^^ wa kow and what has befallen on the Somali people bal ino yara faah faahi taas che

Che i never pretend Xaaji is the realest , unlike faroole who utters some empty threats

Che dee it can be a guri SNM ,the SNM were the host as the SNM held a peace reconciliation conference in the early 90s in ceerigaabo similar to the one of burco inviting all the people from Maakhir and sool. to discuss peace and stability. Somalina Nassir is a resident to his sultan took part of the ceerigabo peace reconcilation conference hosted by the SNM;)

salaax maba oga zack ceerigabo inu guri SNM yahay oo 1991 la xoreyey lol

shacabka may u tudhan both alshabaab and Amisom should stop fighting in civilian populated areas

Somaliland basically surrounded Buhoodle and cleaned the last insurgents From the buhoodle district just today , Somaliland captured laascanood in 2007 and we still did not hear from the Pirate state after 4 years. other then emotional outburst From Faroole today , I say Bring it on are you ready dukey

Bring it on;)

So Mr sakin wants to run for president;) what's the response From Sh dalxiis and Mr cheese? But if the mandate of the TFG Is running out in august. They should organize elections this TFG was not that succesful so there should be another alternative

haye hada ma waxay raban inay sh dalxiis iyo mr cheese u kordhiyan, for how long

indeed ilahay ha u naxarsito wixi dhimatay

Taliska Guud Ee Ciidanka Qaranka Somaliland Oo Sheegtay In Ciidanka Qaranku Uu Gacanta Ku Dhigay 20 Maxbuus Iyo Laba Gaadhi Dagaalkii Saaka Ka Dhacay Deegaanka Kalshaale. Hargeysa (Ramaas) Feb. 20, 2011- taliska guud ee ciidanka qaranka Somaliland, ayaa sheegtay in ciidanka qaranku ay gacanta ku dhigeen 20 maxbuus oo ka tirsan jabhada falaagada ah, isla markaana ay daagaalkii ka dhacay jiida Kalshaale ku qabsadeen laba gaadhi oo ah kuwa dagaalka. Afhayeen u hadlay ciidanka qaranka Somaliland oo lagu magacaabo Xasan Cabdi Yuusuf oo maanta shir jaraa’id ku qabtay Magaalada Hargeysa, ayaa sheegay in dagaalkii saaka dhacay ay gacanta ku dhigeen maxaabiis tiradooda lagu qiyaasay ilaa labaatan maxbuus iyo laba gaadhi oo laga qabsaday kooxda nabad diidaka ah ee dagaalka hubaysan kula jirta Somaliland, waxaana uu afhayeenku sheegay in ciidanka ay qabsadeen dhammaanba goobihiii uu dagaalku ka dhacay, isla markaana ay qarka u saaran yihiin Magaalada Buhuudle. Afhayeenku waxa uu ka gaabsaday in uu sheego tirada dhimashada iyo dhaawaca ee labada dhinac soo kala gaadhay.

Wararkii ugu Danbeeyay ee Dagaalkii saaka ka dhacay Deegaanka Buuhoodle iyo Ciidanka Qaranka Xadka ka saaray Maleeshiya Beeleedka SSC. Ciidanka Booliska Somaliland ayaa cagta mariyay maleeshiyo beeleedka SSC oo saaka Weerer ku soo qaaday Wararka naga Soo gaadhaya Deegaanka Hagoogane iyo Maygaagle ayaa la sheegaya in abaaro saaka 5:00 Am Subaxnimo Dagaal balaadhan ka bilaabmay halkaasi dagaalkaasi oo u dhexeeya Ciidanka Qaranka somaliland iyo maleeshiyo beeleedka nabad diidka ee SSC ee ka dagaalama deegaanka buuhoodle ayaa mar kale saaka dib uga qarxay halkaasio. Ciidanka Booliska Somaliland ayaa cagta mariyay maleeshiyo beeleedka SSC oo saaka Weerer ku soo qaaday Fadhiisimadda Ciidanka Qaranka Somaliland kuwaasi oo la sheegay in laga qabtay maxaabiis gaadhaysa 20 maxbuus, khasaare kalena la soo gaadhsiiyay, laba baabuurna laga qabsaday sida uu sheegay Agaasimaha Guud ee Wasaaradda Warfaafinta Somaliland Faysal Cali sheikh oo u hadlay Somaliland. Afhayeenka Ciidanka Qaranka Somaliland Xasan Cabdi yuusuf iyo Agaasimaha warfaafinta Faysal Cali Sheekh oo maanta shirjaraa,id ku qabtay magaaladda Hargeisa ayaa sheegay in Maleeshiya Beeleedka SSC ee Xidhiidhka la leh Argagixisada ay Weerar ku soo qaadeen ciidanka Qaranka somaliland iyaga oo xusay in Ciidanku iska Difaaceen isla markaana khasaare soo gaadhsiiyeen maleeshiyadda nabad diidka ah ee rabshadaha dagaal ka wada deegaanadda buuhoodle, waxa kale oo ay intaasi ku dareen in Dagaalku illaa hadda Socdo Ciidanka Qarankuna ka saareen Xuduuda somaliland maleeshiyadda nabad diidka ah ee ku sugnaa deegaanadaasi. Warar ka imanaya Deegaanka Buuhoodle ayaa sheegay in la keenay dhawaac gaadhaya illaa afar qof oo ka tirsan maleeshiyadda SSC ee saaka dagaalka soo qaaday iyada illaa hadda Dagaalku socdo ayaanay cadayn khasaaraha dhabta ah ee uu gaystay dagaalkaasi. Dagaalkan oo la isku Adeegsanayo hub calculus sida ay sheegayaan wararka naga soo gaadhaya deegaanadaasi ayaan la garanayn halka ay ku danbayn doonaan iyada oo wararku sheegayaan in khasaaruhu intaa ka balaadhanyahay, Wixii warar ah ee ka soo kordha kala soco Gabiley News

Dagaalkii kalshaale oo Istaagay iyo Khasaaraha Dhimasho iyo Dhaawac ee uu Sababay. Sunday, 20 February 2011 Burco-(Togdheernews.com)-Dagaalkii ka Socday Deegaanka Kalshaale ayaa Hadda istaagay,kaasoo ahaa mid aad u Culus la iskuna Adeegsanaayey Hubka Noocyadiisa Kala Duwan, Socdayna Muddo saacado Badan Ah. Khasaaraha Soo gaadhay dhinaca Ciidanka Qaranka Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliland ayaa lagu sheegay 2 dhimasho ah iyo 6 Dhaawac ah. Sidoo kale waxa Ciidanka Qaranku sheegeen inay Maleeshiyadda ka qabteen Hal Baabuur oo Waarad ah oo ay u Saarnaayeen Rasaas iyo Raashin, isla markaana ay ka gubeen Hal Baabur oo Tikniko ah, kana Qabteen 5 Maxbuus. Dhinaca Buhoodle ayaa Wararka ka imanaaya sheegayaan in la gaadhsiiyey 4 Dhaawac, ilaa hadda lama oga Khasaaraha Dhimashadda ee soo gaadhay Dhinacooda. Wixii Warar ee ka soo kordha kala soco Togdheernews

Dagaal aad culus oo ka socda Deegaanka Kalshaale Hagoogane Iyo Meegaagle Lasanod Online Sunday, February 20, 2011 Buhoodle,(Lasanod Online)-Dagaal aad u culus ayaa waxuu ka socdaa nawaaxiga Baliga kalshaale, dagaalkan oo la isku adeegsaday hubka culus ayaa wuxuu ku bilowday weeraro ay soo qaadeen Ciidamada somaliland oo ku gaashaman tikniko culus iyadoo madaafiicda la is weydaarsanayay laga maqlayay gudaha magaalada buuhoodle Ciidanka somaliland ayaa subaxnimadii hore waxay weerar ku soo qaadeen degaanada hagoogane iyo meegaagle weerarkaasi oo ahaa gaadmo ayaan ciidanka somaliland u suurta galin inay qabsadaan hagoogane iyo meegaagle Ilaa iyo hadda waxaa la maqlayaa daryanka Madaaficda culus oo halkaasi ka dhaceysa, waxaana dhici karta in qasaare badan ka dhasho dagaalkan oo ah mid xoogan Dagaalkan saaka ayaa imanaya xili maamulka somaliland uu sheegay inuu dib oga baxay deegaanka kalshaale taas oo noqotay mara habaabin uu ku doonayay inuu dhul kale qabsado xidhiidh ay la sameysay shabakadda lasanod Online Col Cali Sabarey ayaa noo sheegay inay dib u celiyeen ciidamadii somaliland ee saaka soo duulay islamarkaana xiligan uu sheegay inay ku sugan yihiin Hagoogane

danka Somaliland Oo Khasaare Laxaadle Gaadhsiiyay Maleeshiyada Nabad diidka ah Ee Buuhoodle February 20th, 2011 Buuhoodle (Somaliland.Org)- Ciidamada qaranka Somaliland ee jiidaa deegaanka Buuhoodle ayaa jabiyay kooxda nabad diidka ah ee qalalaasaha ka wada deegaanadaasi oo saaka soo weeraray laba fadhiisan oo ay degan yihiin Ciidammadda qaranku, sidaasi waxa sheegay Afhayeen u hadlay ciidanka oo la yidhaahdo Xasan Cabdi Yuusuf. Xasan Cabdi Yuusuf, oo shir jaraa’id ku qabtay xarunta Wasaarada Warfaafinta wuxuu ku eedeeyay kooxdaasi nabad diidka ahi inay soo weerareen ciidanka qaranka waxaanu yidhi “Abaaro 5:30 subaxnimo ayay kooxda nabad diidka ahi soo weerareen ciidanka qaranka laba fadhiisin oo ay degan yihiin waxaan idiin sheegayaa in lagu jabiyay maleeshiyaddii dagaalka soo qaaday waxaanu ka qabanay laba Baabuur oo tikniko waa la iskala tagay Hagoogle iyo maygaagle waxay Ciidanka qaranku hadda marayaan duleedka magaalada Buuhoodle.” “Waxa kale oo aanu qabanay 20 maxbuus oo uu ku jiro laba wiil oo uu dhalay ninka la yidhaahdo dhalbac ee dhawaan la goostay sadex baabuur oo tikniko ah oo uu markii hore ka soo soo goostay Puntland,”ayuu yidhi Afhayeenka u hadlayay ciidanka qaranku waxaanu ku dooday inaanay jirin dhimasho ah oo soo gaadhay ciidanka qaranka. Sidoo kale, Agaasimaha Guud ee wasaarada Warfaafinta iyo wacyi-gelinta Somaliland Md. Faysal Cali Sheekh, oo ka hadlay shirkaasi jaraa’id ayaa ammaan u soo jeediyay ciidanka qaranka oo uu ku bogaadiyay geesinimada iyo tallaabooyinka ay ka qaadeen kooxda nabad diidka ah ee soo weerartay. Md. Faysal Cali Sheekh wuxuu intaasi ku daray in ciidamada qaranku aanay wax dhibaato ah u geysanayn dadweynaha ku dhaqan jiidaha ay dagaaladdu ku dhex marayaan ciidamada qaranka iyo kooxaha nabad diidka ah. Dhinaca kale, Agaasimaha guud waxa uu sheegay inay dhawr askari ka dhaawacmeen ciidanka qaranka, hase yeeshee aanu jirin cid dagaalkaasi ku dhinteen. Goob joogeyaal ku sugan magaalada Buuhoodle, ayaa sheegay in la geeyay magaaladaasi dhawr qof oo dhaawac ah, qaar kalena la soo wado.

General Duke;696318 wrote: ^^^Thankfull the secessionists are scared to death.. About what two clan states making peace talking about their airport revenues loool;)

On the contrary Somaliland even suggested to hold a peace conference for Somalia in our country. So we are not against peace initiatives taken by the leaders of your country. Our govt just made it clear that these kind of peace conference's does not concern us Somaliland and Somalilanders since we are not part of Somalia or its problems we wish them all the best luck they can get with their peace process.

Thankful and why would you invite Somaliland are you going to invite Ethiopia Kenya and yemen aswell. The reconciliation conference is for Somalia and it concerns Somalia not Ethiopia not yemen not Somaliland not Djibouti not kenya. it's an internal issue

Waxaanu Muhiim U Aragnaa In Lala Shaqeeyo Somaliland Oo Ah Dawladd Guulaysatay, Oo Dimuquraadi Ah Oo Dadkeedu Si Dhab Ah Awooda Ugu Igmadeen, Oo Yool Isku Mid Ahna Ay Leeyihiin” Wasiir ku xigeenka Arrimaha Dibada Norway Espen Barth Edie “Waxaanu Ka Codsanay In Ardayda Jaamacdaha Ka Soo Baxaysa Shaqooyin Loo Abuuro, Ardayda Dugsiyada Sare Ka Soo Baxana Waxbarasho Jaamacadeed Lagu Jiheeyo” Guddoomiyaha Wakiilada C/raxmaan Cirro Hargeysa, February, 19, 2011 (Haatuf) - Wasiir ku xigeenka Arrimaha Dibada dalka Norway Espen Barth Edie oo booqasho hal maalin ah ku yimid shalay caasimada Somaliland ee Hargeysa ayaa sheegay in kaalmo dhaqaale oo dhinaca horumarka ah ay ku caawin doonaan Somaliland, kaas oo tilmaamay inay u arkaan dal Dimuqraadi ah oo wax badan ka qabsaday haykalkooda dawladdnimo iyo nidaamka doorashooyinka xorta ah. Mr Espen Barth Edie ayaa intaa ku daray in xidhiidh toos ah ay la yeelan doonaan dawladda Somaliland, isla markaana ay sii kordhin doonaan Kaalmooyinka dhaqaale ee ay u fidiyaan Mashaariicda Horumarka ee Somaliland. Wasiir ku xigeenka Arrimaha Dibada Dalka Norway Espen Barth Edie waxa uu sidaasi ka sheegay shir jaraa’id oo ay shalay wadajir ugu qabteen isaga iyo Guddoomiyaha golaha wakiilada Somaliland Md C/raxmaan Maxamed Cabdilaahi (Cirro) xarunta golaha Wakiilada. “Socdaalkayga Somaliland aanu ku nimid aniga iyo Waftigaygu Waxaanu doonaynaa inaanu muujino siyaasadayada aanu u naqaano ta labada dhinac leh ee aanu kula macaamilayno Somalia gabi ahaanteedba, taas oo aan kula shaqaynayno dawladda ku meel gaadhka ee Muqdisho iyo qaybaha kale ee dalka oo aanu yiqiinsano hab dhaqanka wanaagsan ee dawlada Somaliland, waxaanu kordhin doonaa kaalmada dhaqaale ee aanu siino iyo iskaashiyada kala duwan ee naga dhexeeya ee danta labada dhinac-na ku jirto, socdaalka aanu Somaliland ku nimid aniga iyo Waftigaygu, waxaanu rajaynaynaa inuu midho dhal noqon doono” Wasiir ku xigeenka Arrimaha Dibada Norway Espen Barth Edie, isagoo ka hadlaya mawqifka ay ka taagan yihiin aqoonsi ay Somaliland u fidiyaan, waxa uu yidhi “Halkan umaanu iman inaanu aqoonsi u fidino madaxbanaanida Somaliland, taasina waa mid u taala dhinacyada kale inay go’aan ka gaadhaan, waxaanu rumaysanahay-na nidaamka Fadaraalka Somalia, laakiin waxaanu muhiim u aragnaa in lala shaqeeyo Somaliland oo ah dawlad guulaysatay, oo Dimuquraadi ah oo dadkeedu si dhab ah awooda ugu igmadeen, oo yool isku mid ahna ay leeyihiin dadkii aqoonta lahaa, taasina waa mid ka maqan dalal badan oo African ah, oo dadkii lagag adkaaday ay u dhaafeen inay kuwii kale la wareegaan, mana ah inay tahay dawlad dadka ka wakiil ah, laakiin waa dawlad wax tar leh oo taageero u baahan, mana aha in taageeradaasi ay mar walba noqoto in loo aqoonsado dal madaxbanaan, laakiin se waxa uu noqon karaa in xidhiidh toos ah ay la yeelato Norway, taas oo qayb ka ah Istartajiyada guud ee aanu ka leenahay Somalia, waxaananu rajaynaynaa in Somaliland ay tusaale lagu daydo u noqon karayso dhamaanba qaybaha kale ee Somalia” Dhinaca kale waxa isaguna halkaasi ka hadlay Guddoomiyaha golah Wakiilada Somaliland C/raxmaan Cirro, waxaana ka mid ahaa hadaladiisii “Sida aad la socotaan waxa maanta Somaliland soo booqday Wafti heer sare ah oo uu hogaaminayo Wasiir ku xigeenka Wasaarada Arrimaha Dibada ee dalka Norway, siduu Wasiirk ku xigeenku sheegayna `waa Sarakii heer siyaasadeed ee ay ku yimaadaan Somaliland, inkastoo Norway ka mid ahayd wadamadii Somaliland caawinayay ilaa intii Somalilan jirtay ama si dadban ha u caawiso ama si toos ahba ha u caawiso waxay ka qayb qaadatay habkii aynu ku samaynay Dimuquraadiyada ama Mashruucii Dimuquraadiyada Somaliland, waxay ka qayb qaadatay Mashruuc kasta oo ay Somaliland EU-du ay siiso Somaliland oo ay ka mid tahay dhismaha Gurigan Baarlamaanka iyo kii horeba, waxa kale oo aad la socotaan inuu wadanka ay joogan Norwegian Refugee Council oo iyaguna Somaliland ka caawiya dhinaca waxbarashada iyo Caafimaadka, Wasiirku waxa uu sheegay inay Somaliland hadda caawin doonaan oo ay samay doonaan iyaga iyo dawladaha kale waxa la yidhaahdo (Trust Fan) caawimo toos ah oo Somaliland toos loogu caawinayo lacag loogu ururiyo meel dabadeedna si Somaliland loogu caawiyo, Wasiirka waxaanu uga waranay taariikhda Somaliland, waxaanu uga waranay inaanay kaalimo ka helin caalamka, waxaanu ku boorinay in horumarinta aad iyo aad looga caawiyo Somaliland si loo abuuro shaqo, gaar ahaan dhalinyarada Somaliland oo aan helin Jaamacado shaqo-na aan haynin, markaa si loo jiheeyo dhalinyarada Somaliland ee sannad walba ka soo baxaysa dugsiyada sare, waxaanu in kaalmada laga caawiyo Somaliland, waxa kale oo aanu ka codsanay wadanka Norway oo siyaabaha qaarkood uga madaxbanaan dalalka kale ee Yurub inay ku dhiiradaan inay Somaliland Ictiraadkeeda iyo horumarkeeda ka shaqayso”.

Wafti Norwaygiyan ah oo dhawaan Booqasho ku tagay somaliland oo la sheegay inay Booqdeen Budhcad badeed ku xidhan xabsiga dhexe ee Hargeisa. Wararkan naga soo gaadhaya magaalada Haregeysa ee Caasimada Somaliland ayaa la sheegaya in dhowaan GNS.Wafti Norwaygiyana oo dhawaan Booqasho ku tagay somaliland ayaa waxaa ka soo baxaya warar sheegaya in ay booqasho ku tageen xabsiga dhexe ee ku yaal Magaalada hargaysa halkaa soo ay ku booqdeen budhcadbadeed xabsigaa ku xidhan, Wararkan naga soo gaadhaya magaalada Haregeysa ee Caasimada Somaliland ayaa la sheegaya in dhowaan ay halkaasi booqdeen Saraakiil ka trisan ka tirsan wasaaradda arrimaha dibadda Norway, waxeyna kormeer ku tageen xabsi ay dayactir ku sameeyeen oo ku yaal gudaha magaalada, ugana talo galeen in lagu hayo budhcad-badeeda soomaalida. Wararka hordhac ah ayaa sheegaya in Saraakiishan norwijiga ee xabsiga soo kormeeray uu hogaaminayay ninka lagu magacaabo Espen Barth Eide ayaa halkaasi kula kulmay in ka badan 70-burcad-badeed kuwaasoo Somaliland horay loogu wareejiyay, qaarna ay iyagu qab-qabteen. Dowladd Norway ayaa sanadkiiba ugu talo gashay Soomaaliya caawimaad ahaan 250 milyan oo lacagta norwijiga ah, waxaana 80-milyan oo lacagtaasi ah la siiyaa Xukuumada Somaliland iyadoo loo mariyo Qaramada Midoobay. Booqashada dowladda Norway ee Hargeysa ayaa kusoo beegmeysa xilli uu milkiile maraakiib ku leh dalka Norway uu soo jeediyay in budhcad-badeeda soomaalida lagu dilo isla goobta lagu qabto si ay howlaha budhcad-badeednimo u yadhaadaan, waxaana arrintani ay ka dhex dhalisay dalka Norway doodo adag, iyadoo lagu eedeeyay Milkilahaasi cunsurinimo fogaatay kiiyoo kacabsi qaba in maruun ay haleelidoon maraakiibta uu leeyahay ninkaa norwaygia ah budhcadbadeedu.

Taleexi;696146 wrote: The said man is free and strolling on the boulevards of Galkacayo as we speak off. baritoole uun yaan adeero la xidhin:D

He raised some excellent points from past present and future. But koonfurians have difficulties comprehending how a well functioning state past has a great impact on their future. For instance the road to peace and stability and certainly the democratisation process started during the SNM days.

General Duke;696279 wrote: No wonder you was screaming and shouting old Xaji. Puntland & Galmudug have rattled the secessionist by the announcement, imagine what Siilanyu and Co will do when the meeting kicks of? What can two clan states achieve i mean you still have Alshabaab sitting in Mogadisho. As for Somaliland it's just making things clear for the koonfurians if you want to organize a peace reconciliation conference for your country then do it, but it simply does not concern us. So don't invite us thats all good luck

is this a message to Mr Buhuku Bahaka the leader of Amisom forces in Somalia

Let us get some preliminaries out of the way. These days it is very common to present democracy as a value of western civilization and proselytize it as such. Some of us, therefore, reject it and thereby throw the baby out with the bath water. On the contrary, democracy is a human experimentation and arises out of the human condition. Thus while its forms and expressions may vary according to time and place the essential content points to the same need of justice and participation in decision-making. We have seen how our nomadic culture had an essential democratic content. The same is true of sedentary African traditions. We must remember that the phenomenon of a single all powerful dictator relying on military or a one-party machine is a post-colonial product. The typical African chief could ignore the advice of the tribal council only at his own peril. Moreover, there is the other tendency of juxtaposing Islam and democracy as opposing tenants. We Muslims know better. We know that the achievement of justice (Al-‘Adala) and decision-making in common (shuura) are important components of Islam. Let us remember a moment in the ‘sirat’ of the prophet (peace be upon him) when the Muslims were defeated the prophet (PBUH) himself was wounded. It was a moment of frustration, confusion and despondency. The following verse of the Quran was then revealed. And by the Mercy of Allah, you dealt with them gently. And had you been sever and harsh-hearted, they would have broken away from about you; so pass over their faults and ask Allah’s Forgiveness for them; and consults them in the affairs. Then when you have taken a decision, put your trust in Allah, certainly Allah loves those who put their trust in Him.” (Al ‘Imran 159) Here we have in a nutshell the essentials of democratic governance: tolerance, magnanimity, dialogue, consistency, after the dialogue, in the rule of Law. The practical application of these principles is subject to ‘Al-Ijtihad’—which is the process of research and experimentation subject to time and place. The primary task now is to consolidate the achievements, correct the shortcomings and move foreword. The broad view is to recognize the indivisible three-dimensional nature of our democracy: Somali tradition, Islamic faith, and the requirements of a modern state. If in 1993, the swing of the pendulum shifted to the extremity of relying solely on the traditional side, we should now avoid the other extremity of unutilizing traditional leadership. The heavy cost of zigzags can be avoided with the help of foresight. That is why the election of the Guurti according to universal suffrage will be a step backward. The Guurti then will no longer be a Guurti , but a replication of the House of Representatives. The implementation of the constitutional requirement of the election of the Guurti while keeping its essence as representing traditional leadership is the critical issue before us now. This cannot be resolved through the present Guurti handling its own judgment of itself. This would be a travesty of justice. The issue should be as was our custom, resolved through debate and compromise, and then a special law passed as required by the constitution. Resolving this, however, does not mean that our road to democratic construction is completed. The meaning of democracy is not confined to the election of bodies and persons who would rule (or misrule) us for a number of years. This is only the skeleton, which we have to clothe with flesh and breathe life into it. To be effective in the long run, that is to say constant with development and freedom, our democracy has to also be participatory and transparent. To ensure this requires , in addition to the independence of the judiciary and the media, a full decentralization , internal democracy of the political parties and autonomous professional and non-governmental bodies. Let us look at some of these in turn. With major decision-making in the center leads to lopsided development. This is a curse in Third Word countries. We already see the beginning of that tendency in Somaliland with Hargeisa towering over the rest of the country. This is not the fault of the people of Hargeisa or a deliberate decision of the Central Government to favor Hargeisa. Uneven development is a systemic matter and must be fought systemically. It would be shameful if we replicate what we rebelled against. The genuine meaning of decentralization is clear: more power, decision-making and resources have to be devolved to the regions and localities. All persons holding positions of responsibility, aside from civil servants, have to be elected. This power to the regions and localities as well as their relationship with the center will have to be elaborated, after debate, in legislation. We have already taken some good steps in this direction which need to be more systemized. The political parties, whatever their number, must also be decentralized internally democratic. While each party is entitled to have its own rules, regulations and disciplinary measures, there are general matters that need to be legislated such as: membership rights, periodic elections at all levels and rules concerning them, the relationship between the center and the localities and legal procedures in case of disputes. Democracy at the party level is an essential building block of democracy at the national level at large. If members of the party are not able to elect their leaders (at all levels) freely and democratically, then national elections themselves would be tantamount to a farce. This is the responsibility of all present party activists, especially the leaders. Any party that blazes the way in this field (for we all know that this is something new to us) will not only be morally unassailable, but will be building its own future capacity to rule better. There are many other interlocking issues and factors involved in building a viable democratic society enshrined in the Islamic faith such as the role of economic organizations, professional and other autonomous bodies, morality, and education. These matters as well as foreign relations are not discussed here. Time and space do not allow me to do so. I hope others will. I simply concentrated on the dynamics of internal political development. It is clear that we are at a critical juncture. We have made good progress, despite some setbacks and gained a lot of experience. But, there is still a long way to go and many tasks ahead. I have tried to show what some of these tasks are within the context of our history, culture and faith. The reconciliation, peace and stability, of which we are so proud can be in danger unless they are continuously nurtured and made permanent. This will be difficult if we are unable to deliver the goods in terms of good governance and development. I am confident that with perseverance, tolerance and cooperation, success will be ours. And we have the opportunity to succeed. But if, God forbid, we fail this historical duty then future generations will have to shoulder it, for life’s struggles continue. But, then remember, history will judge us very harshly.