Recognition of Somaliland: A Push for Stability in the Horn of Africa

[Deeq A.]

Horn or Africa is often marked as a region known for instability, In the North West of the Horn, Somaliland has established a stable foundation of governance, security, and economic development since last three decades by declaring independence from Somalia in 1991. Yet, despite Somaliland’s demonstrated success as a state and completing elements of Statehood like define territory, permanent population, government, elections, defence etc., the international community continues to withhold formal recognition. This reluctance not only dismisses Somaliland’s progress but also overlooks a vital chance to support stability within the Horn of Africa.

Commitment to Democracy and Rule of Law
Somaliland’s journey is unique. Unlike many regions seeking independence through conflict, Somaliland has shown dedication to democracy and rule of law. It has held peaceful elections, ensured orderly transitions of power, and introduced biometric voter registration—steps rarely seen in this part of the world. These democratic practices stand in stark contrast to Somalia’s ongoing struggles with violence and political fragmentation.

Legally, Somaliland’s case is compelling. In 2010, the International Court of Justice ruled in Kosovo’s favor, stating that declarations of independence do not inherently violate international law. Many countries recognized Kosovo afterward. Somaliland, with its distinct historical background as a former British protectorate before its brief, troubled union with Somalia, argues for a similar right to restore its original sovereignty.

Economic Viability Against the Odds
Despite limited resources and a lack of international aid, Somaliland has built a functioning economy in the region just like other nations with challenges of course due to the factors of recognition. Its private sector local businesses, telecom companies, and even multinational giants like Coca-Cola bottling plant—provides the backbone for growth. The Port of Berbera, a key strategic asset and backbone for the nation, has attracted investment from the UAE and private giants establishing it as a logistical hub in the Horn of Africa.

This economic resilience strengthens Somaliland’s case. Just as South Sudan’s control of oil resources was crucial to its independence, Somaliland’s economic stability shows it can operate independently. Recognition would open the doors for more foreign investment and formal access to international markets, further bolstering its role in the region.

A Stabilizing Force in a Volatile Region
The Horn of Africa faces grave security challenges, from terrorism and piracy to human trafficking. Somaliland, however, has managed to create a haven of relative peace and stability. This record benefits not only its citizens but also international stakeholders concerned with regional security and safe maritime routes.

The international community has recognized statehood in other cases to promote stability, such as Timor-Leste’s independence in 2002, where recognition brought peace to Southeast Asia. Recognizing Somaliland could provide similar benefits, fostering a more stable environment in the Horn of Africa and countering extremist threats.

Learning from Other Recognition Cases
Kosovo, South Sudan, and Timor-Leste all faced opposition but eventually achieved recognition. In each case, the decision supported both self-determination and regional stability. Somaliland’s case is similar: its achievements and long-standing independence make it a strong candidate for recognition.

A Moral and Strategic Necessity
Supporting Somaliland aligns with international principles of promoting democracy and stability. Neighboring states, like Ethiopia and Djibouti, could benefit from having a stable partner, while global powers like the U.S. and EU could see it as a strategic move. MOU between Ethiopia and Somaliland could be a game changer for the region and the State’s international image and relations. Ignoring Somaliland risks leaving a successful region vulnerable to external threats and instability.

Time to Acknowledge Somaliland’s Achievements
Somaliland’s pursuit of recognition is not just about political status but it has practical implications for the Horn of Africa’s security and prosperity. Recognizing Somaliland could validate its progress, support regional stability, and showcase the international community’s commitment to peace. Acknowledging Somaliland’s right to self-determination would not only reward its achievements but also help secure a more stable future for the region.

By Abdul Rafay Afzal (Editor In Chief The Advocate Post)

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