Innalhamdalilah Salamu alaykum wa rahmatullahi wa baarakatu baarakallahu feekum Alle-ubaahne, akhee baarakallahu feek, where is your tip? Wiilo I have never heard of your name before, what does it mean?!? And May Allah reward you with good; this indeed was a beneficial reminder. Subhanallah it seems that we live in a time where Parents give birth to their masters!!!! Beard baarakallahu feek, Allah tabarakallahu wa ta’ala has institute an Imam to lead Salah! The imam is there to lead , thus it is essential that we follow him and not exceed him or content with him! He(salalahu alayhi wa salam) had given permission for those being led by the Imaam to recite Soorah al-Faatihah in the loud prayers, when once: "he was praying Fajr and the recitation became difficult for him. When he finished, he said: Perhaps you recite behind your imaam. We said: " Yes, quickly139, O Messenger of Allaah." He said: Do not do so, except for [each of you reciting] the opening chapter of the Book, for the prayer is not valid of the one who does not recite it .140 Later, he forbade them from reciting in the loud prayers at all, when: "He finished a prayer in which he was reciting loudly (in one narration: it was the dawn prayer) and said: Were any of you reciting with me just now?! A man said: " Yes, I was, O Messenger of Allaah ". He said: I say, why am I contended with? [Abu Hurairah said:] So the people stopped reciting with the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) when he was reciting loudly after hearing that from him [but they recited to themselves quietly when the imaam was not reciting loudly]."141 He also made silence during the imaam's recitation part of the completeness of following the imaam, saying: The imaam is there to be followed, so when he says takbeer, say takbeer, and when he recites, be silent 142, just as he made listening to the imaam's recitation enough to not have to recite behind him, saying: He who has an imaam, then the recitation of the imaam is recitation for him143 - this applying in the loud prayers. When the imam recites Surah Fatiha out loud, it is essential that the Followers remain silent. Upon his completion, it is then compulsory that one recites surah fatiha silently . In addition when the Imam Is reciting the Second Surah, that is after Surah Fatiha(in the loud prayers), its important that the followers remain silent and do not recite along with the Imam!

Salamu alaykum wa rahmatulalhi wa baarakatu What is the Hikmaah of these fatwas that u have with you, walaal? Waaalal May Allah reward you with good It is not from the Sunnah to abridge the salam , and we All know the Hadith of the mother of the believers, Aisha (radiyallahu ‘anha),†and that which is not in accordance with our Sunnah will never be acceptedâ€(Bukhari) and Of course we should all endeavour to imitate the Messenger(salalahu alayhi wa salam) and his sahaba, not deviating from their way! The salaf use to write volumes after volumes of books, on aqeeda,fiq,hadith ect… and NEVER abbreviate the salam! Salalahu alayhi wa salam is a supplication and a form of worship, “Saw†has no significance! Furthermore, Laziness is not a virtue, rather Allah’s messenger (salalahu alayhi wa salam) used to seek refuge from it. Thus Laziness will not be an acceptable justification in front of Allah tabaraka wa ta’ala, particularly when your can “copy and paste†words at will! Would it be acceptable for us to Call our Messenger (salalahu alayhi wa salam) "MO", because we are too lazy to type out/pronounce the name… would this be acceptable? of course not since this is not his name...likewise the same rule applies to the “salam†Allahu ‘alim! and all success Lies with Allah tabaraka wa ta'laa

....Masakeen

^^ Salamu alaykum cant comfirm this...but story has it that he got his act from a former WWF wrestler...it is said that Mr Ali was a great booker, but the wrestler adviced him to act and entertain the people before and after each fight ...thus increasing his popularity! is there any truth to this?

(edit) Og girl im really sorry Wallah i apologize

SHEESH it was a simple request....no insults intended!!! i apologize if you feel other wise! Enemy of Allah tabaraka wa ta'ala/islam...dont you think that is a little bit too far...?!? how can "WE" Muslims be worst then the Kufar?!?!? I thought you were/are a Shayria student...dont they teach you anything in your little shia schools?!? :rolleyes:

^^^ RElaxxxxxxxxx and tell us who your ghost writer is!!!! :mad:

Vince Carter is pathetic!!!

^^^ should be Interesting.... i wouldnt mind hearing some of them!!

Inshalalhu ta’ala I thought of posting beneficial tips where the brothers and sisters here could immensely benefit from. Inshallah this is a form of Sadaqa in the sight of Allah ta’baaraka wa ta’ala. It is cited in a Hadith that you should save yourself from Jahaanam even if it means giving a few dry dates in charity. That is, even if you have very little, give it in charity. Do not be under the myth that you have nothing to teach or give. Inshallah for those who wish to contribute, I kindly request that your contributions are substantiated by Quran and Sunnah or scholars! Please refrain from exercising opinions! Perhaps (and the knowledge is with Allah), we may actually learn something new, and thus expanding our knowledge and understand of Allaah 'Azza wa Jal and the religion of Islam. May Allah reward you with good! My tip: We all know Salah is the second pillar of Islam, from this we understand its great importance. Thus it is very vital that we should incredibly be meticulous in understand and implementing it. From what I noticed from my daily interactions with Muslims is that they do not give great importance to the Sutrah(A Barrier Between the Person Praying and Others) when making Salah! Sutrah is obligatory, and whoever disregards it, has committed a sin. This is based on the saying of the Messenger Muhammad (salalahu alayhi wa salam),: " If any of you wish to perform Salaah, then he must perform it towards a Sutrah (ie:with a Sutrah in front of him) and draw close to it". [Aboo Daawood and Ibn Maajah..among others] And his saying: "Do not perform Salaah except that there is a Sutrah in front of you". (Muslim) Is it permissible to stay far away from it (the Sutrah)? NO! due to this hadith : " And let him draw close to the Sutrah for indeed shaytaan passes in front of him". [ibn Khuzaymah] Inshalalh you learned something NEW! ~~May Allaah have mercy upon you. Know that the Religion is what came from Allaah, the Blessed and Most High. It is not something left to the intellect and opinions of men. Knowledge it is what comes from Allaah and His Messenger and understood by Salaf, so do not follow anything based upon your desires and deviate away from the Religion and leave Islaam.

Frankly this section can be used as a means to seek nearness to Allah tabaarakallahu ta'la. A place where beneficial topics can be discussed, topics effecting women and men...but of course there are those who seek notoriety/attention from the opposite sex(if you look closely and examine all the post in this section, you'll see that the same individuals are the ones participating)makes you kinda wonder why the topics are soooooooooooooo similar... really a a waste of time though!!! “There are two blessings which many people lose: (They are) health and free time for doing good.†(Bukhari 8/421)

As I was Roaming the net...and I came across this interesting fatwah, and though I'd share it with you folks here at SOmaliaonline! Question: Is it permissible to write the letter (S) [saaw] instead of (writing) ((sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam)), and why? Response: The Sunnah is to write the entire phrase ((sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam)) - since it is a supplication; And the supplication is a (form of) worship, such as verbally saying it (the phrase), and the abbreviation for it using the letter (S) [saad] or (sallallaahu alayhi wasallam) [saad 'Ayn Waaw] (or (SAAW) or the like) is not (constitute) a supplication, and nor a (form of) worship, whether it be by speech or writing. And because of this, this abbreviation was not used by those of the first three generations about whom the Prophet (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam) bore witness to their excellence. And with Allaah lies all success and may Allaah send prayers and salutations upon our Prophet (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam) and his family and his companions. The Permanent Committee for Islaamic Research and Fataawa, comprising - Head: Shaykh 'Abdul 'Azeez Ibn Abdullaah Ibn Baaz; Member: Shaykh 'Abdur-Razzaaq 'Afeefee; Member: Shaykh 'Abdullaah Ibn Ghudayyaan; Member: Shaykh 'Abdullaah Ibn Qu'ood Fataawa al-Lajnah ad-Daa.imah lil-Buhooth al-'Ilmiyyah wal-Iftaa., - Volume 12, Page 208, Question 3 of Fatwa No.5069 source: www.fatwa-online.com QUESTION: Some people write an abbreviated version of the salaams, which is similar to "seen-raa'-baa'" in 'Arabic. They write "ws wr wb" in English. What is the ruling on this? ANSWER by Shaykh Wasee Allaah 'Abbaas, lecturer at the Ka'bah, instructor at Umm Al-Quraa University in Makkah It is not permissible to abbreviate the salaams in general in one's writing, just as it is not permissible to abbreviate the salaah and salaam on the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhe wa sallam). It is also not permissible to abbreviate either of these in one's speech. SOURCE This was translated exclusively for www.bakkah.net from a handwritten answer provided by the shaykh, file no. AAWA004, dated 1423/6/24. http://www.bakkah.net/interactive/q&a/aawa004.htm

FF I never has such trouble and all success lies with Allah Tabaaraka wa tacala. I was always fortune enough to have someone there, who to the best of their knowledge tried to answer my questions. But be that as it may, always keep in mind the saying of our Beloved Messenger (sallalahu Alayhi wa salam) (“Saying ….I DO NOT KNOW…. is half the Knowledgeâ€) You can not honestly believe that all parents know the Deen Of Al Islam !!!!

Bismillah Alhamdulillah was salatu wa salamu cala rasulilla wa cala calihi wa saxbihi wa man tabixal huda CAveman Inshallahu tacalah this helps: this book can be ordered at www.troid.org/store/books/ Essential Questions and Answers Concerning the Foundations of Eemaan (Faith) & Obstacles in the Path of Eemaan by the 'Allaamah, Imaam 'Abdur-Rahmaan as-Sa'dee "The author of this book, Questions and Answers Concerning the Foundations of Faith and the Obstacles in its Path, is the virtuous Shaykh, the scholar of Fiqh, Tafseer, and Usool, the masterful author, the great scholar of Qaseem in his era, 'Abdur-Rahmaan ibn Naasir as-Sa'dee." this book can be found here http://onlineislamicstore.com/books-belief-and-the-afterlife-aqeedah--islamic-belief-and-its-various-issues.html ~~May Allaah have mercy upon you. Know that the Religion is what came from Allaah, the Blessed and Most High. It is not something left to the intellect and opinions of men. Knowledge it is what comes from Allaah and His Messenger and understood by Salaf, so do not follow anything based upon your desires and deviate away from the Religion and leave Islaam.

^^^ LOOOOOOL

Baarakallahu feekum to those who contributed Along with Shaykh Albani, Shaykh Shayhk Muhammad Bazmool (Hafidhuhullah) professor at the Islamic university of UmmuulQur’a(KSA), and The Shaykh (Rahimullah TaCaala) ibn Hazm The noble Caalim Saleh Uthaymin (rahimullah) wrote in the following book, which is a compilation of fatawaa « Liqaa-u al babi al maftuh » volume 3, page 52, question n° 1170 heading: “"ma hukm al akalaat allati tahtawi 'ala ma yussammi bilhalaam(gelatin) indeed, the same fiqh ruling the other scholars in my initial post used is also consumed by the shaykh to substantiate his reason, he brings forth similar scenarios from the time of the the Sahaba (radi Allahou 'anhoum)( he uses the term: "kaanu ya'kuluna, which designate a recurring action to prove his view. Sheikh Ahmed Kutty(graduate of the Islamic university of Almadina(KSA) says: Gelatin is halal and there is nothing wrong with it. As for gelatin that comes from pork, it is also considered halal because even if it is made from pig it has undergone fundamental process of transformation through certain chemical changes that is called “Istihalah†in Islamic law. So, the ruling of pork does not apply to it anymore and we are still allowed to use it.†The Oxford dictionary of science states, Gelatin ‘A colourless or pale yellow, water-soluble protein obtained by boiling collagen with water and evaporating the solution. It melts when water is added and dissolves in hot water to form a solution that sets to a gel on cooling’ (page 290) GME - GELATINE MANUFACTURERS OF EUROPE Gelatine is produced in highly technological industrial installations in a complex procedure involving several stages. The input material is the connective tissue of pigs, cattle, poultry or fish. The collagen protein is removed from the pig, calf or cattle skin as well as bones and is processed to form gelatine. Gelatine the final product is a pure source of protein. 1. Pretreatment First of all, the fat and minerals are removed from the raw materials. Afterwards two different pre-treatment methods are used, depending on the raw material and on the final application of the gelatine. Alkaline Procedure: The connective tissue of cattle is highly interconnected and is therefore pre-treated with lime in a process lasting several weeks. This brings about a gentle change to the collagen structure. After this treatment, the collagen is soluble in warm water and can thus be separated from the rest of the raw material. Acid Procedure: The collagen connective tissue from pigskin is not so heavily interconnected. Here, a one-day acid treatment with subsequent neutralisation and the intensive rinsing out of the salts is sufficient to extract the collagen. 2. Extraction The pre-treated raw materials are now treated with hot drinking water and extracted in several stages. The temperature of the hot water is a parameter for the jelly strength: the lower the temperature of the water, the higher the jelly strength (Bloom value) of the extracted gelatine. 3. Cleaning The extracted solutions are freed of traces of fat and fine fibres in high-performance separators. Even the finest impurities are removed by filtration, in a similar way to the beverages industry . In a last purification stage the gelatine is freed of calcium, sodium, residual acid and other salts. 4. Thickening The gelatine solution is now concentrated in vacuum evaporators and thickened to form a honey-like solution. 5. Drying The highly concentrated gelatine solutions are sterilised, cooled, set and dried under strict hygienic conditions. In this process, “gel noodles†are formed that are ground into grains. The quality and purity of the gelatine is ensured by detailed quality control. All of these steps are indispensable for gelatine manufacture and have been used for decades to manufacture high-quality gelatine.

Asalaamu 'alaykum wa rahmathullaahi wa barakaathuhu Bismillahi wa salaatu wa salaamu 'alaa rasulillah, (Taken entirely from a dars given by Sh. Muhammad Bazmool, translated by Moosa Richardson and a fatwa given by Sh. al-Albaani) Istihala is when something becomes pure. It was najis (impure) but it is now taahir (pure). A good example would be maitah (animal carcass): it is najis, but should it be burned and become ashes, or decompose and become earth, then it is taahir, it is no longer najis. This can happen with dung or feces or whatever. Whenever something changes from one property to another, then the ruling likewise changes. Example: Let us say that someone uses the fat of a dead animal to make soap. That fat is najis, but the chemical change that it was put through makes it taahir. Ibn Hazm put it concisely when he said, "Ruling upon an object is upon what it is named (what it is), if the name (what it is) changes then so does the ruling." He also mentioned in his book of fiqh, Al-Muhalla: "If the quality of the substance of naturally impure objects changes the name which was given to it so that it is no more applicable to it and it is given a new name which is given to a pure object, so it is no more an impure thing. It becomes a new object, with a new rule." Meaning that if the natural composition of a substance changes to another substance of a different composition, so much so that you can no longer call the new substance by the name of what it was-- ruling upon that substance changes too. Proof/Example 1: The companions (radyallahu anhum) used to eat a cheese that came from the land of the disbelievers. In that cheese was a part of the calf which was slaughtered by the disbelievers in a way that is not in accordance with Islaam. The companions knew this, but they also knew that the prohibition was upon the calf, what is directly from the calf, and what could be properly called part of the calf; the ruling is not upon that which you cannot identify as part of the calf nor is it called any longer such-and-such part of the calf. This is called istihala. Proof/Example 2: Another proof from the Sunnah: The Prophet (sallallahu 'alayhi wa sallam) forbade making vinegar out of wine, but he said that if you should come across vinegar that has been made from wine then it is halaal. Why? The ruling is upon what the object is, and not what it was. Wine is haraam; vinegar is not, and before the wine became an intoxicant, it was halaal. Why? Because it was fruit before that. Proof/Example 3: Allah says in the Qur'an: "And surely there is a lesson for you in the cattle we give you to drink of what is in their bellies from between the feces and blood, pure milk, wholesome to those who drink it." (16:66) Allah is putting forth an example for us of how something pure can come from something impure. And we can also use as proof something that we've already gone over. The Prophet (sallallahu 'alayhi wa sallam) said that when the hide of maitah (the carrion) is tanned, then it is taahir. He (sallallahu 'alayhi wa sallam) gave us a method to purify something which was first impure. Let us examine things we are familiar with: mono and diglycerides, whey, gluten, emulsifiers, gelatin, and whatever else is on the international haraam list. These by-products sometimes come from animals, pigs even, in which case the ruling on the initial substances is that they are haraam. But the initial substances (e.g. fat, marrow, cartilage, etc.) are put through chemical change so that you no longer can even call it "pig fat" or "animal bone" or "skin" or "cartilage", etc. because it is no longer that, hence it is taahir, it is halaal. What is gelatin? As Oxford dictionary of science defines: "A colorless or pale yellow, water-soluble protein obtained by boiling collagen with water and evaporating the solution. It melts when water is added and dissolves in hot water to form a solution that sets to a gel on cooling." (page 290) Is this a chemical change or is this not a chemical change? Is it protein any longer? No, it is not. You are in disbelief so you ask, "But how can it be halaal when it came from something haraam?" Because of the proofs mentioned above, the ruling is not based upon what it was, the ruling is based upon what it is. A Hanafi scholar, Ibn Abedin gave the example: "the swine which drowns in a salt lake and decomposes and becomes salt itself, is now halaal." And other Hanafi scholars go on to say: "salt is different from meat and bones. If they become salt, they are salt." To take the salt example further: salt consists of sodium chloride (NaCl) when together they are the halaal food known as salt, when separated they make up two poisonous substances which are then haraam for consumption. The ahnaaf (Hanafis) also use as an example the human semen, saying that it is najis, then when it inseminates the egg and becomes a blood clot it is still najis, but when it becomes flesh it is no longer najis. And the ahnaaf are not the only ones who take this position. The examples are numerous and they extend beyond food: Yesterday a man was kaafir and going towards Hell, today he is Muslim, so what is the ruling upon him? It is based upon what he is today. We must be careful when we call things haraam because it is a form of thulm (oppression). Scholars have said that it is worse that you make something halaal to haraam rather than making something haraam to halaal. This deen Allah has made yusr (easy) let us not make it 'usr (hard). Wallahu 'Alim. Khadhr As-somali al athari Subhaanakallaah humma wa bi Hamdika Ashadu allaa ilaha illa ant, astaghfiruka wa atooba ilayk

Relax, U had your pms for a lil too long, when does it end? Saxib Totti i cant believe u tolerate this crap.... Saxib command the good and forbid evil! Dont understand why his post is still there!!!!Errrm?!? :confused: :mad: Moderator's dont operate on the site 24/7 saxiib, i dont like the personal attacks on there in the first place aswell. However i mentioned again in my last post that it is the responsibility of the Nomds to behaviour as adults and treat each other with respect, otherwise those offenders will be delt with accordingly. [ December 01, 2004, 01:31 PM: Message edited by: Totti ]

^^^ Erhmm Pistons?!? Ya habibi What world do u live in? this is not the 2003/2004 season, Your comebacks were good, Brejran there you were dishing out some letal comebacks and im like rooting for you and stuff, im sure it was slip up of the tongue! you must Meant the Raptors...ya ya im sure of it... who BTW are now officially in first place, BOOYA mo faya mo fiyah!!!! we are on a one game winning streak who can stop us habibi?

Salafi: Never went to his durus (was it mixed btw), but I've attended some lectures of his when I was a kid myself. Never imagined he'd pack his bags n' move to the motherland He specialises in Taarikh(history) the bulk of his Durus revolved around the Seerah of the messenger(saw). Motherland? Are you originally from South Africa? Perhaps your referring to Africa as whole!

Salamu alaykum wa rahmatullahi wa baarakatu I believe the dates have changed, the events fall on christmas eve and christmas day!(DEC 24 & 25) AbdulHakim Quick and Bilal Philips will be at hand! i remember when i was like 10 I use to Attain AbdulHakeem's durus! Wonder if they're still potent!

Am not sure if you are access to the features but Please feel free to modify the title, if not I welcome the Admins here to change the Title to what you have suggested! Rudy This name made the list: Shaykh Muhammad ibn 'Abdullaah as-Sumaalee I really like Booqol som(rahimullah), my Somali is Weak so its rather difficult to comprehend him at times but boy how I adore his fiery speeches.

The noble Mayshaykh are not in a particular order of status. The reason the 4 mayshakh are at the head of the list is simply because I was trying out this new feature where you can highlight the Shaykh’s name and upon clicking It, it would take you to a webpage. The Mashaykh who are highlighted are contemporary scholars who are perhaps unknown to all, for the exception of a few nomads. They have a chance to view their bios and if Allah permits read up on some of their works. Due to time constraint I was not able to carry out this task for each scholar. Had I intended to place them in a particular order of Status Ibn Rajab Al-Hanbalee and ibn taymiyah would be at the forefront! But by no means is the list complete these are just several of the Mayshaykh ( mostly contemporaries) who happened to have a WebPages devoted to them. As for your list Ya akhee, am sure they were in good faith, but how can Ibn Tayymiyah be the “Overall greatest scholar of Islam of all time†He was no doubt a vessel of knowledge, the destroyer of Ahlul Bid’ah but AsXabul Hadith from the 3rd generation alone exceed him by far! Ibn Taymiyah was not from the best 3 generation (i.e Salaf us Salih) who happen to the best of the people. “Al-Thawri for us was the Imam of all the people…. Sufyan in his time was like Abu Bakr and ‘Umar in theirs.†(Bishr al-H. afi) “I never saw a man who follows the Sunna more rigorously or in whose body I would love to be more than Sufyan al-Thawri.†(Al-Shafi‘i) “Sufyan is the ‘Alim of the Umma and its Worshipper†(Al-Muthanna ibn al-S. abbah.). be that as it may, it was not my intention to presenting these Noble Ulama in a specific order of status, I revere and honour them all and their hard work. It never crosses my mind to say this Shaykh is better then this shaykh(they specialize in their own specific fields) ! If they traverse on the path of the Salaf us Salih and they fight innovation and their people, they hold a special place in my heart!

A fitnah perhaps, but it’s far from being an attack or a slander! IF someone came here and posted something about AbdulWahhab, or the Wahhabis (seen so many times) in this case their assertions would be either right or wrong, so we scrutinize their post, if it’s irrefutable we accept and submit to their assertions or ignore them, however if our findings prove otherwise then their post is open to discussion. If one has the ability to refute and dispel his rhetoric, we engage him and try to refute his points (in an handsome manner ofcourse) so if his work is proven wrong then it’s imperative that we label his work slanderous and Malicious! Finally saxib( I know Ngonge said this already but its worth a mention) this is a public board, you can not sensor the opinions of others because you simply do not agree with what they said about someone !You know some of the nomads here have expressed their position on the wahhabi/salafi group, they are free to express their feelings, however if I find the urge to entertain their opinions I do so, if not I don’t really care what some wise guy says about salafiyah let him sink in his ignorance! Hope you take the same approach the wiser and safer approach! i say this so that in the near future you do not become another Sahal! Safe yourself the trouble saxib, this is cyber space after all!!!!

Ngonge ya habibi perhaps you say this in spite, or it is one of your usual rants, but cutting and pasting the works of my superiors is indeed a praiseworthy act! You should try it sometimes, that way your depressing opinions wouldn’t be flimsier then a spider’s quarters! “ So ask the People of Knowledge if you do not know [surah 21:7]. This ayah is for all the parrots like myself, Alhamdulillah, im sure your above it though! Ya Allah, hii ni kama kupigia mbuzi guitar! You still don't get the point do you? At some point in my life, I used to be like you, criticising Islamic scholars, thinkers, intellectuals, Muftis etc., call them what you want here. I used to criticise people like Muhammad ibn AbdulWahhab, ibn Baaz, Al-Albanee et al. and all "my words" were from other very distinguished scholars. I found solace in the fact that I wasn't actually the one criticising them (that scholars with immense credentials had done the job for us), the same defense you are using here on these boards. (edit) agreed; i respect that, however you can not blame others if they do not follow your Footsteps! if they decide to speak of others using the Scholars speech! What is the purpose of an Islamic Fatawa? Is it for the commoners or the scholars? What is the purpose of scholars authoring refutations since the general masses cannot utilize them, because according to you they would be committing an enormous sin(slandering others)? Viking could it be that the scholars who write refutation only do so for their own sake, whereby no one else profit? Do you not see how senseless this view is? Saxib I commend you for the following words, had you pen them when you first decided take a ride in this threat, our little skirmish would have ended awhile back! But your appalling (will not say accusation) but Gross misunderstanding began a game of tennis! you see my dear brother you accused me of a great offence that I did not appreciate! “But I'd like to believe that I am wiser now for I abtsain from indulging in such discussions because they aren't in my (or anyone's) interest. That it only causes division, hatred and unecessary friction between Muslims. If you want to keep on doing what you are doing, that's upto you mate.â€