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Deeq A.

Sheekada dooxada ‘isdhiibi weyday’ ee Afghanistan ku taalla

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Deeq A.   

Sheekada dooxada ‘isdhiibi weyday’ ee Afghanistan ku taalla

Panjshir Valley, Afghanistan, 2019

Dhowr kun oo dagaalyahanno ah oo ka soo horjeeda Taliban ayaa lagu soo warramayaa in ay ka hortegayaan in ururka la wareegay Afghanistan ay qabsadaan dooxadan fog oo leh irrid cidhiidhi ah – wax ka yar 30 mayl ku dhawaadna u jirta caasimadda Kabul.

Ma ahan markii ugu horreysay ee dooxada Panjshir ee aadka u xiisaha badan ay noqoto mid ifafaale u ah taariikhda qallafsan ee Afghanistan – Waxay ahayd meel laga soo horjeedo ciidamadii Soofiyeeti, sannadihii 1980-meeyadii, iyo Taalibaankii 90-meeyadii.

Kooxda halkaas ku suggan hadda – Jabhadda Iska-caabbinta Qaran ee Afghaanistaan (NRF) – ayaa dhowaan xusuusiyey adduunka doorkii dooxadan.

“Ciidanka Cas, iyagoo xoog leh, way awoodi waayeen in ay naga adkaadaan… iyo Taliban, 25 sano ka hor – waxay isku dayeen inay la wareegaan dooxadan wayna ku guuldaraysteen, waxay la kulmeen guuldarro aad u xun,” ayuu u sheegay BBC, Ali Nazary, Madaxa xidhiidhkaka dibadda, ee NRF.

Dooxada ayaa ku fidsan ilaa 75-mayl (120km) – koonfur-galbeed ilaa waqooyi-bari ee dhanka waqooyi caasimadda Afghanistan ee Kabul.

Waxaa lagu ilaaliyaa buuraha dhaadheer – oo kor u kacaya 9,800ft (3,000m) oo ka sarraysa dooxada. Waxay yihiin xannibaad dabiici ah oo weyn – dhanka kalena waa hab badbaadineed oo ay miciinsadaan dadka halkaas ku nool.

Waxaa jiro hal waddo oo cidhiidhi ah, taas oo sii maraysa inta u dhexeysa dhagaxyo waaweyn iyo Webiga Panjshir.

“Waxaa jiro dhinac khuraafaad ah oo ka jira aagga oo dhan. Ma ahan dooxo oo kali ah. Markaad gasho waxaa jira ugu yaraan 21 dooxyo hoose ah oo isku xiran,” ayuu yiri Shakib Sharifi, oo halkaas ku noolaa xilligii uu carruurta ah, laakiin ka tagay Afghanistan, ka dib markii Taliban gacanta ku dhigtay.

“Taariikh ahaan, Dooxada Panjshir waxaa lagu yaqaanay macdan-qodis – oo ay ku jiraan dahabka qaaliga ah,” ayay tiri Elisabeth Leake, oo taariikhda caalamiga ah ka dhigta Jaamacadda Leeds ee UK.

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Map of Panjshir Valley in Afghanistan

 

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Maanta, dooxada waxay leedahay biyo-xidheenno koronto ku shaqeeya iyo beeraha dabaysha.

Maraykanka wuxuu gacan ka geystay dhismaha waddooyinka ee goobtaas. Xaruntii hore ee cirka ee Mareykanka ee Bagram – oo markii hore ay dhiseen Soofiyeetyadii 1950 meeyadii – sidoo kale waxay masaafo gaaban u jirtaa afka dooxada.

Waa dad ‘Geesiyiin ah’

Inta u dhaxaysa 150,000 iyo 200,000 oo qof ayaa lagu soo warramayaa inay ku nool yihiin dooxada. Badankoodu waxay ku hadlaan luqadda Daari – oo ka mid ah afafka ugu waaweyn Afgaanistaan – waxayna ka soo jeedaan qowmiyadda Tajik.

Qowmiyaddan Tajik waxay ka yihiin qiyaastii rubuc dadka Afgaanistaan oo ah 38 milyan oo qof – laakiin dadka Panjshir ma eegaan dhinaca Tajikistan, oo ka mid ah dariska waqooyiga Afghanistan. Taas beddelkeeda waxay leeyihiin aqoonsi deegaan oo u gaar ah.

Panjshir Valley, Afghanistan, 2011

Sharifi – oo illaa dhowaan ahaa agaasimaha guud ee qorshaynta ee Wasaaradda Beeraha ee Afghanistan – wuxuu shacabka Panjshir ku tilmaamaa geesiyiin. “Laga yaabee qofka u dhashay inuu yahay kan ugu geesisan Afghanistan”.

Wuxuu sheegay in dadka maxalliga ah aysan la heshiin karin Talibaan – oo ay leeyihiin “unug dagaal – laakiin si wanaagsan u tababaran”. Guulihii taariikhiga ahaa ee ka dhanka ahaa Ingiriiska, Soofiyeedka iyo Taliban, ayaa si fudud “u sii dhiirrigeliyay dadkaas”.

Markii laga adkaaday Taalibaan, sannadkii 2001-dii, dooxada waxaa loo dallacsiiyay degmo ilaa gobol. Waa mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu yar Afghanistan.

Afghan resistance movement and anti-Taliban uprising forces personnel. Panjshir province, Afghanistan, August 2021
Xerta ka soo horjeedda Taliban, August 2021

Sharifi ayaa sheegay in muhiimadda Panjshir ay ku xiran tahay arrimo badan oo isbiirsaday.

“Ma ahan oo kaliya daraasiin goobaha dagaal ee fog oo dooxada ah. Ma ahan kaliya juqraafiga buuraleyda, mana ahan kaliya sababta qaabka baaxadda leh ee dadka Panjshir ay leeyihiin. Balse waa arrimo kale oo jira”

Is -maandhaafkan u dambeeyay, dooxada ayaa la rumeysan yahay in ay sidoo kale hoy u tahay hub fara badan.

Halgamayaasha fadhigoodu yahay dooxada ayaa loogu talagalay in la kala diro 20-kii sano ee la soo dhaafay, waxayna wareejiyeen hubkooda. “Laakiin wali waxaa jiro kaydad halkaas yaal,” ayuu yiri Dr Giustozzi.

“Saraakiisha Afghanistan ​​ee xiriirka la leh Panjshir ayaa sidoo kale halkaas u raray hub badan, iyagoo ka walwalsan in Karzai iyo Ghani, laakiin aakhirkii waxay noqotay in Taliban ay ka walwalaan.”

Ninka ah hoggaaminaya xoogagga la-dagaallanka Taalibaan ee dooxada waa Ahmad Macuud oo 32 sano jir ah – waa wiil uu dhalay hoggaamiyaha iska-caabbinta iyo u dagaallankii xurmada ee soo bilowday 1980-meeyadii iyo 90-meeyadii, Axmad Shah Mascuud.

A portrait of Ahmad Massoud, Panjshir Valley, Afghanistan, September 5, 2019
Axmad Mascuud oo ku sugan dooxada, 2019

Mascuud wuxuu sheegay in dagaalyahannadiisu ay taageero militari ka haystaan ​​xubno ka tirsan ciidanka Afghanistan iyo ciidamada gaarka ah.

“Waxaan haynaa bakhaarro rasaas iyo hub ah oo aan si dulqaad leh u ururinnay tan iyo xilligii aabbahay, sababtoo ah waxaan ogayn in ay maalintani imaan kartay,” ayuu ku qoray maqaal uu dhowaan ku qoray Washington Post.

Aabihii oo lagu naanaysi jiray “Libaaxii Panjshir”, wuxuu ahaa taliye mujaahid oo fashiliyay ciidamadii Soofiyeedka iyo Taalibaan, labadaba. Panjshir lafteedu macnaheedu waa “shan libaax”.

Wiilkan uu dhalay janaraalkii ka tirsan ciidamada Afghanistan, Axmad Shah Mascuud, wuxuu ku dhashay dooxa.

Sawirkiisa ayaa wali laga heli karaa meelo badan oo ku yaal Gobolka Panjshir iyo Kabul – laga bilaabo taallooyin ilaa boodhadh iyo daaqadaha dukaammada.

Isaga dartiis, dooxada Panjshir waxay noqotay xarun ka soo horjeedda shuuciyadda, ka dib markii Xisbiga Dimuqraadiga Dadka ee Afgaanistaan ​​(PDPA) uu ku guuleystay awoodda hoggaanka 1978 – iyo Midowgii Soofiyeeti ayaa si xoog ah uga dhaqaaqay sannad ka dib.

Portraits of Ahmad Shah Massoud, Panjshir Valley, Afghanistan, 2009
Waddanihga Axmad Shah Mascuud ee Panjshir Valley, 2009

AXmad Mascuud wuxuu ahaa 12 sano jir markii aabbihii dhintay. Wuxuu wax ku bartay London, wuxuuna tababar ku qaatay muddo sannad ah Akademiyada Ciidanka ee Royal ee Sandhurst.

“Wuxuu leeyahay soo jiidashada aabbihiis, laakiin lama tijaabin ka hoggaamiye ciidan ahan,” ayuu yiri Dr Giustozzi.

“Wuxuu sidoo kale u baahan yahay xirfado uu ku gorgortamo si uu u gaaro heshiis kasta oo awoo -qaybsi oo suurtogal ah oo heer qaran ah. Sababtoo ah waa qof cusub oo wax badan ma lumin doono – si ka duwan qaar ka mid ah tirooyinka dawladda ee waawayn – wuxuu noqon karaa mid aad u dalbada wax badan marka laga hadlayo doonistiisa.”

Waxa xiga ee dooxada ka dhici doona way adag tahay in la qiyaaso, ayuu tidhi Prof Leake.

“Sida iska cad wuxuu aad uga warqabaa dhaxalkiisa gaarka ah iyo muhiimadda taariikhiga ah ee aabbihiis – waxaan arki karnaa isagoo sii wata dhaxalkan ka-qaybgalka caalamiga ah.”

“Laakiin markan, sheekadu way ka duwan tahay. Taalibaanku waxay qabsadeen magaalooyin iyo magaalooyin waaweyn oo u dhow – silsiladihii sahayda ayaa la carqaladeeyay. Taasi waxay beddeshaa dheelitirka,” ayey sheegtay.

Ahmad Massoud, arrives to attend and address a gathering at the tomb of his late father, Panjshir province, Afghanistan, July 5, 2021
Axmad Mascuud oo ku sugan xabaashii aabbihii, July 2021

Mascuud laftiisu wuxuu codsaday in la taageero.

“Haddii dagaal-oogayaasha Taliban ay soo qaadaan weerar, dabcan waxay nagala kulmi doonaan iska caabin adag waxaanan rabnaa saaxiibadeenna reer galbeedku in ay na taageeraan”, ayuu yiri.

Qaran News

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