Endangered Somalilanders join quest for Jubboyinka

[Xaaji Xunjuf]

Actually most oromos and Amhaaras dont differentiate so much from each other dont be fooled by languages and cultural difference between oromos and Amhaaras.. Genetically they are much and much closer to each other There were some studies done before the Haplagroup e1b1b was approxtmalty 57% found on oromos and Amhaaraas this haplagroup originates from Ethiopia as the studies say. Reason why is that many Amahaaras became oromos and many oromos became Amhaara.The J1 is also found but in much smaller number in both oromos and Amhaaras and gurages, Ethiopian Ethnic groups are not black an white 150 years ago the oromos in shewa danced as traditional oromos now they dance as the Amhaaras

[Xaaji Xunjuf]

Its also not true that oromos and Somalis share the same genetics this has been proven Language should not be confused with genetics only 20 % of the oromos share the same subclade as the Somalis. Not sure about the afars but we speak a similar language of the cushetic branch these terms were given by European anthropologists Somalis speak a language called the Somali. And the oromos speak oromo the white europeans grouped them in the same category but it doesn't mean they share the same genetics or culture do you know Oromos cant pronounce some of the letters in the Somali alphabet like their Amhaara cousins.

[Raamsade]

Xaaji Xunjuf;882127 wrote:

Actually most oromos and Amhaaras dont differentiate so much from each other dont be fooled by languages and cultural difference between oromos and Amhaaras.. Genetically they are much and much closer to each other There were some studies done before the Haplagroup e1b1b was approxtmalty 57% found on oromos and Amhaaraas this haplagroup originates from Ethiopia as the studies say. Reason why is that many Amahaaras became oromos and many oromos became Amhaara.The J1 is also found but in much smaller number in both oromos and Amhaaras and gurages, Ethiopian Ethnic groups are not black an white 150 years ago the oromos in shewa danced as traditional oromos now they dance as the Amhaaras

Of course the Amharas and Oromos who live near each other exhibit greater genetic and cultural affinities. That is expected. For example the long-time residents of London will demonstrate greater genetic affinity than compared to the long-time residents of Bristol despite both cities being located in Southern England. The reason for this is the fact that these respective communities have intermarried amongst each other at greater frequencies than they have married outsiders. But that tells us nothing about their ancestory which is what we're talking. Ancestory and genetic (or cultural) similarities are two different things.

 

Amharas and Oromo have distinct ancestory and this is backed up recent genetic studies. Remember language and genetics tell us pretty much the same thing. Long before genetic studies became common place, linguists have been saying Somalis and Oromos along with Afars share common ancestory. Modern genetics confirms this. Can you cite a single instance where linguistic predictions and genetics conflict? I can't think of any.

[Raamsade]

Xaaji Xunjuf;882131 wrote:

Its also not true that oromos and Somalis share the same genetics this has been proven

Can you back this up with hard evidence?

 

Here is a study by Sanchez, et al:

 

 

Abstract

 

We genotyped 45 biallelic markers and 11 STR systems on the Y chromosome in 201 male Somalis. In addition, 65 sub-Saharan Western Africans, 59 Turks and 64 Iraqis were typed for the biallelic Y chromosome markers. In Somalis, 14 Y chromosome haplogroups were identified including E3b1 (77.6%) and K2 (10.4%). The haplogroup E3b1 with the rare DYS19-11 allele (also called the E3b1 cluster italic gamma) was found in 75.1% of male Somalis, and 70.6% of Somali Y chromosomes were E3b1, DYS19-11, DYS392-12, DYS437-14, DYS438-11 and DYS393-13. The haplotype diversity of eight Y-STRs ('minimal haplotype') was 0.9575 compared to an average of 0.9974 and 0.9996 in European and Asian populations. In sub-Saharan Western Africans, only four haplogroups were identified. The West African clade E3a was found in 89.2% of the samples and the haplogroup E3b1 was not observed. In Turks, 12 haplogroups were found including J2*(xJ2f2) (27.1%), R1b3*(xR1b3d, R1b3f) (20.3%), E3b3 and R1a1*(xR1a1b) (both 11.9%). In Iraqis, 12 haplogroups were identified including J2*(xJ2f2) (29.7%) and J*(xJ2) (26.6%). The data suggest that the male Somali population is a branch of the East African population – closely related to the Oromos in Ethiopia and North Kenya – with predominant E3b1 cluster italic gamma lineages that were introduced into the Somali population 4000–5000 years ago, and that the Somali male population has approximately 15% Y chromosomes from Eurasia and approximately 5% from sub-Saharan Africa.

[Xaaji Xunjuf]

HLA class II allele and haplotype frequencies in Ethiopian Amhara and Oromo populations.

Fort M, de Stefano GF, Cambon-Thomsen A, Giraldo-Alvarez P, Dugoujon JM, Ohayon E, Scano G, Abbal M.

Source

Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rangueil, Toulouse, France.

Abstract

HLA class II alleles were identified in 181 healthy unrelated Ethiopian children of both sexes and in 350 European controls from the South of France. The Ethiopian individuals belonged to the two major ethnic groups of the country: Oromo (N=83) and Amhara (N=98). In both panels, genetic polymorphism of HLA class II alleles was analysed for the first time by molecular typing of DRB1, DQA1 and DQB1 loci. Allelic and phenotypic frequencies were compared with those of European controls and other African populations. Construction of HLA class II three-locus haplotypes was also performed. The study revealed some differences between the two groups. Characteristic features of Central and North African populations appeared on the Ethiopian HLA genotypes. Surprisingly, DRB1*11 presented one of the lowest gene frequencies in both Ethiopian ethnic groups in contrast to Europeans and West Africans. Furthermore, this decrease was more marked than those observed using serological techniques in other geographically close East African countries. Oromo and Amhara only showed minor differences in spite of their different origins and histories. One significant difference consisted of a lower DRB1*01 gene frequency in Oromo as reported in most West African people. Some new or rare haplotypes were also observed in the Oromo group. Our results underline the distinctive features of the Ethiopian populations among the few HLA genotyping data available for East African groups and emphasise the major interest of such investigations in this region of Africa.

 

 

A total of 168 different mtDNA haplotypes were observed in 270 Ethiopians and Eritreans, and 72 haplotypes were recovered in 115 Yemeni samples (fig. 2; tables ​tablesA1A1​A1​​​–A6 [online only]). Approximately one-half of both Ethiopian (52.2%) and Yemeni (45.7%) mtDNA lineages belonged to clades specific to sub-Saharan Africa (fig. 2A; table 1), whereas the other half was divided between derived subclades of haplogroups M and N (fig. 2B; table 1) that are, with the exception of M1 and U6 lineages, more common outside Africa. Consistent with the coexistence of sub-Saharan African and Eurasian mtDNA lineages among Ethiopian, Egyptian, and Yemeni populations, the MDS plot (fig. 3) clustered them, together with Egyptians, in between the Near Eastern and the West African and southern African clusters. It is interesting that both Semitic- and Cushitic-speaking populations of Ethiopia were close to each other and did not reveal significant differences (P>.05) in FST distances between themselves (table A7). The differences between Ethiopian and Yemeni populations were significant (P<.01) except in the case of Gurages (P=.0992±.0057). The highest FST distances for the Yemeni population were observed with southern and southeastern Africans (fig. 3; table A7 [online only]). Consistent with that, the admixture analysis showed the Yemeni population as a hybrid of predominantly Ethiopian and Near Eastern maternal gene pools, which provides no significant support for gene flow from Mozambique (

[Xaaji Xunjuf]

Raamsade genetics tells us a whole different story languages evolve through out the years you cannot base ethnic origins based on that or culture. There are many cases similar to that of the Scottish who carry the Haplogroup H (mtDNA) While their southern English cousins mostly carry the Haplogroup R1b. The same with the Bihir Tigryans of Eritrea who speak the same language as the tigryans of Ethiopia yet come from different ethnic backgrounds. If you closely read what you have posted it tells you only that 15% Y chromosomes from Eurasia and approximately 5% from sub-Saharan Africa when it comes to the Somalis but it doesn't go further into the oromo genetics which in reality is much and much closer to the Amhaaras.The only thing that makes Somalis and oromos close is the faith of Islam and the branch of the cushetic language but not genetics.

[ANWAR]

Conclusion: The unionists will die for a city, (Kismayo). While desert landscape in the north (Somaliland) can be negotiated

[LANDER]

Xaaji Xunjuf;882101 wrote:

^^ The Camera is going every where Somalilanders are very technoliged and their dialect is not that of the Somalilanders.

 

lmao uu sheeg Xaaji, Somalilanders got pretty good at using the lens man these guys are amateurs.

[Raamsade]

Xaaji Xunjuf;882160 wrote:

Raamsade genetics tells us a whole different story languages evolve through out the years you cannot base ethnic origins based on that or culture. There are many cases similar to that of the Scottish who carry the Haplogroup H (mtDNA) While their southern English cousins mostly carry the Haplogroup R1b. The same with the Bihir Tigryans of Eritrea who speak the same language as the tigryans of Ethiopia yet come from different ethnic backgrounds. If you closely read what you have posted it tells you only that 15% Y chromosomes from Eurasia and approximately 5% from sub-Saharan Africa when it comes to the Somalis but it doesn't go further into the oromo genetics which in reality is much and much closer to the Amhaaras.The only thing that makes Somalis and oromos close is the faith of Islam and the branch of the cushetic language but not genetics.

Yes, languages evolve but they do not lose traces of their origin. Take the Romance Languages as an example. All modern Romance languages - Italian, Spanish, Portoguese, Romanian and French - descended from a single language, Latin of ancient Rome. After the demise of the Roman Empire these respective communities became separated for myriad of reasons. This separation and isolation caused slight evolution in ancient Latin into these modern languages.

 

The English and the Scots are not of the same origin, so why do you expect them to carry the same paternal markers? How many English are named Ferguson or Argyle?

 

Regarding the 15% Y-chromosome from Eurasia, this is a misnomer because the particular haplogroup involved, T, is originally African and the people the carried it to "Eurasia" were black Africans like us as there were no "Asians" 30,000 years ago when this mutation originated. BTW, Haplogroup T is present at 18% Cameroon, how do you explain that? Oh, in Cameroon, R1b, the marker for Western Europeans, is also present. How would interpret these results?

 

Most studies I've seen show Oromos with more than 50% E1b1, same as haplogroup as Somalis. Here is study although a bit dated:

 

Figure 1 shows that virtually all of our Ethiopian YAP+ Y chromosomes fall into either haplotype 16, characterized only by the PN2 mutation (Hammer et al 1997), or the M35-related haplotypes 17, 18, and 19. A new M35 haplotype (haplotype 21) was observed in two Oromo. This is defined by the G→A transition (M281 in fig. 1) at position 280 within the sequence-tagged site containing the M67 and M68 mutations associated with Group VI, which were described by Underhill et al. (2000). Noteworthy is the particularly high frequency of haplotype 18, defined by M78, which also characterizes most of the European YAP+ chromosomes (O.S., unpublished data), and the absence of the haplotype 20, identified by the M81 mutation, which is the most frequent M35 lineage in North Africa (Bosch et al. 2001). In a comparison of the different groups of Ethiopians, the Oromo show an incidence (62.8%) of the M35 cluster higher than that in the Amhara (35.4%, P<.005); the Amhara value is similar to the frequency (31.8%) found in the Ethiopian sample of Underhill et al. (2000). A consistent proportion (17.0%) of Y chromosomes belonging to the M75 cluster (haplotype 22) is a distinctive feature of the latter sample. In contrast, almost all Senegalese (98.6%) are YAP+, and the majority of them (81.3%) fall into the M2 subclade, but only one of them shows the M191 mutation (haplotype 12) (Underhill et al. 2001). This mutation accounts for ~40% of the M2 members, who are mainly Pygmies (Underhill et al. 2000). Group III is less frequent in the Khoisan (28.2%), who share with Ethiopians only the M35 haplotype 19 (10.3%). Conversely, the M2 component, which occurs at a frequency of 17.9% in the Khoisan, is virtually absent in the Ethiopians.

 

Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC384897/

 

Lastly, HLA results can not demonstrate paternal ancestry only relationship. Using HLA you can show relationship between native Indian tribes in Latin America and Africans. This is because most HLA alleles are not unique to a particular group so they can't show us who descended from who. This is why you need to cite paternal or Y-chromosome haplogroups. If you do that you'll find that Amharas, Tigre and other Semetic speaking Ethiopians have, on average, higher percentage of J haplogroup than Oromo who show greater genetic affinity to Somalis.

[Maarodi]

oba hiloowlow;882124 wrote:

I lost braincells reading that

You might be on to something there

[Carafaat]

*ANWAR*;882302 wrote:

Conclusion: The unionists will die for a city, (Kismayo). While desert landscape in the north (Somaliland) can be negotiated

 

 

War waa wada tribalist most of these folks.