Jawaab Aasaaskii SNM ee Khallijka Carabta 1981.

[galbeedi]

Inta aanan ka jawaabin qoraalkan ku saasbsan aassaaski jabhada SNM, waxay jecelahay in aan dul joogsado dhawr arrimood ku saabsan sobobta dadka Soomaaliyeed ee taarriikhda qora iyo kuwa naqdiya dagaaladii sokeeye ee dalka dhacay ay haba yaraatee aanay si balaadhan aysan uga gadlin arrimaha ku saabsan jabhada SNM haday noqoto aassaskeeda, dambiyada dagaal ee galeen ( war crimes) iyo raadka ay ku yeesheen jiritaanka ummadeed ee dadka Soomaaliyeed.

 

WAxaan odhan karaa waxa kalifay dhawr arrimood: waa marka horee ayagoo dadka beeshaasi ka dhigay dhacdooyinkii gobolada woqooyi sida xasuuqii Yuhuuda ee dagaalkii labaad oo hadhii aad su'aalo ka keento tirada dadka dhintay lagugu eedeynayo " Neo Nazi" iyo xagjirenimo wadata nacybka qoomiyadda Yuhuuda.

 

Sidoo kale way  ku adag tahay dadka Soomaaliyeed, gaar ahaan kuwa reer koonfurka in ay si qoto dheer (critical way) uga hadlaan arrimahan. Waxa markiiba qofka dhaliila jabhada guud ahaan iyo dhaqanka gooni goosatada lagu shaabadaynayaa qof neceb beesha oo dafirsan dulmigii ka soo gaadhay maamulikii kacaanka. Sidaa daraadeed ma arkaysid qof taarriikhda waxa ka qora oo faraha la geleya arrimaha.

 

Taas waxa dheer in sanadihii ugu dambeeyey haddii aad tahay aqoon yahan falanqeeye siyaasada Soomalida in aad si qun yar u socoto ( Fine line) oo aad iska illaliso si aan shirarka Soomaalida lagaaga mamnuucin oo imkia badankooda ay gacanta ky hayaan Matt Bryden, The Heritage Foundation iyo kuwa gacan saar la leh, islamarkaana kugu adkaanayso in aad ka qeyb qaadato.

 

Haddaba anigu Galbeedi, ma ahi qof ay ku eedeyn karaan in uu dulmi u geystay, islamarkaana aanu igu jirin nacayb beeleed, balse ah kuwa raba in ay fikirkaan la naaxnaaxiyey doonaya in ay toosh ku ifiyaan.

 

INtaas haddan ku dhaafo taas waxa aan dul istaagaya qoraalkan ku saabsan abuurka jabhada iyo bilawgeedi sanadkii 1981 kii.

 

SNM aasaaskeedu waxa uu ka soo unkamay dibedda, siiba waddamada Khaliijka Carbeed, gaar ahaan waddanka Boqortooyada Sacuudi Areebiya iyo waddanka Ingriiska. Koox ka mid ahayd dad hore waddanka uga haajirey, una cuntami waydey siyaasaddii Kacaanka iyo qaarkood tii dawladihii rayadka ahaa ee ka horreeyeyba, ayaa ahayd ibo-furkii muuqdey ee aasaaska SNM. Gudaha laftiisa dareenkaas dad la wadaagaa iyana si qarsoodi ah ayay uga jireen.

 

Waxaan ogsoonahay marka jabhad hubeysan la billabayo waxa lagama maarmaan ah in ay jiraan dhibaatooyin waa weyn oo dadkaas ku kalifaya in ay qori qataan oo ay dagaal galaan sida: xasuuq baahsan oo loo geystay, cunsuriyad dhaqan ama mid dhaqaale, xabsi iyo dil joogta ah, bara kacin iyo faquuq shaqsiyadeed. 

Laakiin sida qoraalkan ka muuqata waxa " Jiray dareen" .

 

Haddaba si aynu u ogaano in waxaas iyo wax la midi ay dhaceen waa in aan dul joogsano wax yaabihii dhacay labadii sanadood ee ka horeeyrey bilawgii 1981. Ama mudaddi u dhexeysay 1970-77. Bal aynu duljoogsano labadaan wakhti.

 

Abuurista Jabhada ee SAudi Arabia ma ahayn shil ama dhacdo caadi ah.

 

Somalia waxay ahayd dal shuuci ah oo militarigu awooda dalka gacanta ku hayo, hase ahaatee tartan ka dhex socday golaha wasiirada Soomaaliya ama dadkii ugu cadcadaa kacaanka ayaa waxa uu kalifay in Soomaaliya ka baxdo nidaamka shuuciga ahaa oo ay xaga wadamada qarbiga u leexato. Si kale hadaan u dhigo assaasida jahada ee Jeddah, Saudi Arabia ma ahayn dhacdo caadi ah balse waxay ahayd arin laga soo shaqeeyey oo mudo soo socotay markii dambana qaadatay waji kale. 

 

Dukomentiyo dahsoon ( clasified documents)  oo burburkii Midowga Soveyti ka dib laga soo gudbiyey dalkii la la odhan jiray Garmalka Dimoraadiga ah (East Germany) waxa ay muujiyeen xogo sheegaya in uu general Mohamed Cali Samatar iyo C/rahmaan Caydiid oo isagu ahaa hogaamiyaha fikirka shuuciga ah ee Somalia ( chief communist ideolog) ay iska soo horjeedeen koox ku xidhan khaliijka Carabta ---oo dhaqaale aad u badan helay ka dib markii qiimaha saliidu saddex jeer laban laabmay  dagaalkii Carabta iyo Yuhuuda sanadkii 1973-- oo ay ugu weyn yihiin Ahmed Saleebaan Dafle iyo Cumar Carte Qaalib. Labadaan nin nina waxa uu madax ka ahaa sir doonka gudaha dalka, ka kalina arrimaha dibeda, si kale haddaan u dhigo waxa ay gacanta ku hayeen siyaasada guud ee dalka iyo dibeda.

 

 Ka dib markii Jimmy Carter loo doortay madaxweynaha Maraykankii, waxa ay bilaabeen in wadamo ay ka mid yihiin Somalia iyo Suudaan ay ka soo celiyaan Shuuciyada ayagoo kaashnaya lacagta Khaliijka. Gebagebadiina Dafle iyo Ina Carte Qaalib way ku guulaysteen in ay Soomali ka saaraan Ruushka wakhtigii dasgaalka Soomaali Galbeed. Sidoo kale dadka jabhada horboodayey ee fikirka salka u ahaa waxay ahaayeen wadaado Sucuudiga degen oo la fikir ahaa mujaahidiinta Afgaanistaan, calaamadaha waxa ka mid ah in calakooda ay u eekeysiiyeen kan Sacuudiga Tawhiidna ku qoreen.

Cumar Carte waxa uu buugiisa ku qoray in uu asagu ka dambeeyey abuurista jabahada. Ugu dambeyntiinse waxa uu ku guulaystay waxaysan jabhad Soomaaliyeed weligeed ku hamiyin waxa uuna kale diray ciidankii qaranka 1991 taas oo horseeday fawdaddii ka bilaabantay dalka. Waxa casharkaa Ina Carta Qaalib Qaatay Donald Ramsfield oo ciidankii Iraq ee 400,000 ahaa kala diray, taas oo fawddadeedi dhamaan la'adahay ilaa hadda.

 

Awooda siyaasadeed ee beeshu ku dhex lahayd Golaha Sare ee Kacaaka (SRC).

 

Marka laga soo bilaabo 1970-1977, beesha SNM gaar ahaan iyo guud ahaan dadka ka soo jeeda gobolada waqooyi waxay ahaayeen udub dhexaadka dawladii kacaanka. Mar waxa jirtay ay beesha bariga Burco kaligeed ay golaha wasiirada ku lahayd xubnaha dawlada ee ugu muhiimsan oo ay hogaaminayyeen Ahmed Siilaanyo, Ahmed Xassan Muuse iyo Ismaaciil CAli Abokor. Weliba Mr. Abokor waxa uu mudaadsi madax ka noqday dhamaan ololeyaashii uu kacaanku hirgaliyey haddii ay yihiin kii qorsta Af Soomaaliga, kii ka hortega abaaraha iyo  kii horumarinta reer miyaga. WAxa uu ahaa gacanta midig ee jeneral Mohamed Siyaad Barre. Ilma  Xawaadle Madar, Cumar Carte Qaalib, Axmed Mohamuud Faarax iyo Ina  Gahayr ayaa sidoo kale golaha ku jiray oo dhamaantood Hargeisa ka soo jeeda. Taas waxa u dheer taliyaha jeelasha iyo madaxda ugu sareysa ee boliska. Haddii reer waqooyi layidhaahdana, 40% golaha sare reer waqooyi ayuu ahaa sida: Mohamed Cumar Jees (Hargeisa), Mohamed Cali Shire iyo Ahmed Saleebaan Dafle (Laascaanood iyo Sheilkh), Muuse Rabiile iyo Farah Wacayd Duule ( Awdal).

 

Golaha sare ee kacaanku gacantooda ayuu ku jiray.

 

 1974 markii abaartii daba dheer ku dhufatay gobolada Sool iyo Togdheer waxa u gurmaday kacaanka, waxaana isla markiiba booqasho ku tagay Jaalle Siyaad iyo wafti culus oo uu hogaaminayo. Markii uu soo laabtay ee dood dheer laga galay golihii sare iyo wasiiradiisu waxay go'aan ku gaadheen in sida kaliya ee dadkaan dhibkan looga saari karo tahay in dhamaan la soo rarro iyaga iyo xoolahoodaba oo la dejiyo dhulka ay maraan labada webi ee Shabeelle iyo Jubba. WAxa la diyaariyey danwadaagta beeraleyda iyo kaluumaysatada ee Sablaale, Tajuuma iyo Kunti waareey. Gacmo furan ayaa lagu soo dhaweeyey. Miyaad maanta dad Soomaaliyeed intaad ka qaado Diinsoor ama Caliyaale aad Burco iyo Laascaanood gayn karta? . Taa waxa ka sii daran kuwan hadda edeecadaha inagu wareeriyey ee siyaasada Soomaaliland hor booday ee reer Burco badankoodu boqolkiiba 60% waa dadkii Sablaale kacaanku dajiyey.

 

Bal aynu duljoogsano 1979-1981.

 

Waa maxay masiibadan dhacday ee kaliftay aburiista jabhada bilawgii 1981. 

 

Dhamaadkii todobaatameeyadii dadka u ololeynayey in Mudug gacan bir ah lagu qabto waxay ahaayeen reer waqooyi. Beelaha Puntland iyo kuwa HAG ee koonfureed midkoodna madax kama noqon milateriga, boliska, arrimaha dibeda iyo dhaqaalaha, laakiin beesha SNM ayaa intaba soo qabatay. Dadkani waxay ahaayeen dadkii ku naaxay kacaanka. Cabasho badan ayaa ka dhex jirtay golaha sare oo looga cabanayo awooda sida buuxda gacanta ugu gashay dadka reer woqooyiga guud ahaan.

Hadday noqoto xagga maamulka dawliga iyo maareynta ( beraucracy and management), waxa ay bilaabatay markii C/risaaq Xaaji Xuseen Raisilwasaare noqday 1964, kadibna  luuqada dawladu ku shaqeysana ( offical language) ka dhigay afka Ingriisiga. Weli miyaad aragteen dadka reer koonfurka oo kacabanaya markii luuqadii Talyaaniga ee ay wax ku barteen la tuuray gebiahaanba.

 

Waxaan safar ku maray xagaagi anigoo arday iskuul dhigta ah 1981 Djibouti ilaa Muqdisho.

 

Inkasta oo dhaqaalaha dalku furfurmayey dhamaadkii todobaadtamaadki, hadana Soomaliya guud ahaan dhaqaaluhu waxa uu gacanta ugu jiray Kacaanka, ganacsi xor ahina waa yaraa. Habka dalka badeecadaha iyo gaadiidka lagu keenana waxa uu ahaa LC oo dawlada ayaa ruqsada siisa dadka ay rabto. Habase ahaatee gobalada waqooyi waxa ka jiriay nidaam u dhaw suuqa xorta ah ( free market economy) . Anyone can send a car, a bus or merchandise from the Gulf to Berbera port. If you were in Hargeisa by early 1981, you would be amazed the huge difference between the low inflation economy of MOgadishu and the booming free market of Hargeisa. Trucks transporting goods from the Djibouti commercial hubs were lined up from Lawyacado to Burco. I saw them all because I even rode one of them from Djibouti to Hargeisa as junior high school student. Infliation was so high in Hargeisa "one Shilling" coins had disappeared from circulation.   Inta aanan u soo gudbin magaalada Mudisho waxa aan ku hakaday laba billood ku dhawaad magaalada Burco. Duleedka magaalada waxa taxnaa baabuur xoolo la saarayo iyo kuwa lagu kakinay tuulada Beer oo Burco duleedkeeda ah, ayagoo baabuurta xoolaha wadaa ay ka immanayeen Hiiraan, Galgaduud iyo Nugaal. Huteelada magaalada waxa fara waaweyn oo iftiimaya ku qornaa numbarada telefoonada iyo Telex ka. Maadama aan ahaa wiil yar oo Awdal ka yimid waxa aan markii iigu horeysay kor u qaaday oo dhagta saaray waxa la yidhaahdo telefoon waxay ahayd magaalada Burco. Magaalada barwaaqo ayaa taalay. Dadkuna waa isku dhex jiray oo dadka ganacsiga iyo degaanka Burco  ku leh boqolkiiba 20% waxay ahaayeen reer Sanaag bari iyo reer Sool.

 

Marka aad soo dhaafto gobolada Woqooyi eed soo gasho degaanda Puntland oo ka bilaabanayey duleedka Garoowe ilaa woqooyiga Gaalkacayo, waxay u ekaayeen dhul laga guuray oo hawanaya (ghost towns) , adigoo cabsanaya oo is leh armaa wadada laguu galaa. Hadaba Soomaaliyada intii ka horeysay 1981 waa taas aan tilmamay oo dadka ugu ladan ay ahaayeen beesha SNM. Dadka ciidamada ku jiray ee gacanta birta ah ku qabtay degaanadaasi badankoodu waxay ahaayeen beesha sNM oo ay ugu weynaayeen Kornayl Dhagweyne.

 

WAxa la yidhi SNM waxaa Sacuudiga ku aassaasay rag ay ka mid yihiin: Sheekh Yuusuf Sheekh Cali Sh Madar (AHUN), Maxamed Xaashi Cilmi, Xasan Aadan Wadaad-diid (AHUN), Axmed Ismaaciil Cabdi (Duqsi, AHUN), Prof Cabdisalaam Yaasiin Maxamed, Axmed Maxamed Jaamac (Dable) iyo Axmed Maxamed (Seyidi).

 

 Nimankan badankooda ee  kor  xusan ee jabhada SNM ku assaasay dalka Sacuudiga waxa ay ahaayeen dadkii ka faa'iidaystay fiisayaashii shaqada ee Carte Qaalib ka soo qaaday Khaliijka ka dib markii Soomaliya ka mid noqotay Jaamacad Carabta. 4000 oo fiise ayey Carabtu bixisay,  laba kun oo ka mid ah waxa qaatay Carte Qaalib inta kalena waxa loo qaybiyey Soomaalida inteeda kale. WAxa aydun maqashaan beelaha Hargeisa oo mar walba ka cawda qoondada koonfurta Soomaliya ka qaadatay dawlada Soomaaliyeed, hase ahaatee ma jirin shaqo ka muhiimsanayd sanadahii todobaatameeyadii fiiso shaqo ( work pemitt) laga helo Khaliijka oo dhisme hor umarineed ka socdo. Dadka ka yimaada Khaliijka Carabta ee dalka fasaxa ku yimaada waxa la odhan jiray " Janaale". Hargeisa waxay la ciirciiraysay Janaale.

 

Sdai ka muuqata magacyada dadka jabhada ku dhawaaqay waxa ay boqolkiiba 70% ka soo jeedaan beesha Carte Qaalib ee Hargeisa iyo Galbeedkeeda degan oo qaatay 80% fiisayaashii Khaliijka. 1982kii anigoo Hargeisa jooga ayaa nin saaxiibkay ahaa waxa uu iigu dhaartay in jufooyinka hoose ee Carte Qaalib in qoys kasta hal qof ka joogo Khaliijka Carabta oo ka faa'iiday Fiisayaashii qaranka. Waxay ahaayeen dadkii ku naaxay shaqooyinka Khaliijka. Hadaba maxaa dhacay oo kalifay in ay mashuurucan qaataan?

 

Hadaba waxa isweydiin leh maxaa ku kalifay dadkaan in ayaga oo casiir ku cabaya Khaliijka Carabta in ay ku dhawaaqaan jabhad hubaysan oo saldhig ka dhigata dalkii markaa cadawgeena ahaa ee Ethioipia?

Dhawr sobobood ayaan is leeyahay way ku kaifeenn dadkan ka midka ahaa dabaqada dhexe ee Khaliijka joogay.

Waxa ka mid ah ........... la soco qeybta kale......

[baala xoofto]

What you have failed to mention is that, these people were highly skilled and educated and each and everyone of them performed at best in his capacity from the management people to the ministerial people. They didn't get to these positions due to nepotism or cronyism. 

And the results speak for itself. The Kacaan did in the years between 1969-1975 what could have taken decades for other countries. 

This goes back to the pre-Union, the Northerners were free-minded, got their education from global universities like London school of economics and Oxford, Cambridge etc. Also the military in the north were highly trained and educated. 

Their South Somalia counterparts had their mindset already limited by their colonial experiences. The great majority of them were just "yes men" who were told what to do and couldn't do anything unless a superior spelled it out for them. Basically missing their colonial masters. 

With regards to the economy, the biggest hard currency earner for Somalia was and still is Livestock. Livestock trading is specialty of Somalilanders - the first market was opened in Burco back in 1890s. This market was exclusively used to send livestock to the British Army in the region. Later became the defacto livestock market for the whole region, which it still is.

So when you control the economy (Hard currency), you also have more power in the local politics. 

With regards to Hargeisa, Burco booming in the 1970s, that is true. But what you failed to mention is that, the biggest Real Estate transfer was happening in Mogadishu. Thousands of highly well off families **creme la creme** of the North moved to Mogadishu during 1965 - 1975. They bought their houses with real $$$$. And they established businesses there. 

I will talk about what happened in 1980 and caused the downward spiral of the Somali State in another post.  

[Miskiin-Macruuf-Aqiyaar]

Markee secessionist Siyaad Barre guulwade u ahaayeen sawirkaan hoose laga garanaa. They were in the first line of Guulwadoow Siyaad until uu jaadkii mamnuucay:

Yes, waa runtaa Siyaad Barre favoured them, even giving whole blocks of government-owned apartments like Afrikaan Filaj (African Village) in the late 1970s. Majority of the residents of these blocks iyagee ahaayeen oo shaqaalo guulwade ahaa. 

[Xaaji Xunjuf]

What people are missing is that afweyne didn’t start the crack down on somalilanders in the  early 70s the first crack appeared in the late 1970s , it started then when we lost the Ethiopian Somali war  that’s when his henchmen were killing somaliland soldiers and colonels and generals in high places . Sheikh ibrahiem visited Mogadishu and tried to have a word with general afweyne about how to disarm the wslf because they had turned their guns against the ethnic somalilandish people in the hawd of Ethiopia.

but it all fell into deaf ears afweyne just ignored this is the time when. General Mohammed ali formed the affaraad brigade jabhad to fight back against these lowely tribal minded big foot folks. This was prior of the creation of thé snm in Saudi Arabia 

what also was one of the factors of the creation of the snm which changed the geography of the horn for good was that the afweyne regime wanted to  destroy the livestock trade mostly controlled by Somalilanders he wanted to strip the landers from their business and he forced every  lander that had a busssines license to employ one afweynes clan so that they eventually Could take over the business , this was the red dotted line the killings the harrassment we could live with but  be second class citizens with out any money, this is unacceptable so we formed the snm and destroyed the illegitimate regime of afweyne , and every one is happy except Reer booliqaran, oo xaraanta ku naaxay who never worked an honest living.

 

 

[Arafaat]

23 hours ago, galbeedi said:

 

Hadaba waxa isweydiin leh maxaa ku kalifay dadkaan in ayaga oo casiir ku cabaya Khaliijka Carabta in ay ku dhawaaqaan jabhad hubaysan oo saldhig ka dhigata dalkii markaa cadawgeena ahaa ee Ethioipia?

Dhawr sobobood ayaan is leeyahay way ku kaifeenn dadkan ka midka ahaa dabaqada dhexe ee Khaliijka joogay.

Waxa ka mid ah ........... la soco qeybta kale......

I will respond when you finish your writing and explain what the possible reasoning was for people to the start an armed struggle against the socialist autocracy. 

[baala xoofto]

21 hours ago, Miskiin-Macruuf-Aqiyaar said:

Yes, waa runtaa Siyaad Barre favoured them, even giving whole blocks of government-owned apartments like Afrikaan Filaj (African Village) in the late 1970s. Majority of the residents of these blocks iyagee ahaayeen oo shaqaalo guulwade ahaa. 

African Village was given teachers and their families. Apparently, the great majority of the teachers were from the North. 

[galbeedi]

You welcome.

I even like the way you desctibed the struggl: 

5 minutes ago, Arafaat said:

armed struggle against the socialist autocracy. 

Instead of the usual " reer hebel" ayyan la dagaalanay.