Professor Ghedi: Bearing the Burden of Abdirizaq Hassan Jurinle’s Watchful Espionage Eyes To the human standard, Ghedi must be either a gullible or a patient man. Not only does he is patient but he has also lost some of his prides and sense to resist the encroachment of his rights and the defense of his dwindling private space that to breathe it. I’m not constantly conferred the title of Professorship or a head of government, but I must admit that, I constantly feel sorry for what Professor Ghedi is going through coupled with his reasonless, outstanding patient and tenacity to be a prisoner of his own making. Some people question, how Ghedi feels when he is monitored his daily and nightly route activities by a minister, whom he suppose to be monitoring his activities rather than-he (the Prime Minister) being monitored round the clock. Some people feel uneasy and astonished how Ghedi became a prisoner of his own making. Many of Ghedi’s foes and friends have equally sensed the insecurity and the lack masculinity of Professor’s words, acts and overall his political and social performances. Has Ghedi lost the sense and the concept to understand who is friend and who is enemy? It seems Ghedi has one eye and one ear in which he hears and sees the faults of his own constituent groups. Ghedi is being convinced, told and encouraged to regard his people and territories of his ancestors as his enemies and not allies. As a prime minister, Ghedi should be giving orders and doing the watching over his ministers’ activities but not other way round. But as it all seems Ghedi likes to concede over his minister (Abdirizaq Hassan Jurinle’s) watchful eyes of monitoring his activities, words, works, movements; and what Ghedi does or does not, what Ghedi says or does not say it in private and in public. What policies Ghedi does execute domestically, and internationally. What agreements Ghedi signs on behalf of Somalia, what foreign aid Ghedi receives or promised to be given long term and short terms basis. Ghedi must be a wounded and an unfortunate technocrat who has not so far grasped the political scheming, art of its unkindness and its dirty crafts. One wonders how many months or years does Ghedi need to be a seasoned politician, agile and fearsome street fighter and politically robust, instead of acting as a controlled robot machine. One wonders too when Ghedi shall be free? If he does not feel free in his own home territories, where will he be feel free? One would have been sympathetic to his predicaments and pitiful if professor Ghedi was confined in hostile territory of North Western Somali-cities like Bossasao, Garowe or northern Galkaio. How Ghedi allows himself to be constantly informed how to behave, act, talk, misused, and bears 24 hours under the microscope of the career corrupted and double dealer of international mafia and the trusted hand and blood related of Warlord Abdullahi Yusuf, to shadow the daily activities of Professor Ghedi? It has now become a trademark of Professor Ghedi to accept any inhospitable conditions or threat mete out to him, regardless of its psychological impact on Ghedi, unsteadiness, insecurity which blurs what Ghedi says or does in public and in private-which worries him whether he will do right move or wrong steps. Ghedi who already gave in many ministerial portfolios to Abdirizaq Hassan Jurinle under the duress of Ethiopia and its surrogate son of Warlord Abdullahi Yusuf; has now also conceded to him for his own privacy, premiership title, his personal pride and that of his people who comprises admirers and admonishers. We know, Ghedi has in the past suffered under the watchful eyes of untitled nephew of Warlord Abdullahi Yusuf-Mr Yusuf Bari Bari, but the most talked and daily conception has become the issues of how a minister/s Abdirizaq Hassan Jurinle become the most fearsome, effective watcher and monitor over Professor’s Ghedi’s movements, verbal utterances in public and in private without relenting his foot to foot shadowing over Ghedi’s strides. People now really, question who is a real prime Minster Ghedi or Jurinle? Some even went that far, and say that Professor Ghedi is no more than a decode prime minister but the real power rests on the shoulders of Abdirizaq Hassan Jurinle. Either way, Ghedi is uncomfortable situation for his good name, his supporters, international watchers and above all his international standings. International communities which so often confuse as it doe not able know how to distinguish the real authority of Ghedi from the one that Mr Jurinle Wheels. It is quite obvious and crystal clear that, Professor Ghedi and his entourage advisors never feel free and secure or will have any ownership of political independence without first looking their shoulders constantly as long as they cannot able to remove the burden and the weight over their shoulders. Presently, all indications are Ghedi can not sign any policy agreements with international community without first referring the representative of Warlord Abdullahi Yusuf Mr. Abdirizaq Hassan Jurinle. Ghedi has ineffectively become someone who is being controlled and not knowing how to emancipate himself from the shackle and chains surrounding his neck, which suffocates politically and personally. Twice recently Ghedi has received donations from the Italian government, at Ceel Macaan-unofficial harbour of Northern Mogadishu in his own home town. Alas, both occasions, Jurinle was at hand, shadowing over Ghedi, and sadly appeared as vibrant, supervisor and the real force to be reckoned with. My question begs answer; what has happen to Mr. Ghedi and the honourable citizens inhabited between Jowher and Mogadishu- who comprise all walk of life-politicians, academics and other forces. Or have they all been reduced as only spectators and personal references over the physically diminutive but politically towering shadow of Abdirizaq Jurinle? Jurinle even offended the innocent Mogadishu citizens by swearing that they will never receive any assistant until and when the city of Mogadishu is perhaps safe for him and his uncle-Warlord Abdullahi Yusuf. Did Jurinle forget where he was or does he and his uncle-Warlord Abdullahi Yusuf give donations? Or does he misconstrue that everyone is as patient or as equal to Professor Ghedi? In the past, few months, Professor Ghedi went a well publicized overseas trips, however, as usual, every time, Ghedi’s activities was watching by people assigned to monitor Ghedi’s activities led by none other than Abdirizaq Hassan Jurinle. Diplomatic ethics demand that if and when a president or a prime minister is undertaking overseas trips; ministers of foreign, finance and diplomatic field experts and well versed individuals should include with such a trip in order to facilitate the smooth running of the trip. Somali people are suspicious today that, the current Transitional government concocted in Imbagathi, Nairobi- Kenya has transformed into a money making None-governmental organization, as long as Imbagathi TNC lives on, and Mr. Jurinle has become an accountant general for the overseas aids and assistances intended to relief the plight of millions of Somalis who are suffering various socio-economic, man made and natural disasters. The question is whether Professor Ghedi is a part and parcel of this conspiracy, or he becomes a victim of his own making and needs SOS rescue mission.

while most of the old Somalis in The Diaspora, specially in North America are all waiting for the ruthless warlords back home to solve the Somali clan predicament and all are dreaming for the day they can all go back home, none of them asked themselves or thought about what's going on with the lives of their children who were either born or grew up in here. They have never asked as to what's happening or not happening to their children in North America or elsewhere in the Diaspora. As I contemplate of the future of my younger brothers and sisters who have never been to Somalia and have no profound bond or link whatsoever to their homeland other than what they hear from us, I've often felt they have been cheated by their parents and older generation. And that thought of betrayal and letdown had been distressing me lately. I feel Somali kids have been neglected and abandoned. The inecapable fact is that this alarming atrophy and neglect has now become the way of life for most families. Somalis in The Diaspora, in particular those in North America have immersed themselves in low paying jobs and wasteful frivolous entertainment, while their children are completely lost. Most parents work two jobs, while others spend their time moving around to collect welfare. Fathers are not at home. They are busy either driving trucks or Taxis, chewing Qat and loitering in coffee places discussing clan politics in deafening assembly. Mothers are also not home. Some work two jobs in late shifts and others spend their time on inconsequential hearsay. Most of the mothers in North America have the reputation of being spendthrift party crashers. They squander all their income on buying jewelry and clothes. Unfortunately, the kids are left alone to raise themselves. Sometimes the older kids are left with the task of taking care of their younger siblings, when they are unable to take good care of themselves. Yet, these outwardly apathetic parents have not contemplated to think of the gloomy future of their kids in the Diaspora. They are all somewhat in suspense mood thinking to return to Somalia while the inescapable fact is that our Somalia lays in ruins and is controlled by warlords fighting over clan dominance and some cursed “Treasure Chest†known as government. We need to pay attention to our younger generations and educate them so they will be able to compete in this modern world of technology and science. We have to start some home work clubs. I have yet to hear of Somali kids winning scholarships to get into an Ivy League college like the Chinese and Indian kids. There was one exception though. When I read about that 16 year old Somali kid in UK going to a prestigious school, I was so excited to share his success with my younger brothers and sisters to motivate and encourage them to excel in school like him. But then, when I look the education level of Somali kids in my neighborhood it is all a different story. They don’t speak good Somali. They don’t know anything about Islam. All they excel in watching TV cartoon shows, playing video games, listening to rap music and watching BET and MTV. I must admit, some of the kids would try and finish high school and probably enter college. They'll go for a year or two and will quit and nothing more. in spite of this, what is ironic is that the few educated parents are working at nursing homes or factories while their children end up on the streets uneducated and lost. I heard some Somali kids in cities like San Diego, Toronto and Minneapolis have organized themselves into gangs and are working for notorious crime bosses. I heard from some black Americans saying that Somali kids make their counterparts in marginalized groups like Hispanics, Native Americans and Blacks, the so-called Rap “Gangsta†look-alike real cartoon characters. You know when Somalis pick up habits and customs other than their own, they go over board. Our kids have become the ghetto kings and queens. Somali kids don't even think about the words they use when elders are around anymore. They use every profane and filthy language one can think of. Some parents are even afraid to discipline their children for the fear that the children will call the police. Contrast this with when we were growing up back home, we were disciplined by the motions of our parents' facial expression and body gestures without words or screams. Unfortunately, the children who mean well and want to make progress don't get the necessary encouragement because their parents are not around to give them the attention they deserve. The Somali parents don't have the time to go to their schools and speak with their teachers on their success or failures. Oh, I forgot, they work hard all of the time. But they do have time to party all night long, party till day light. Let's wake up!our country have been taken over by ruthless warlords. It is hopeless situation out there! We will never go back! Somalia is gone and done! Let us stop fooling ourselves that there will be a miracle back home and there will be a prophet coming to give us back stable and peaceful Somalia. Those parents who work hard in low paying jobs, becoming the modern present day slaves have to realize that the manufacturing jobs will never be there. They will be all outsourced to China and other emerging countries where there is cheap labor. Wake up and smell the coffee before it is too late. So far you have all managed to send your children to the doom of this decadent western society. We are at least people who come from good culture to certain extent and good morale standings. Let us stop fooling around and fooling ourselves and start taking real good care of our kids. Let us pull the pants up on the bottoms of our adolescent boys; pull the tight mini skirts down to our daughters' knees and make them dress according to Islamic way. Let us wake up! parent have to visit their children's schools, make time for their homework. As I said before those of us who are educated and successful have to give it back to the community. Parents don't just have to tell their kids to do home work by themselves but they have to it with them, go over it and sign their name to it. So their teachers will know that the parents participated in their school work. Please go and visit your relatives homes and pay attention to how the kids are growing up and how they are being brought up for It will be a shocking eye-opener!

Tue, 23 Aug 2005 08:32:58 8AugGMT MSF: Quarter of Somali children die by 5 Reuters NAIROBI, Kenya (Reuters) -- More than one in 10 Somali children die at birth and a quarter of those who survive will perish before their fifth birthday in one of the world's worst child mortality rates, a medical charity said Monday. Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) said health conditions in the Horn of Africa nation, which has been without a central government since 1991, had deteriorated to atrocious levels. The majority of Somali children die from malnutrition and waterborne diseases like diarrhea, plus inaccessibility to healthcare due to dilapidated infrastructure and insecurity, said the head of MSF in Somalia, Colin Mcllreavy. "This is one of the worst rates in the world," he told Reuters of figures published in an MSF statement on Somalia. MSF also warned that violence was continuing unabated in Somalia, where warlords have been in charge since the 1991 toppling of former dictator Mohamed Siad Barre. A 14th attempt to re-establish government is under way, but the new administration of President Abdullahi Yusuf has yet to gain control of the nation of 10 million people. "Medecins Sans Frontieres wishes to sound the alarm about the continuing violence in the country. The suffering of the Somali people has received little attention from aid organizations and the international community," the group said. Traumatic injuries in particular are on the rise, mostly gunshot wounds, MSF said. "The frightening fact is that Somalia is officially not even at war," Mcllreavy said. "Extreme violence has become a part of daily existence and the effect on the population is catastrophic." In the north of Mudug, a region buffeted by clan fighting of late, MSF said in the first six months of this year it treated 397 patients for injuries related to violence. Most -- 224 -- were from gunshots, while 135 were knife-related and a further 38 from physical assault. Many victims were women and children. "The already huge number of violence-related injuries we treat are just the tip of the iceberg," MSF said. It said it was frequently forced to temporarily halt medical activities due to violence or threats to its staff and patients. Hundreds of thousands of Somalis have died from famine, disease and violence in the last 14 years. Copyright 2005 Reuters. All rights reserved.This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.

lame...hopeless.... and above all ...the somali sickness seems incurable ....

Mogadishu -27, Aug, 05 ( Sh.M.Network) TFG Deputy minister of sea and harbors Hirsi Adan Roble has accused law maker Ing, Munye of assisting one part of conflicting government members with expenses from Somali national Vessels he manages. In A press conference at Mogadishu Sahafi Hotel, Hirsi Adan Roble said that Ing, Munye expends the national property in a personal means while he supports the part of TFG members in Jowhar in order to crack down Somali peace process, he added. He said that Munye was told to hand the vessels over the newly installed government in order to be part of the national property that goes under the concerned departments. Mr, Hirsi stated that Munye manages 5 Somali national fishing Vessels and one for transportation goods, “he has changed the names of the vessels in order to show the people the vessels are personal†said Hirsi who also confirmed that Munye has fired some of Ship staff.

President A.Yusuf Gave An Emotional Interview To The BBC Friday, August 26, 2005 On 24 August 2005, President A. Yusuf gave an emotional interview to the BBC Somali Service covering the current political and social affairs of Somalia. In the interview, the president condemned and belittled his political opponents and accused them of pursuing social anarchy and lawlessness. In the interview, the president lashed out at the chairman of the Somali parliament Sharif Hassan Sheikh Aden, calling him an '***** ' (waxba makala oga). The president also attacked the personal integrity of Somali MP Omer Hashi Aden and even threatened him with consequences simply because Omar Hashi questioned the wisdom of president A. Yusuf visiting the Ethiopian ruled towns of Godey and Mustaxiil recently where the president ,it was claimed, was organising militia recruitment of his own clan in order to strengthen his political position. In that political interview, the president claimed that Mogadishu warlords were on the run and members of his government were in Mogadishu implementing government policies and strategies. During the interview, the president showed his unhappiness and technique of asking questions by BBC's Abdi-salaam Hareri who was interviewing the president with reasonable and relevant questions but obviously the president didn't like the journalist's confident mood of putting him on the spot, in other words, making him answer all necessary and relevant questions. Conclusions In that interview, the president appeared agitated, very angry and as usual wholly undiplomatic.The president, can be argued, had done more political and social damage to himself than good. His issuance of threats on the airwaves to certain political opponents was unjustified and perhaps reflects the president's frustration and serious challenges faced by him in Somalia. The president's claim that national reconciliation was over, is another nail in the coffin of his political judgement. Perhaps he unwittingly closed all doors to national reconciliation and solving all differences through peaceful means rather than resorting to violence and threats. Now, if the current TFG led by Abdullahi Yusuf and Ali M. Ghedi had any chance of survival, the two respectable men must come down from the high mountain of illusions and delusions, and play a practical policy based on purely Somali national interests in terms of national reconciliation, national institutions building and strictly following the ethics of political consensus. However, the irony here is, since President A. Yusuf had sabotaged previous Somali regimes, he may be facing the same music right now. Nonetheless, Somalia is bleeding all around and needs mature political solutions and not bad tempered endless confrontations. H.S.A. Shirwa

Horn; Again you let me down as usual! I should have been more careful with my wording and using that sensitive " defeatist" word for it sub-consciously touched some tender chord!! sorry for the distress it has caused...i didn't mean it that way .... and no matter what others say...you should not never defend a disgraced warlord...

Horn, Somalia is my backyard! I guess here i am the only one that couldn't be pinned to a particular region or background ....so what duplicty and hypocrisy are you accusing me? clannish people will always assume things.... Just let me remind you that such suggestion of insolence or predictable clannish reaction are an excuse of a defeatist looking for gratification and pity from certain circles. get your afterthoughts togather and liberate yourself from this charade of false assumptions.

Thank God that this is the cyber world and not the streets of Somalia. Sky, I guess you and some other die-hard Yeey cheerleader are not worthy to reason with. And what is with the toadying names all ending with OOWS? Are you trying to actually lampoon certain folks here? a clannish up-bringing will never ever disappoint! And how come you side me with your nightmare nemises HAG? well, if that is the way some loonies think, then I don't have to disassociate me with the eluded group. They are at least levelheaded and rational people to engage with and challenge. Fidel I do agree with you here, but at the risk of butchering the rich Somali prose, ... let me turn to a Somali adage to drive home the point you have made " Ileeyn bahal caadadiis ma baajo oo ceeriin cunka ma daayo"

The world, in particular Africa has known and experienced the leadership of so many ruthless dictators who while in power, subjugated and crushed those poor masses who empowered them to lead. Most of these authoritarian men were imbued with a sense of their own invincibility, but later found out to their surprise that they were not all that invincible. We don’t have to go that far but to look of the fate of Barre, Mingiste, Mabuto, Amin and their likes. However, what baffles so many, is why did those who fought against dictatorship knowingly choose the same path to tyranny and repression and are happy with warlords who know nothing else other than authoritarianism and repression? Given Yeey’s record during his reign in Puntland, it is hardly surprising that he turned out the way he is now. many Somalis had hoped, against all odds, that at least Yeey would see the wisdom in chart-ing a new course to peace following so many years of carnage and destruction. So far, as we have witnessed Yeey’s current maneuvering and adventurism, peace is the last thing on his mind. to tell the truth, Yeey had just the opposite for the war-weary Somalis. He is a man obsessed with clannish hate and is on mission of vengenance and settling of scores.How can one justify the recruitment of militia forces from his immediate clan with the help of Ethiopia. Is Somalia now a monarchy with Yeey as the king? Warlord Yeey is now accused by his hosts that he is running a one-man-show in Jowhar. He surrounded himself with obsequious men from his immediate sub-clan, who wouldn't deviate with clan's dream of becoming the new aristocracy of Somalia. Most of these men (mostly Taxi drivers from the Diaspora) have no self-respect and are seasoned Clannish die-hards.They are all pursuing short term gains and are motivitated by hate and greed. Yeey single-handedly succeeded to abrogate the authority of the government and the national assembly. Now both the Legislature, and the government are unable to perform any functions. Mr. Yeey and his cohorts are making it clear that peaceful assembly, except in their interest, is forbidden in their reign. They are leaving no room for consensus-building and peaceful dialogue out od this nightmare. More and more, they are telling us that Somalia is once again theirs. let us not forget that Yeey is part of the those callous warlords who single-handedly destroyed and reduced our country to pariah status - the text-book examplary failed state - amongst the nations of the world. All these warlords have succeeded in making Somalis wish for the incarnation of Barre, the former dictator now. How much lower does Somalia have to sink to get the attention of its intellectuals and conscious sons and daughters to come to her rescue? I guess we probably cannot go any lower, because we've already reached to the bottom of unforgiving abyss.

14 August 2004 G/Sare Ismaaciil Xaaji Cusmaan Korneyl Boolis ah Gurigiisa H/wadaag waxaa loo maleeynaayaa inuu la shaqeeynaayay kooxaha reer galbeedka ah ee ku howlan ugaarsiga ragga argagaxisa ku sheega lagu tuhunsan yahay 13 Oktobar 2004 Cabbaas Cabdi Cali Guddoomihii Bankiga Barakat Huriwaa Waxaa loo maleeynayaa in loo dilay ka soo horjeedka kooxaha dagaal oogayaasha ah ee Tigreega la jira. 26 Oktobar 2004 Maxamud Cabdinuur Aadan (Battaar) Korneyl Nabad sugidda H/wadaag waxaa loo maleeynaayaa inuu la shaqeeynaayay kooxaha reer galbeedka ah ee ku howlan ugaarsiga ragga argagaxisa ku sheega lagu tuhunsan yahay 10 November 2004 Maxamud Xasan Taakow Aqoonyahan Yaaqshiid Waxaa loo maleeynaayaa inuu warbixin sir ah uu siin jiray hayadaha sirdoonka reer galbeedka. 11 November 2004 Jen. Maxamed Cabdi Maxamed Jeneraal Milateriga Shibis / ku geeriyoodya Nairobi waxaa loo maleeynaayaa inuu la shaqeeynaayay kooxaha reer galbeedka ah ee ku howlan ugaarsiga ragga argagaxisa ku sheega lagu tuhunsan yahay 1 Disembar 2004 C/Raxmaan Maxamud Abiikar (Philosophy) Aqoonyahan Gurigiisa Yaaqshiid Waxaa loo maleeynaayaa inuu warbixin sir ah uu siin jiray hayadaha sirdoonka reer galbeedka. 23 Janaayo 2005 Jen. Yuusuf Axmed Sarinle Jeneraal Boolis Gurigiisa Wardhiigley waxaa loo maleeynaayaa inuu la shaqeeynaayay kooxaha reer galbeedka ah ee ku howlan ugaarsiga ragga argagaxisa ku sheega lagu tuhunsan yahay 29 Janaayo 2005 Dr. C/raxmaan Warsame Cilmi Aqoonyahan Madiina Waxaa loo maleeynaayaa inuu warbixin sir ah uu siin jiray hayadaha sirdoonka reer galbeedka. 31 Janaayo 2005 Col. Xersi Maxamuud Cumar (Xersi Dhoore) Korneyl Nabad sugidda Yaaqshiid waxaa loo maleeynaayaa inuu la shaqeeynaayay kooxaha reer galbeedka ah ee ku howlan ugaarsiga ragga argagaxisa ku sheega lagu tuhunsan yahay 9 Febraayo 2005 Kate Peyton Saxafiyad Ingiriis Albaabka Hotelka Saxafi Waxaa loo maleeynayaa in dilka gabartaan weiryaha caalimiga ah ineey ka danbeeyaan dagaal oogayaasha garabka tigreega wato. 13 Maarso 2005 Sheekh Yuusuf Sheekh Faarax Wadaad Hodon Waxaa loo maleeynayaa in loo dilay ka soo horjeedka kooxaha dagaal oogayaasha ah ee Tigreega la jira. 7 Abril 2005 C/llaahi Kaahiye Cali Sarkaal Boolis Afisyoone waxaa loo maleeynaayaa inuu la shaqeeynaayay kooxaha reer galbeedka ah ee ku howlan ugaarsiga ragga argagaxisa ku sheega lagu tuhunsan yahay 19 Abril 2005 Drs. Maryan Maxamed Xasan Kuulow Aqoonyahan samafal Waaberi Waxaa loo maleeynaayaa ineey warbixin sir ah eey siin jirtay hayadaha sirdoonka reer galbeedka. 21 May 2005 G/Dhexe Maxamed Siciid Maxamed C//lle Sarkaal Boolis Ceymiska Yaaqshiid waxaa loo maleeynaayaa inuu la shaqeeynaayay kooxaha reer galbeedka ah ee ku howlan ugaarsiga ragga argagaxisa ku sheega lagu tuhunsan yahay 11 July C/Qaadir Yaxye Cali Aqoonyahan Madiina waxaa loo maleeynayaa inuu wax ka qoray warbixintii ICG-ga 11 July 2005 Xersi Cabdi Cilmi (Xersu Lugeey) Sarkaal maxkamadeed Yaaqshiid 30 July 2005 Sheekh Maxamed Muumin Haaruun Wadaad Wardhiigley Waxaa loo maleeynayaa in loo dilay ka soo horjeedka kooxaha dagaal oogayaasha ah ee Tigreega la jira. 31 July 2005 Col. Maxamed Cusmaan Coon Sarkaal Boolis waxaa loo maleeynaayaa inuu la shaqeeynaayay kooxaha reer galbeedka ah ee ku howlan ugaarsiga ragga argagaxisa ku sheega lagu tuhunsan yahay

Another humanitarian donation to another child who has tumor on her back. Jaaliyadda Ingiriiska oo taageero lacageed soo gaarsiiyey gabadhii buradu ay dhabarka uga tiilay Muqdisho Suleymaan C/llaahi & Buulaay Shariif Caali oo ah aabaha & hooyada gabadha yar ee dhabarku ay burada uga taal Xaliimo Suleymaan C/llaahi ayaa maanta la gaarsiiyey lacag taakuleyn ah oo ay soo gaarsiiyeen Jaaliyadda Soomaalida Ingiriiska. Xasan Cadaawe Max’uud ayaa aabaha & hooyada gabadha ku guddoonsiiyey maanta $800 (Sideed boqol dollar) xero qaxooti oo ku taal gudaha Ex. Carwadii hore ee degmada Hodon halkaasoo qoysku degan yahay, waxaana lacagahaasi soo uruuriyey Max’ed Xersi & Sheekh Muudey Gacal oo ka mid ah Jaaliyadda Ingiriiska. “Gabadha xaaladeedu aad ayey u liidataa, waxaana shalay laga soo saaray Isbitaalka Keydsaney oo ay ku jirtay muddo markii ay calooshu ka soo bararay, waxaana ganacsatada Soomaaliyeed & Jaaliyadaha dibedda ugu baaqayaan in ay ku taageeraan gabadhaasi yar sidii ay u heli laheyd daweyn dibedda ah, maadaama dhaqaatiirtu cadeeyeen in aanan waxba lagaga qaban karin xaaladeeda dalka gudihiisa†ayuu yiri Xasan Caddaaw Max’uud. Xasan Caddaawe wuxuu sheegay in dad Soomaaliyeed oo meelo kala duwan ku sugan ay soo taakuleeyeen qoyskan tabaaleysan, wuxuuna xusay in magacyada dadka soo taakuleeyey & wixii ay ku soo taakuleeyeen ay sidan kala yihiin:- Xuseen Jaamac Caabi $50 Koox uu ku jiro Cali dhagtey $160 Axmed deeq Xasan $50 C/llaahi Axmed Diirshe $100 Iyo boqol kale oo uu waalidku soo qaaday oo aan magaca soo diraha idinla soo socod-siin doono Insha ALLAAH.

All Praise and thanks are due to ALLAH. Thanks to all the concsious brothers and sisters who did contribute to this humanitarian endeavor. Faanoole weli fari kama qodna waxaa jira ciyaal kale oo cuduro halis ah dartood ugu dhibaateeysan dalka gudihiisa. Qof kasta oo dhainyaro iyo waayeel leh waxaa laga codsanayaa ineey ka qayb qaataan gurmad kasta oo xag bini aadan leh oo wax loogu qabanaayo cunug soomaaliyeed oo jiran.

Xaliimo Hire oo xaladeda cafimadeed ka soo reyneyso iyo lacagtii sadaqada( Daawo sawirada ) 24 AGOOSTO 2005 Waxaan walaalayaal halkan idiinku soo gudbinayaa qoraal tafatiraya xaalada ay kusugantahay walaasheenayar ee Xaliimo hire, taariikhda lacagtii sadaqada aheyd iyo weliba wadamada iyo magaalooyinka ay kala joogaan soomalida gacanta ka geystay lacag aruurinta iyo safar gaaban oon ugu tegay 20 Agoosto ee nasoo dhaaftay magaladii lageeyay ee dalka Austria halkaas oy isbitaal uga jirto Xaliimo. Hadaba hadaan kaaga waramo xaalada guud ee walaasheena yar waxeey ilatahay iney maanta waajib inagu tahay inaan umahadnaqno ilaah SW, kuna faraxno sida uu ugu fududeeyay imaanshaha meel dhaqtar iyo daawaba aysan ka kalagoèyn insha allah.Waxaase aniga aad ii farxad gelisay si murugo ku dheehantahay markaan ugu galay Xaliimo qolkii ay jiiftay ayadoo soo jeeda ee aabow leh. Waxaana kamuuqatay diif iyo xanuun aana qiyaasi karin inta uu ula ekyahay, balse daawada lasiinayo aawadeed ayaan qiyaasi karaa inuusan xanuunkaasi aheyn mid xadle. Dhinaca kale farxadbaa igu dheehneyd madaama ay iigu danbeysay Xaliimo oo "koma" ku jirta oo jirkeeda dhamaantii uu gubanyahay oo nabro badani kuyiileen safarteydii hore. Ayaa kulankan wexey aheyd mid ayadoo tabardaran oo diifi kamuuqato hadana aad iyo aad uga fiicneyd xaladii hore een ku ogaa. Taasoo ah ilaah mahadiis ayuusan jirkeeduna markii burada laga reebo uusan wax nabro ah laheyn maanta kadib markey kabogsootay nabrihii kuyiil. TARIIKHDA LACAGTA Sidaad dhamaan ula socotaan waxaan isugeynay lacag, lacagtaas oo aan taakulo uga dhigeynay walaasheenayar ee Xaliimo Hire. Gabadhu waxey u baahneyd Lacag ayku marto qaliimo farabadan sidaan islaheyn iyo daawo intaba, balse waa ilaah mahadii ee xaalki sidaa manoqon oo Xaliimo wexey heshay gargaar aan lacag u baahneyn. Madaama hadaba dhib iyo dheefba lagu hanto amarka ilaah lacagtii wexeygashay dib uga tashi. Tallo iyo ra`yi isweydaarsi muda ah dabadeedna waxaa lagu go`aamiyay in lacagtaa laqeybiyo, oo qeyb kamid ah lasiiyo qoyska ay kadhalatay Xaliimo. Qeybta soo hartayna go`golxaar looga dhigo isutag iyo isgarabsi kale si caruurta kale ee dhibanayaasha ah ee soomaaliyeed awooda dhaqaalana kuxuntahay loogu tabaruco insha allah. CADADA LACAGTA Lacagti la isu keenay cadadeedu wexey noqotay 123.690.00 kroner(Boqol, labaatan iyo sadax kun lixboqol iyo sagaashan kroner oo lacagta Norwagienka ah) Taasoo labo looqeybiyay. Hadaba qeybtii Xaliimo reerkeeda lasiinayay oo noqotay 61.845.00 kr (lixdan iyo kow kun, sideedboqol iyo afartan iyo shan kroner) oo u dhigantay(16 Aug 2005) 9.442.00 $ (sagaal kun afarboqol iyo afarten iyo labo doolar) ayaan u bedelay isla maalintaa 7.662.00 auro (Todobo kun lixboqol iyo lixdan iyo labo auro) madaama uu Hire Hussein oo Xaliimo aabaheeed ah uu joogo Austria, dalkaas oo laga isticmaalo lacagta Auro. Xisaab ahaan: 123.690.00 kr / 2= 61.845:00 kr = 9.442.00 $ = 7.662.00 auro. WAREEJINTII LACAGTA Madaama lacagtii laqeybiyay, waxaan qaaday qeybtii loogu tallo galay ama loogartay qoyskii ay Xaliimo ka dhalatay. Qoyska oo uu aabaha Xaliimo Hire Xuseen uu masuul u yahay ayaa lacagtii ku gudoonsiiyay 20kii agoosto ee sannadkan aanu kujirro. Waxaan tagnay xaafad reer soomaaliyeed si aan ibitaalka ugala dheeraano sawaxankeena. Kadib markaan gudoonsiiyay ayaan waxaan weydiiyay, sida uu u arko lacagta lasoo kalaqeybiyay ee qeyb looga keenay. Asagoo si adag ra yigiisa udhiibanaya ayuu wuxuu sheegay inuusan waxba kaqabin, saakay iminkaan quraacanayey ma aana heysan lacagta aad hada ii keentay, sidaa daraadeed hadii walaalihii soo aruuriyay ay garteen inlaqeybiyo waxba kamaqabo. Hadii caruurkale oo dhiban sidii Xaliimo wax loogu qabanayana waxba kama qabo" ayuu yiri Hire Xuseen Xersi oo ah ninkan aan gudoonsiiyay lacagta iyo Xaliimo aabaheed. Hadaba intii Xaliimo aykareysato hadii ilaah ukaso insha allah waxaan dhamaan walaalaha soomaaliyeed ee jecel in ay kawarhayaan Xaliimo xaaladeeda caafimaad ka codsanayaa in ay moobiilkan lambarkiisu yahay 00436645754442 oo uu heysto aabaha xaliimo kala xiriiraan iyadoo xataa kuwiinii tabaruc gaar ah u haya ay sitoos ah ula xiriirayaan Hirre madaama aad lambarka kor kuqoran kala hadli kartaan insha allah. MAGAALOOYIN KA ISUKEENAY LACAGTAN NORWAY (Oslo, Trondheim, Stavanger, Larvik, Govik iyo kuwa kalle) ENGLAND( London, Leicester) SWEDAN (Stockholm iyo Vastrås) USA (Barron Wesconsen, Minneapolis, Boston, CANADA (Toronto, AUSTRALIA (Melbourne) ITALY (Venezia) DANMARK(1 magalo?) Intaa waxaa dheer dad dhowr ah oo lacago soo diray balse aana ogeyn wadanka ama magaalada ay kunoolyihiin. Waxaana dhamaan ilaah inooga baryayaa inuu denbi dhaaf iyo saadsuuban uu ilaah inoogu bedalo dadaalkan aan muujinay dhamaan. CODSI Waxaa kale oon dhaman umada soomaaliyeed meelkasta oy ku nooyihiin(ganacsato iyo garabsataba) idinka codsanayaa in aan wada damqno, iskana garabsano sidii aan gacan isugu siin laheyn una kordhin laheyn lacagta qeybta hartay si caruurta soomaaliyeed koodi daran loogu gargaaro insha allah. Lacagtaas oon loo aaboyeelin kuna wajehan dhamaan caruurta soomaaliyeed ee dhibaateysan balse intey gaarto hal iyo laba wax loogu qabandoono insha allah. Hadii aad heyso talo ama tayo aad nagu biirinayso si aan lacagta u badino, waad igala soo xiriiri kartaa; moobiilnr: 0047-90669364 ama e-post: mahadale@online.no Wasalaamucaleukum wr. wb. Lul Hassan Kulmiye Norway

THE SEVEN MEMORANDUMS: OUR VISION FOR THE FUTURE. “Our country is as young as the first days of its independence. Life in Somalia is still to be discovered and named: the land of the empty is waiting to be inhabited and possessed by us.†Introduction. With this document the Somali students group and youth launches a new and intensive effort towards the renewal of the Somali people first and then the creation of a peaceful federal Somalia. Somalia and its people have recently entered a period of reappraisal. Somalis feel that the time has come to reconsider what we are and to determine what we want to become. From the North to the East, and to the South, we have been discussing our history and our future. This memorandum sets the agenda of a new action to begin a revolution to bring back our society from the brink of extinction and to create a new Somalia. To begin a revolution requires a clear vision and undying commitment to a common cause, and a strong believe to a common shared destiny. We,young Somali students in the diaspora, propose the following seven memorandums to be the foundation of our revolution and we will keep the doors open for the addition and removal of any of the goals. (1) Renewing ourselves:ORGIVING ONE ANOTHER. This test must begin with a form of exorcism. Too many outdated myths and old hang-ups persist in various parts of our society. The hands of every Somali are stained with blood and our hearts are filled with guilt and sorrow. We must begin our revolution with the message of forgiveness. We must begin by encouraging the guilt to come forward to be forgiven. What happened the last 45 years is going to be part of our history but we can’t afford to dwell on them forever. We have to begin the process of healing by encouraging our people to forgive and the accused to repent. They are like milestones around our necks; we must break the chains that bind us to these horrific events in our past. The experience in the past 15 years gives us a unique opportunity to reshape our national destiny and to reshape it as we see fit. To accomplish it, we require a political framework, we require much more -- a new openness of spirit, a new dedication stirring and moving in the hearts of Somali people. It is the goal of our new revolution to start and propagate this new spirit, values, openness and dedication to every Somali wherever they are. It is the collective will of all Somalis, which will ensure our people’s survival. This collective will can assert itself only if the Somali people become fully aware of their identity and understand what it means to be part of it. Over the course of their short history, our people have developed their own identity based on clans, their own conception of government is based on their experience of the past regime and society, and their own world perspective based on their clannish exposure to the outside world. The principles of the renewal proposed by our revolution must be based not on this identity, we need a a new conception and perspective. But with the spirit and understanding that we are still Somalis, one people with the same destiny regardless of clan and regional affiliation. (2) Affirmation of the Somali Identity. “Our country is as young as the first days of its creation. Life in Somalia is still to be discovered and named: the dim face and the silent heart of our country, all of it’s landscapes from before the coming of man, waiting to be inhabited and possessed by us, and that indistinct cry uttered in the night by victims of injustice, all of this calls forth the day and the light.†The renewal of our society does require some basic change in the character of the Somali people. In order to bring about a revolution, we need to be more consistent and more faithful to idea of Somali-ness than in the past. The revolution of Somali students and youth must encourage our people to a new national personality, new national characteristics, pronounce our distinctive cultural traits, whoever we are or wherever we live in Somalia. Our revolution must assert the Somali identity, establish once and for all what this identity consists of and encourage our movement to express it through our actions, both as individuals and as collective entity. The current crisis in Somali forces us to be more needed movement. but we must be surer and more aware of what we are and what we can become. The future of our society, I believe, depends very largely upon the cultivation of a new values and new movement. We must find some common ground on which to unite, some common aspiration to be shared, and I think it can be found alone in the cultivation of that new revolution to which I have referred. "A nation is a group of persons who have undertaken great projects together in the past and present and, who hope to accomplish great things together in the future", said historian Frank Underhill. These new values (forgiveness, repentence, identity, and unity) that we want to propagate in our people, will motivat our behavior as individuals and determine our personality as a society. They will govern the relationships among the various groups in our society and determine the character of our social institutions. They will define the form of our future and prescribe the rules that will be governing our political, economical and social institutions. They will shape our aspirations, forge our ideals and provide direction for our future. In short, these values determine what we may call, without undue pride but also without false modesty, the Somalia model. This synthesis of Somali values is not fixed or unchangeable and hopefully will never be so, but back to our basic culture and belief. The new values are based in our religion and positive culture and won’t be hard to propagate to our society. (3) Introduction and Advocacy of the new vision. Our guiding principle as revolutionary movement requires first of all that we become aware of the values which we need to share, regardless of the clan to which we belong or the region where we are from. Somali culture has molded us and has made us much more alike than we generally think. With our tendency to emphasize our distinctive characteristics as members of one clan, inhabitants of one region or another that unfortunately we must often be reminded by foreigners how much we have in common. We are all too prone to reduce culture to language or ethnic origin and, consequently, to underestimate the cultural values which we share. The Waryaa movement which we the students and youth will spearhead must believe in the pre-eminence and fundamental freedoms of the individual, an equal opportunity for all, in democratic islamic values and respect for the rule of law. We must believe in the dynamics of individual enterprise, in the effective use of government institutions to serve our collective development, and in the sharing of the country's wealth and income among individuals and regions. However, we must all work for developing it and making it prosperous without becoming the world's basket case. Our movement must come with constant efforts to achieve a better integration of these values in Somali society, and the advocacy of new system of governance that provides an opportunity to every somali. We may be of different minds as to the means to be used, but we have no difficulty in agreeing on overall goals since consensus truly exists in these areas. However, other values must also be enshrined in our national consensus. They concern education, equality, peace, justice and and the dignity of our peoples and the self-development of our country. The current crisis demands that we make the efforts necessary to entrench these values and to accept their practical consequences. Basically, all that is required of us in this movement is to accept that what we ask for ourselves be extended to others. We must assert our right to speak the Somali language, which is ours by birth and to feel comfortable talking to each other in that language. We all insist on our right to preserve our cultural heritage. We all wish to see our language develop and our country develop, and expect to be able to choose, with those among our fellow Somalis who are closest to us, the lifestyle, which we prefer. The Creation of this Movement must lead to the recognition by each of us that all other Somalis have aspirations similar to our own. We must go a little further: we have to create in the hearts of our people not only to accept that other Somalis and their communities are not different from our own and don't want to be different; we must respect each other for who we are...which is SOMALIS. There can be no place in a renewed Somali Society for arrogant, domineering or contemptuous attitudes toward other somalis. Friendship, solidarity and respect among our similar communities are important values of the Somali identity. Dedication to these values will enable us to achieve much more than the mere survival to which our more pessimistic thinkers would limit us; we will be able to grow, to develop, to fulfill our great potential. Once these visions have been well integrated into the national consensus, we will at last be able to devote ourselves, serenely and without compunction, to the cultivation of Somali unity and diversity if it exists. Each clan, for its own betterment and to some extent for the good of others, will be able to develop its region and its cities and its regional characteristics, whatever these may be. In all other respects we will be able to choose the values that shape our attitudes, our aspirations and our lifestyles, and to resist in all good conscience pressures from those who would impose on us, in the name of tribalism, a sterile and pointless uniformity. Uniformity, where everyone "belongs", uses the same clichés, thinks alike and behaves alike, produces a society, which seems comfortable at first but is totally lacking in human dignity. Real unity tolerates dissent and rejoices in variety of outlook and tradition, recognizes that it is human destiny to unite and not divide, and understands that creating proletariats and scapegoats and second-class citizens is a mean and contemptible activity. Unity, so understood, is the extra dimension that raises the sense of belonging into genuine human life. (4) Learning to live with our differences. Why do we tend to complain about the distinctive character of other Somalis, while clinging so fiercely to our own? Why do we criticize, despise, hate, other clans, while insisting that ours be respected and celebrated? In many respects, Somalia is a country, which is still unaware of itself; it is therefore in many respects a country still afraid of itself. In spite of all our "Likeness"--our politicians, our intellectuals, our ordinary Somalis, our journalists--we are all too often unaware of what we have in common; we are so distrustful of each other, so we fear that we may be too different to remain united as a country and as a people. There can be no doubt that we are all the same; but we don't quite know to what extent and in what ways. Thus we fear some mythical clan bogeyman. Our forefathers have left us many stories and myths concerning aspects of regions and clans other than our own. But we are still too often unaware that things have changed and that these myths are false. How can we dispel these outdated myths? How can we become aware of all the values and experiences we have in common? How can we establish the “Waryaa†identity while learning to live with our minor clan differences?. Our movement must learn first this identity, and then educate our communities on these newly found values and principles, which can unite us into one Somalia. (5) ADVOCATE FOR THE CREATION OF NEW SOMALIA. The strength of Somalia and the rationale for Somalia is founded upon each of the regions complementing one another and balancing their weaknesses and strengths. These conditions change over time and sacrifices are involved but the commitment to one country is essential if the benefits of unity are to endure over time and through all circumstances. A fundamental introduction of a Federation into Somalia is needed to resolve the crisis threatening the existence, stability, unity and prosperity of Somalia. The great debate on national unity has clearly indicated that most Somalis understand the need for Federation and are determined to carry it out. If it is to be successful, the federation must be built on fundamental principles reflecting the basic realities of complex and changing society. It is our obligation as students, Somali youth and the “waryaa†movement to advocate and teach this philosophy to our society and to the average Somali. (6) Pre-eminence of citizens and of their freedoms. “The establishment of the Federation must confirm the preeminence of citizens over institutions, guarantee their rights and freedoms, and ensure that these rights and freedoms are inalienable†The introduction of the practice of federalism, of its institutions, and of the Constitution must all be determined by the spirit and will of Somalis themselves. No laws of any Parliament can of itself develop understanding and friendship among Somalia's communities or reinforce their solidarity. The people themselves must give life and form to the Somali identity through their individual and joint actions. But we have to understand first, and then teach our average Somalis. A federal system, the Constitution through its protection of rights and freedoms must serve the ultimate basis of national unity. The supremacy of the Constitution necessarily follows from this first principle to the extent that the Constitution records the rules of democratic life, protects fundamental rights and liberties, provides for the distribution of powers and guarantees the independence of the judiciary. I will not discuss the constitution here, but will leave it for a latter discussion. The form of the federal system is not discussed in detail here because we will discuss it separately in another venue. (7a) The self-development of regions. “The creation of the Federation must, in all fields, promote the self-development of regions by avoiding excessive centralization.†Somalia has always been, and still is today, a country of clans and regions. Our geography dictates this and the people demand it. The federal structure of our new system of government must make it possible for regional identities to develop and determine the nature and operations of social institutions to a much greater extent than our neighboring countries. The creation of the Federal system, while strengthening our unity, must therefore enhance the self-development of its regions. This can be achieved through a more functional distribution of powers between the federal government and provincial governments. A commitment to reduce regional disparities is also required if all regions, and not only the more affluent, are to have the ability to develop in their own way and preserve their particular identities and cultural traditions. (7b) Fostering economic integration. “The creation of the Federation must lead to closer economic integration between the regions of the country and make it possible for all to share its benefits more equally.†The free movement of goods, services, capital and workers must always be adequately assured. The two levels of government have to succeed in reconciling to their mutual satisfaction the imperatives of national economic integration and of regional self-development. It will be necessary to take these matters into consideration when the drafting of new legislative powers is undertaken. In addition, the new federal system has to ensure, all of the regions benefit equally from access to the national market because differences in location, size, scale, resource endowments, infrastructure and economic organization, may place a region at an advantage or disadvantage. Future federal and provincial policies must be designed to correct these imbalances and should be effective. An old proverb says that a chain is only as strong as its weakest link. The same is true of human societies, particularly ours. Competition between regions can be invigorating; but it must be tempered with stronger and more extensive bonds of national solidarity. The freedom and self-development of individual citizens, regions or communities can only be realized to their fullest extent with the occasional support of others.

HEBEL HEBEL TEL: 0722-900-1234 P.O.BOX –xxxx-00100 G.P.O NBI KU: Xafiiska Ra’iisul Wasaara Ku xigeenka ahna Wasiirka Maaliyada: Mudane : Salim Alio Ibro Ujeedo: Qaansheegad Lacageed Xushmadle Wasiir waxaan si sharaf leh kaaga codsanayaa in aad ii tix galiso codsigeyga oo ah kii saddexaad oo ku saleysan kirada gaariga aad wadato mudo afar bilood iyo bar oo aanan helin wax lacag ah. Fadlan waxaan si sharaf leh kaaga Codsanayaa in la ii ogolaado lacagtaas tasoo dhan cadadkeeda (KSH: 300,000) iyo tan kaararka teleefoonka aad isticmaashay mudadii u dhaxeysay bishii Maarso iyo Abriil oo dhan ( KSH: 75,000) Mudane wasiir fadlan mar labaad waxaan si sharaf leh kaaga codsanayaa in ley tixgaliyo codsigeyga. Mahadsanid HEBEL HEBEL

Government documents in circulation in eastleigh!! 1. JAMHUURIYADDA SOOMAALIYEED 2. Xeernidaamiyadaha Golaha Wasiirada 3. Iyo 4. Wajiibaadka Xukuumadda Federaaliga Ku Meel Gaarka Somaaliyed. 5. Qod. 1aad 6. ( Qeexid ) 7. Golaha Wasiirada waa Hay’adda Sare ee Awodda Fulinta ( Executive Power ) sida ku cad Qod. 46aad Xubintiisa Kowaad ee Axdiga Ku Meel Gaarka Federaaliga ee Jamhuuriyadda Somaaliyed. 8. Qod 2aad 9. (Dhismaha) 10. Sida ku cad Qodobka 52aad ee Axdiga Ku Meel Gaarka Federaaliga ee Jamhuuriyadda Somaaliyed Golaha Wasiirada wuxuu ka kooban Yahay:- a) Ra’iisul Wasaaraha. b) Ku Xigennada Ra’iisul Wasaaraha. c) Wasiirada. d) Iyo Xubno kale oo uu Ra’isul Wasaaraha Magacaabo, Baarlamaankana Ansaxiyo. 11. Qod 3aad 12. (Xubinnimada Golaha Wasiirada) 13. Dhammaan Xubnaha ku qeexan Qodobka 52aad ee Axdiga Ku Meel Gaarka Federaaliga Somaaliyeed ayaa ah Golaha Wasiirada, waxayna xilkooda u gudan donaan sida waafaqsan Axdiga Ku Meel Gaarka Federaaliga Somaliyed, Shuruucda Dalka iyo Xeernidaamiyaha Golaha Wasiirada. 14. Qod. 4aad. 15. (Xilka iyo Muddada Xubinnimada) 1) Sida ku cad Qod. 52aad Xubintiisa Seddaxaad ee Axdiga Ku Meel Gaarka Federaaliga Somaaliyed, qof kasta oo Ra’iisul Wasaaraha u magacaabo Xil Wasiireed ama ku Xigeen wuxuu ku dhaaranayaa magaca Ilaahey iyo inuu daacad u noqonaayo Jamhuuriyadda iyo Axdiga Ku Meel Gaarka inta uusan la wareegin Xilka. 2) Muddada Xilka waxay waafaqsan tahay Qod. 52aad Xubintiisa Seddaxaad, faqradaha (b) iyo ©. 16. Qob 5aad 17. (Waajibaadka Golaha Wasiirada) 18. Ka sokow waajibaadka ku xusan Qodobka 53aad, faqradihiisa 1/2/3/4/5 iyo 6aadba ee Axdiga KMG, waajibaadka Golaha Wasiirada waxaa ka mid ah: 19. Dejinta iyo horumarinta Siyaasadda, Dhaqaalaha iyo arrimaha bulshadda. 20. Dejinta iyo fulinta barnaamijiyo iyo mashaariic horumarineed oo lagu kobciyo dhaqaalaha, laguna hormariyo bulshadda. 21. Xallinta khilaafaadka, sugidda nabad galyada, dib u heshiisinta iyo tirokoobka dadweynaha. 22. Diyaarinta iyo ogolaanshaha miisaaniyadda, xisaab xirka iyo u gudbin Golaha Baarlamaanka.. 23. Meel marinta ismaamul goboleedyada dalka sida ku cad qoddobka 11aad Xubintiisa 2aad faq. (b) , © ee Axdiga Federaaliga KMG. 24. Diiwaangelinta, dib u soo celinta iyo dayactirka iyo xannaanaynta hantida Qaranka. 25. Dib u dejinta dadka ku barakacay Waddanka gudahiisa. 26. Diyaarinta Dastuurka Federaalka ah (Eeg. Qoddobka 11aad, xubnahiisa 9aad, 10aad iyo 11aad ee Axdiga KMG). 27. Ka soo talinta xiriirka iyo heshiis Goboleedyada iyo kuwa Caalamiga ah. 28. Diyaarinta sharci u gaar ah axsaabta siyaasadeed ee dalka (Eeg Qoddobka 21aad ee Axdiga KMG). 29. Diyaarinta shuruucda doorashada guud ee dalka iyo aftida lagu ansaxinaayo Dastuurka cudub ee nidaamka Federaalka ah ee Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliyeed (Eeg Qoddobka 11aad xubnahiisa 9aad, 10aad iyo 11aad ee Axdiga KMG). 30. Qodobka 6aad 31. ( Dhaarta ) 32. Xubin kasta oo ka mid ah Golaha Wasiirada wuxuu marayaa dhaarta ku qeexan qodobka 52aad xubintiisa 3aad, faqraddisa (a) ee Axdiga Federaaliga KMG 33. Xubin aan dhaaran laguma wareegi karo xil, fadhiyada Golahana kama soo qayb gali karto. 34. Xubin kasta oo ka mid ah Golaha Wasiirada waa in ay keentaa caddayn muujinaysa hantideeda Mood iyo Noolba si looga diiwaangeliyo Maxkamada Sare iyo Xeer Ilaalinta Guud ee Qaranka. 35. Qodobka 7aad 36. (Fadhiyada Golaha Wasiirada) 37. Fadhiyada Golaha Wasiiradda waxaa la qabanayaa labo jeer todobaadkii 38. Waxaa la qaban karaa fadhiyo aan caadi aheyn marka loo baahdo. 39. Fadhiga Golaha Wasiirada waxaa guddoomiya Ra’iisul Wasaaraha, ku Xigeennadiisa iyo hadba Wasiirka uu u wakiisho. 40. Shirka waxaa furaya Guddoomiyaha fadhiga, waxaana lagu bilaabayaa Aayadaha Qur’aanka Kariimka ah. 41. Fadhiyada iyo doodaha Golaha Wasiirada waxaa ka qayb galayaa Ra’iisul Wasaaraha, ku Xigeenadiisa, Wasiirada, waxaase loogu yeeran karaa cidii farsamo ahaan loogu baahdo. 42. Fadhiga Golaha Wasiirada wuxuu qabsoomayaa markii la helo 51% xubnaha Golaha Wasiirada.hasse yeeshee howlaha xasaasiga ah, sida Dagaalka, Xaalada deg deg ah, Masiibooyinka dabiiciga ah, meel marinta Miisaaniyada iyo Xisaab Xirka, arimaha dib u heshiisinta, IWM. Waxaa loo baahnaanayaa 2/3 xubnood golaha. 43. U codeynta go’aannada arimaha siyaasada guud ee gudaha iyo dibada waxaa ka qayb qaadanayaa dhamaan Golaha Wasiirada wuxuuna ku ansaxayaa cod hal dheeri ah. 44. Xubinta ka tirsan Golaha Wasiirada ee ka maqnaata sabab la’aan sedex fadhi waxaa la siinayaa digniin, haddii maqnaanshihiisa/heeda ka badato waxaa loo gudbinayaa Guddiga Anshaxa ee Golaha Wasiirada si ay talo uga soo jeediyaan Golaha Wasiirada. 45. Xubnaha Golaha markay rabaan inay ka hadlaan Golaha waxay waydiisanayaan ogolaansho Guddoomiyaha Golaha, isaga/iyada oo gacanta taagaya/geysa, wuxuuna/waxayna hadalka qaadanayaa/neysaa marka loo idmo. 46. Hadii ay xubin iska hadasho waa laga joojinayaa hadalka marka hore marka xigana waa loo digayaa, hadii uu/ay sii wado buuqa waxaa Gudoomiyaha Goluhu u leeyahay awood fadhiga kaga saaro. 47. Hadii golaha buuq ka dhax dhasho oo aan la joojin Karin, waxa Gudoomiyuhu awood u leeyahay in uu xiro fadhiga. 48. Xubinna Kama bixi karto shirka ayadoon fasax ka qabin Gudoomiyaha. 49. Wax kastoo Golaha looga hadlo oo qarsoodi ah lama shaacin karo, cidna looma gudbin karo, xubintii ay ku cadaato bixinta sirta waxaa go’aan ka gaaraya Golaha. 50. Golaha wasiirrada wuxuu magacaabayaa xogheyn soo diyaarisa ajandaha fadhiga iyo hadal qoraalada isla markaana xafida una qaybisa xubnaha ajandaha iyo dukumentiyada loo baahanyahay, ogaysiinta xubnaha golaha, qabashada iyo baaqashada fadhiyada maalin, ka hor. Waxayna hoos imaanaysaa wasiiru dowlaha arimaha xukuumada. 51. Xubin kasta oo ka mid ah Golaha Wasirrada waxaa u banaan inay ajandada ku darto qodob mudan in golaha la hor keeno wakhtiga diyaarinta ajandaha. 52. Goluhu wuxuu hor iyo horaanba isla meel dhigayaa ajandaha shirka. 53. Go’aan kasta oo Goluhu gaaro waa in uu qoraal yahay. 54. Go’aanada Golaha lama bedeli karo, waxna laguma dari karo hadii aan Goluhu ogolaan bedelidiisa. 55. Inta aan la bilaabin dooda ajandada waxaa la qorayaa magacyada xubnaha golaha wasiirada ee ka hadlaya qodobka ajandaha ee laga hadlayo. 56. Si loo beekhaamiyo wakhtiga qodobada ajandaha ee muhiimka ah wuxuu Goluhu u xilsaaraya guddiyo ka soo baaraandego, talana ka soo jeediyo si Goluhu go’aan uga gaaro. 57. Qodobka 8aad 58. (Wajibaadka Xubnaha Golaha Wasiirada) 59. Ra’iisul Wasaaraha ka sokow waajibaadka iyo xilalka ku xusan qodobka 48aad ee Axdiga Federaaliga KMG, waxu mas’uul ka yahay:- 60. Hagidda Golaha Wasiirada iyo Siyaasadda Xukuumadda 61. Dhawrista mas’uuliyadda Xubin kasta oo ka tirsan Golaha Wasiirrada 62. Isku-duwidda iyo ilaalinta wada shaqaynta Wasiiradda 63. U gudbinta Golaha Shacbiga mashruucyo sharci iyo heshiisyadda lala galo dawladaha iyo hay’adaha Caalamiga, ka dib markuu Goluhu ansaxiyo. 64. U magacaabidda mid ka mid ah ku-Xigeenaddiisa sii haynta xilka Ra`iisul Wasaaraha mudada uu maqan yahay. 65. U gudbinta Madaxweynaha magacaabidda Saraakiisha Sare ee Dowladda ka dib markuu ansaxiyo Golaha Wasiirrada. 66. Ku-Xigeenadda Ra’iisul Wasaaraha waxay:- 67. Fulinayaan howlaha uu u xilsaaro Raiisul Wasaaruhu. 68. Talo siinayaan Ra’iisul Wasaaraha iyo Xubnaha kale ee Golaha Wasiiradda. 69. Wasiirka kasta wuxuu:- 70. Masuul ka yahay Wasaaraddiisa. 71. Talo iyo tusaale ka qaadanayaa Ra’iisul Wasaaraha iyo ku-xigeenadiisa 72. U gudbinayaa Ra’iisul Wasaaraha qorshaha howleed iyo warbixinta Wasaaradda 73. Hagayaa, daba-galayaa. Qiimeynayaa meel marinta Siyaasadda Dawladda iyo barnaamijyada Wasaaradda. 74. Soo jeedinayaa magacaabidda howl wadeenada sare ee Wasaaradda isagoo la tashanaya Xubnaha Xukuumadda ee Wasaaradda (Wasiiru-Dawlo iyo Wasiir-kuxigeenadda). 75. U soo jeediyaa Golaha Wasiirada mashruuc sharci ah oo la xiriira hawlaha Wasaaradda. 76. Fulinayaa wixii waajibaad dheeri ah oo loo xilsaaro. 77. U qaybiyaa hawlaha Wasiiru-dowlayaasha iyo Wasiir-kuxigeennada. 78. Xilka uga tagaa wasiiru-dowlaha marka uu wasiirku ka maqanyahay Wasaaradda. Haddii ay labaduba maqnaadaan waxaa loo magacaabayaa Wasiir sii yahay xilka. 79. a. Wasiiru-Dowlayaasha xafiiska Ra’iisul wasaaraha waxay fulinayaan waajibaadka uu u xil saaro Ra’iisul wasaaruhu ama Ku-xigeenadiisa. 80. Wasiiru-Dowlayaasha ka tirsan Wasaaradaha waxay talo-wadaag laleeyihiin Wasiirka oo ah madaxa Wasaarada 81. Wasiir-Ku-xigeeen kasta waxuu: 82. Fulinayaa howlaha uu u xilsaaro Wasiirka Wasaaradda iyo Wasiiru-dowlaha. 83. Talo-wadaag kala yeelanayaa hawlaha Wasaaradda Wasiirka iyo Wasiiru-dowlaha. 84. Fuliyaa wixii waajibaad dheeri ah ee looga baahdo iyadoo la dhawraayo nidaamka Dawliga ah. (Hawlaha & Waajibaadka wasaaradaha). Wasaaradaha Dawladda Federaaliga Ku Meel gaarka Somaaliyed waxay u gudanayaan Xilalkooda iyo Hawlahooda sida waafaqsan Axdiga Ku meel Gaarka Federaaliga Somaaliyed, Shuruucda Dalka, Xeer- hosaadyada , tixgelinayaan kuna shaqeynayaan tusaaloyinka Raii’sul Wasaaraha iyo Ku/Xigeenadiisa hadba kan markaas uu u wakiisho hawsha. Iyadoo la dhowraayo habsami ku dhaqanka Siyaasadda Dawladda Ku Meel Gaarka Federaaliga Somaaliyed, Diinta, Anshaxa iyo dhaqanka suuban ee Somaliyed Wasiir kasta waxaa ku waajib ah inuu qorshahiisa hawleed islamarkaasna hor keeno Raii,sul Wasaaraha si ay uga wada tashtaan una gudiyaan Golaha Wasiirada haddii ay u arkaan iney Waafaqsan tahay Siyaasadda Dawladda. 85. Qod. 10 86. ( Qeexidda Waajibaadka Wasaaradaha ) 1) Wasaaradaha Dawladda Federaaliga Ku Meel Gaarka, waxay u gudan donaan Waajibaadkooda Shaqo sida waafaqsan Axdiga Ku Meel Gaarka Federaaliga Somaliyed, Shuruucda Dalka, Anshaxa iyo Dhaqanka suuban ee Somaaliyeed. a) Waxayna Waajibaadkooda u gudan donaan iyagoo mar kasta wada tashanaayo, una daneynaayo danaha Ummadda iyo Dalkaba, islamarkaasna waafajinaaya Siyaasadda Guud ee Jamhuuriyadda Somaliyed b) Wasaarad kasta waxay waxay ku shaqeyn doontaa Qeexidda Waajibaadka lagu siiyey Xeer Hoosaadkani iyado uu Raii’sul Wasaaraha u xilsaaran karo Hawlo dheeraad ah haddii sidaas uu garwaaqsado. c) Qeexidda Hawlaha Wasaaradaha waa sida hoos ku qoran:- 87. Wasaaradda Garsoorka:- 88. Diyaarinta iyo soo jeedinta Shuruucda la xiriira Garsoorka 89. Dib u dhisidda Xabsiyada Dalka, maamuliddoda iyo Kormeerka Maxaabiista. 90. Diyaarinta Shuruucda iyo Mabadiida lagu dhaqaayo Cadaaladda , tan 91. Garsoorka,Qareennada iyo Notaayoyaasha iyo bixinta Rukhsadahooda. 92. Diiwaangelinta iyo kormeeridda Axsaabta Siyaasadeed. 93. Diiwangelinta iyo kormeeridda Hay’adaha Samafalka ( NGOs). 94. Wasaaradda Awqaafta & Arrimaha Diinta:- 95. Diyaarinta iyo soo jeedinta Shuruucda iyo Xeer hosaadyada Wasaaradda . 96. Nidaaminta iyo kormeeridda Hawlaha Xajka. 97. Arrimaha Diinta. 98. Xiriirka Waddamada iyo Ururada Islaamka ah. 5. Kormeridda Madrasadaha Islaamka iyo Rukhsad Siinta Guddiga Culimada. 2. Wasaaradda Arrimaha Gudaha. 99. Diyaarinta iyo meelmarinta siyaasadda gudaha ee Dalka 100. Soo jeedinta dib u habeynta gobollada iyo degmooyinka 101. Dhisidda golaha Odayaasha 102. Meel marinta dismayaasha ismaamul goboleedyadda Dalka iyo isku duwidda xiriirka ismaamul-goboleedyada Xukuumadda 103. Sugidda nabadgelyadda gudaha ee Dalka 104. Dhisidda ciidan nabadgelyo oo tayo leh. 105. Bixinta ruqsada dal-kujooga 106. Tirakoobka, diiwaangelinta iyo la socodka hay’adaha samafalka iyo shisheeyaha dadlka ku nool. 107. Ka qayb qaadashada did u heshiisiinta gobollada iyo degmooyinka 3. Wasaaradda Arrimaha Dibedda 108. Diyaarinta iyo meelmarinta siyaasadda dibedda ee dalka 109. Diyaarinta Siyaasadda Guud ee Arrimha Dibedda ee Dalka iyo Heshiisyada Caalamiga ah. 110. Xiriirka Diblomaasiyeed ee ay Somaliya la leedahay Dalalka Addunka iyo sameynta Xiir cusub ee Diblomaasiyeed iyo Qunsuliyadba.. 111. Sameynta Guddiyo la shaqeeya Urur Goboleedyada iyo kan Caalamkaba sida ku cad Siyaasadda Guud ee Arrimaha Dibedda ee Jamhuuriyadda Somaaliyed. 112. Diyaarinta iyo ka shaqeynta Xiriirada Caalamiga ah ee ay Somaliya ka mid tahay iyadoo la dhowraaya danaha Dalka iyo dadka Somaliyedba. 113. Kala talin Madaxweynaha, Raiisul Wasaaraha, Baarlamaanka Ku Meel Gaarka arrimaha Siyaasadda Dibedda iyadoo la dhowraaya awoodooda Shaqo. 114. Kala talin Madaxweynaha iyo Raiisul Wasaaraha arrimaha Diblomaasiyeed, Qunsuliyada iyo Kaaderka Siyaasadeed. 115. Uruurinta iyo diyaarinta Diiwan Guud ee Xogta Sirta ah ee Siyaasadda , dhaqaalaha iyo Bulshadaba Dalalka Shisheeyaha. 116. IV. Wasaaraadda Gashaandhigga 117. Fulinta siyaasadda dowladda ee ku wajahan difaaca dalka, sugidda nabadgalyadda iyo midnimadda qaranka 118. Hoggaaminta hawlaha la xiriira abaabulka dib u dhiska Ciidanka qaranka Soomaaliyeed (CQS) dhulka, gurmadka, badda iyo cirka. 119. Habaynta maamulka dadka iyo qalabka ciidanka 120. Isku dubaridka, dib u habeynta barnaamijyada tababarrada, hawlgelinta iyo taakuleynta ciidamada waqtiyada nabadda iyo colaadda. 121. Dejinta qorshaha horumarinta tayada ciidamada iyo casriyeeynta qalabka dagaalka 122. Xaqiijinta iyo ilaalinta xuddudaha qaranka ee dhulka, badda iyo cirka. 123. Ka qeyb qaadashada wax ka qabadka masiibooyinka dabiiciga ah. 124. Xoojinta xiriirada iskaashi ciidameed ee dowladaha aan saaxiibka nahay. 125. Kor u qaadidda aqoonta iyo garaadka ciidamada, dhinacyada ku dhaqanka, diinta islaamka iyo dhawrista shuruucda dalka. 126. Xaqiijinta ka fogaanshaha ciidamada u loolamidda siyaasadeed iyo kala dagaalidda dareenka iyo ficilada qabyaaladeed. 127. V. Wasaaradda Maaliyadda 128. Dejinta, qaabeynta iyo ilaalinta siyaasadda maaliyadeed ee dalka 129. Dejinta iyo dhaqan gelinta siyaasadda lacagta (Monetary Policy) iyadoo lala kaashanayo Bankiga dhexe 130. Ilaalinta, maamulidda iyo Dejinta nidaamka iyo naqshadda lacagta ka socota dalka. 131. Dejinta siyaasadda canshuuraha (Fiscal Policy) iyadoo lala kaashanayo Waaaradda lacagta 132. Diyaarinta shuruucda la xiriirta hay’adaha maaliyadda (financial Institutions) iyo horumarinteeda 133. Diyaarinta miisaaniyadda ku talagalka ee dalka (Estimate or Provisional budget) iyo midda xisaab xirka iyadoo lagu saleynayo isku dheeli-tirka dakhliga iyo kharashka 134. Ilaalinta iyo kontoroolka ku dhaqanka miisaaniyad sanadeedka iyo la socodka dhaqdhaqaaqa khasnadda dhexe ee dowladda 135. Diiwaangelinta iyo la socodka hantida qaranka ee gurto iyo maguurtaba. 136. Dejinta siyaasadda iyo maamulka deymaha gudaha iy dibedaba. 137. Diiwaangelinta iyo maamulka deeqaha lacageed iyo badeeco ( In cash or in kind) 138. La socodka iyo hubinta baahida maaliyadeed ee mashaariicda horumarineed iyo talo ka dhibashadda shuruucda iyo heshiisyada caalamiga ah ee uu ka dhalanaayo culeys lacageed. 139. Xoojinta xiriirka wax wadaqabsi ee bangiyada iyo hay’adaha lacagta ee Aduunka. 140. Xakamaynta sicir bararka iyo kor u qaadidda awooda lacagaha dalka. 141. Dejinta iyo horumarinta sharciyada qandaraasyada iyo maamulkooda. 142. IV. Wasaaradda Qorsheeynta iyo Iskaashiga Caalamiga 143. Dejinta siyaasadda iyo istaraatiijiyadda dhaqaalaha ee dalka. 144. Dejinta qorshaha horumarineed ee dhaqan dhaqaale ee dalka 145. Dejinta, dabagalka, kontoroolka, iy qiimeynta fulinta qorshaha qaranka (mid-gaaban, mid-dhexe iyo mid fog) iyo mashaariicda horumarineed 146. Soo nooleynta iyo xoojinta iskaashiga dhaqaale ee ka dhexeeya Soomaaliya iyo waddamada deeqaha bixiya iyo hay’adaha caalamiga. 147. Isku-duwidda barnaamjiyada iyo mashaariicda horumarineed ee dalka 148. Dib u habeynta sharciga maalgelitna shisheeyaha 149. Horumarinta iyo u bandhigida barnaamijka dib u dhiska dalka deeq bixiyaasha iyo hay’adaha caalamiga iyadoo lala kaashanayo Wasaaradda dib u dhiska iy guriyenta. 150. Raadinta iyo isku-duwidda kaalmada dhaqaale iyo soo jiidashada maalgelinta dibadeed ayadoo loo bandhigayo khayraadka dalka iyo ilaha ku haboon maalgelinta. 151. Sameynta sahanno iyo daraasado dhaqan-dhaqaale iyo tilmaamidda ilaha mudan kobcinta dhaqaalaha iyo maalgelinta. 152. Uruurinta, habeynta iyo qeexida xogta istaatistikada iyo sameynta tirakoobyadda dadweynaha, guryahay, xoolaha, warshadaha, beeraha, IWM 153. Dib u nooleynta xaruntii dhexe (Documentation Center) ee kaydinta xogta qaranka 154. Xoojinta wada shaqeynta iyo isku xirka waaxyaha qorsheynta ee wasaaradaha. 155. VII. Wasaaradda Warfaafinta 156. Dejitna iyo meelmarinta siyaasadda warfaafinta dalka 157. Faafinta siyaasadda, barnaamijyada iyo go’aannada Dowladda 158. Wacyi gelinta iyo hanuuninta dadweynaha iyo soo bandhigidda barnaamijyo diimeed, aqooneed, dhaqameed, faneed, cilmiyeed oo qiimo u leh bulshada. 159. Diyaarinta sharciga warbaahinta, saxaafadda, masawirrada iyo filimqaadista 160. Dib u noolaynta iyo tabinta dhaqanka, fanka iyo suugaanta suuban. 161. Casriyeynta qalabka warbaahinta maqal, muuqaal iyo qoraal. 162. Xoojinta xayeesiinta khayraadka dahan ee dalka 163. Uruurinta, keydinta iyo faafinta qoraallada la xiriira siyaasadda dhaqaalaha, bulshada iyo kuwa bii’adda ee dalka 164. Ilaalinta xuquuqda lahaanshaha soo saarista (Copyright) 165. Diyaarinta iyo dhaqangelinta sharciga xayeesiinta badeecadaha ganacsiga. 166. Habeynta rukhsad-siinta laamaha kala duwan ee warbaahineed sida: 167. Idaaacadaha maqal iyo muuqaalka ah (TV-yada Raadiyaasha) 168. Madbacadaha, wakaaladaha xayeesiiska kala duwan. 169. Wakaaladaha wax duuba ama soo saara (Media Production Agencies) 170. Jaraa’idka, qoraal xiliyeedka kala duwan, IWM 171. Baarista iyo hubinta anshaxa iyo asluubta filimada, iyo riwaayadaha, suugaanta iyo qoraalada 172. Xayeesiinta iyo soo bandhigidda quruxda bilicda dalka 173. Qaabeynta iyo ilaalinta rugta internet-ka dawladda 174. VIII. Wasaaradda Lacagta 175. Dejinta siyaasada dakhliga dalka 176. Diyaarinta shurcuucda canshuuraha 177. Uruurinta dakhiga dowladda ee gudaha iyo dibedda 178. Soo jeedinta kordhinta iyo dhimista canshuuraha 179. Ogolaanshaha canshuur dhaafka ee safaaradaha, hay’adaha caalamiga iyo kuwa horumarineed ee jooga dalka 180. Soo noolaynta iyo dib u habeynta hay’adihii dakhli uruurinta ee dalka. 181. Ku wacyi-gelinta dadweynaha muhimadda bixinta cashuuraha ku waajiba 182. Kor u qaadidda aqoonta iyo tayada wax qabad ee hawlwadeenada canshuur ururinta iyo dhiirigelintooda 183. Xoojinta xiriirka iskaashi iyo wax wada qabsi ee hay’adaha lacagta ee aduunka 184. Xoojinta xiriirka wada shaqeynta ee hay’adaha maaliyada ee dowladda iyo hay’adaha ilaalinta canshuuraha ee Booliska 185. Ku gudbinta dakhliga foomka F/35 iyadoo orijinaalka siineysa Bangiga Dhexe, Koobiyana kala siinaysa Wasaaradda Maaliyadda iyo Xisaabiyaha Guud 186. IX. Wasaaradda Ganacsiga 187. Dajinta iyo meelmarinta siyaasadda ganacsiga gudaha iyo dibedda 188. Kor u qaadidda ganacsiga dalka iyo suuq-geynta wax soo saarka dalka 189. Uruurinta macluumaadka iyo cilmi-baarista ganacsiga dalka 190. Dhiirigelinta maalgelinta shisheeye 191. Ka qeyb galka shirka ganacisga caalamiga iyo kuwa goboleedkaba. 192. Xoojinta xiriirka iyo iskaashiga ganacsi ee aan la leenahay aduun-weynaha 193. Dhismaha rugta Ganacsiga 194. Bixinta ruqsooyinka iyo leysimada ganacsiga dhoofinta iyo keenista iyo lasocodka dhaqdhaqaaqa ganacsiga 195. Qabashada Carwooyin ganacsi iyo ka qayb galka carwooyinka caalamiga 196. Xayeesiinta iyo faafinta badeecadaha dalka 197. Raadinta suuqyo ganacsi oo cusub 198. Kor u qaadidda aqoonta ganacsatada iyo u abaabulida ururo ganacsi 199. Ka hortaagga, barista iyo joojinta badecadaha mamnuuca ka ah ganacsiga adduunka a) X. Wasaaradda Xanaanadda Xoolaha 200. Dejinta iyo meelmarinta siyaasadda horumarinta xoolaha 201. Xanaaneynta iyo daaweynta xoolaha, ka hortagga cudurada faafa iyo kontoroolka daawooyinka xoolaha ee dalka la keeno 202. Soo Saaridda calafka xoolaha 203. Dhiirigelinta dhalan-rogga xoolaha iyo kor u qaadida tayada xoolaha 204. Habeynta xogta xoolaha 205. Kor u qaadida tayada xoolaha iyo hilibkooda ee la dhoofiyo iyo suuq-geyntooda 206. Bixinta shahaadooyinka caafimaadka xoolaha iyo Hilibka iyo waxii la halmaala ee la dhoofiyo. 207. Joojinta dhoofinta xoolaha dhadiga ah iyo dhaylada 208. Tababarka shaqaalaha caafimaadka iyo horumarinta xoolaha 209. dhiirigalinta shaqada digaaga (hilib iyo ukunba) 210. habeynta Xerooyin iyo seerooyin daaq 211. dib u nooleyta iyo casriyenta dugsiyadii waxbarshadadda iyo shaybarkii dhexe ee baarista cudurada xoolaha a) Xoojinta iskaashiga hay’adaha caalamiga iyo kuwa goboleed ee ku wajahan ka hortaga iyo wax ka qabadka xudurada xoolaha b) XI. Wasaaradda Beeraha. 212. Dejinta iyo meel-marinta siyaasada wax soo saarka beeraha 213. Kor u qaadida wax soo saarka beeraha si loo sugo helitaanka quudka daruuriga ah ee xilikasta 214. Ku dhiiri-galinta beeraleyda kobcinta wax soo saarka beeraha 215. Dib u eegidda iyo dhaqan gelinta sharciga ku dhaqanka dhulka iyo biyaha 216. Bixinta, diiwaangalinta, sharciyeynta iyo naqshadeynta dhul-beeradka. 217. Baahinta macluumadka cilmi baarista beeraha 218. Soo nooleynta adeega fidinta beeraha iyo deyn siinta beeraleyda yar yar 219. Dib u habeynta iyo hormaritna kaabayaalka beeraha, biyo xireernnada, buundooyinka, waraabka la xiriira kanaalada, biyo shuurka, darbiyada wabiga caro tuuradda bakhaarada raashinka dheeriga ah IWM 220. Dayactirka iyo horumarinta marin biyoodka beeraha 221. U Dhiiro galinta abuurida ilo dakhli oo kale. 222. Kordhinta miraha beeraha ee la dhoofinkaro iyo ku dhiiri gelinta abuurida geed mirood. 223. Tijaabinta iyo meel marinta hab dhaqameedka beereed ee casyriga (Agricultural Reform) 224. Dib u noolaynta iyo casrieynta dugsiyadii waxbarshada iyo beeerihii tijaabada 225. Xoojinta iskaashiga hay’adaha beeraha ee caalamiga 1) XII. Wasaaradda Kallumeysiga iyo Khayradda badda 226. Dajinta iyo meelmarinta siyaasadda ka faa’iidaysiga khayraadka badda 227. Diyaaritna barnaamkyadda kalluumeysiga ee ka faa’iideysiga khyraadka badda 228. La soocodka iyo qiimeynta dhamaan howlaha kallumeysiga. 229. Ku baraarujinta kallumeyatada xilliydda kalluumeysiga iyo ka hotagga jilaabashada kaluunka sii dabar go’ay 230. Sameynta sahmo iyo daraasado la xirrira khayraadka badda iyo ururinta xogta kaluunka 231. Soo jiidashada iyo ku dhiirigelinta maalgeliyaasha daneynaya kaluumeysiga iyo khayraadka badda. 232. Diryaarinta iyo dhaqangelinta heshiisyada kaluumeysi ee lala galayo dawladaha iyo shirkado gaar ahaaneed. 233. Hubinta tirade kaluun xiliyeedyada 234. Diyaarinta shuruucada kalumesiga ee qeexaya qaabka looga kaluumeysan karo badaheena 235. Xakameynta, ka hortagga iyo dambi ku soo oogida maraakiibta sida sharci-dardda ah u boobta khayraadka badda iyo kuwa ku daadiya wasakhda. 236. Bixin fasax kaluumeysiga ee xeebaha dalka iyo webiyada 237. Dib u habaynta, carsriyenta iyo hawlgelinta maraakiibta iyo maraakiibta 238. wacyi gelinta iyo ku baraarujinta daweynaha cunsita kalluunka 239. La kaashiga Haya’adaha caalamiga ee badda ilaalinta kharyaadka baddda iyo ceebaha 240. Wassaradda Tamarta a) Dejinta iyo meelmarinta siyaasada tamarta dalka b) Diyaarinta barnaamiyadda horumaritna tamarta baddiilka ah c) Dersidda, tijaabinta iyo horumarinta tamarta baddiilka ah (Alternative Energy) si loogu faa’iideeyo dadyowga ka fog magaalooyinka d) Horumarinta tayada iyo xooga tamarta si sare loogu qaado wax soo saarka beeraha, xoolaha, wasaaradaha, kheyraadka badda iyo bariga e) Sameynta daraasaad la xiriirta tamarta laga heli karo dalka sida xawaaraha dabeysha, kulaylka qorraxda, xoogga hirarka, biyaha kulul, biyaha webiyada, biomass-ka iyo xoogga nukleyrka, IWM f) Darsidda xoogagga tamar-dhaliyayaasha (Conventionalor alternative) iyo is barbardhigidooda xas farsamo iyo xag dhaqaale si loo doorto tamar-dhaliyayaasha ku habboon dalka g) Ku dhiirigilinta shirkadaha wadaniga iyo kuwa shasheee koronto gilinta magaalooyinka dalka iyo samaynta mashaariic wadaag ah h) Ku dhaqanka shuruucda caalamiga ee tamarta i) Tababaridda iyo kor u qaadidda aqoonta farsamo ee farsamoyaqaanada 241. Wasaaradda Warshadaha a) Dib u eegidda, Fulinta iyo meelmarinta siyaasadda dowladda eek u wajahan warshadeynta kuna salaysan nidaamka suuqa xorta ah b) Maamulidda iyo maareynta warshadaha dowlada iyo ku wareejinta hantilayda gaar ahaaneed Warshadaha ku habboon wada lahaanshaha ama lahaanshaha gaar ahaaneed c) Kontoroolka caynadda iyo tayada wax soo saarka warshadaha dalka d) Dhiirigilinta, nidaaminta iyo kobcinta warshadaha ayadoo lala kaashanayo hay’adaha ku shaqada leh e) Diyaarinta iyo tababaridaa xirfadlayaasha warshadaha ayadoo lala kaashanayo hay’adaha ku shaqada leh f) Dhiirigilinta warshadlayda ku dhaqanka teknoolijiyada casriga ah ee ku habboon warshadaha dalka g) Xoojinta iyo horumarinta warshadeynta khayraadka cayriin ee lagu helo dalka h) Dhiirigilinta iyo sameynta warshado soo saara alaabta iyo qalabka dibadda laga keeno i) Kor u qaadidda tayada wax soo saarka warshadaha si ay tartan u galaan suugyada dibadda. 242. Wasaaradda Macdanta iyo Biyaha a) Dejinta siyaasadda horumarineed ee baarista biyaha, shidaalka iyo macdanta b) Uruurinta xogta iyo diyaarinta khariiradaha muujinaya macdanta, batroolka iyo biyaha dalka ku jira c) Dib u habaynta iyo ku dhaqanka sharciga baarista macdanta, batroolka iyo biyaha (Mining Code) d) Soo jeedinta, diyaarinta iyo la saxiixidda heshiisyada shirkadaha baarista macdanta, biyaha iyo batroolka e) Xoojinta sahammada, baarista iyo soo saarista macdanta, batroolka badda iyo berriga ku jira iyada oo la kaashanayo teknooliyada casriga ah f) Dib u noolaynta iyo dayactirka sheybaarkii dhexe ee wasaaradda g) Xoojinta xiriirka baarista iyo wax wada-qabsiga shirkadaha shisheeye ee baarista kheyraadka dalka h) uruurinta iyo kor u qaadidda aqoonyahanadda iyo farsamoyaqaanadda macdanta, biyaha iyo batroolka i) Diiwaangilinta dhamaan injineeradda wadaniga ah j) Diyaarinta barnaamijka dib u dhiska dhismayaashii wasaaradda iyo wakaaladihii hoos imaan jirey iyo qalabkii ay mas’uulka ka ahaayeen k) U raadinta maalgilin shisheeye khayraadka dalka sida macdanta batroolka iyo biyaha l) Dabagalka heshiisyadii lala lahaa dawladaha iyo shirkadaha shisheeye ee jirey iyo soo noolayntooda m) Xaqiijinta sidii biyo nadiif ah dadka iyo duunyadaba loogu heli lahaa (Drinkable Wate) n) Ilaalinta isu-dheeli-tirnaanta deegaanka (Ecological balance) iyo ka dhowrista waxyaalaha deegaanka wax yeeli kara (harmful elements) o) Ilaalinta iyo daryeelka deegaan kasta oo ay hawl ka fulinayso (bad iyo bariba) p) Samaynta xiriir adag oo wada shaqeyneed wasaaradaha hawlahoodu is galayaan q) Dhiirigilinta shirkadaha wadaniga ah eek u lug lah horumarinta macdanta iyo biyaha 243. Wasaaradda Dawlaha Guud a) Dejinta Siyaasadda dhismaha dalka b) Dhismaha iyo dayactirka guud ee dhismayaasha dowladda, jidadka iyo buundooyinka c) dhismaha iyo dayactirka guud ee dekedaha iyo garoomada diyaaradaha ee dalka d) Diyaarinta iyo naqshadeynta iyo samaynta qorshaha magaaleynta (urban planning) e) Diyaarinta sharciga qandaraadyada dhismooyinka ee hay’adaha wadaniga ah iyo kuwa caalimiga f) Diiwaangilinta shirkadaha wax dhisa ee dalka iyo kuwa shasheeye iyo farsamoyaqaanada sare ee hawlan dhismooyinka dalka g) Diiwaangilinta dhammaan injineerada wadaniga iyo kuwa shisheeye iyo farsamoyaqaanada sare eek u hawlan dhismooyinka dalka h) Soo noolaynta, Xoojinta iyo casriyeynta sheybaarka dhexe ee kontoroolidda dhismayaasha i) Bixinta rukhsadaha dhismooyinka demanyaalaha ah. 244. Wasaaradda Dib U Dhiska iyo Guriyeynta a) Dejinta siyaasadda guud ee dib u dhiska iyo guriyeynta b) Diyaarinta barnaamijka dib u dhiska c) U raadinta maalgilin barnaamidyada dib u dhiska iyo guriyeynta ayadoo la kaashanayo waraashada qorsheynta iyo iskaashiga caalamiga d) Darsidda burburka, naqshadeynta iyo qiimeynta dayactirka dhismayaasha burburay e) Bixinta qandaraasyada dib u dhiska dalka iyadoo lagu salaynayo sharciga qandaraasyada f) Diyaarinta mashaariic guryo jaban g) Habeynta iyo maareynta guryaha dowlada 245. Wasaaradda Gaadiidka Cirka iyo Dhulka a) Dejinta iyo meelmarinta siyaasadda qaranka ee gaadiidka circa iyo dhulka kaabayaashiisa b) Diyaarinta iyo dhaqan gilinta shuruucda la xiriirta gaadiidka circa iyo dhulka c) Keenidda, Qaybinta, diiwaangilinta, dayactirka, maamulka, sumadsiinta, cayminta, tirokoobidda, kormeeridda, shidaal-siin iyo habsami ugu dhaqmidda gaadiidka dawladda d) Diiwaangilinta iyo summaadsiinta gaadiidka rayidka ah, kan diblomaansiyiinta ah iyo kan hay’adaha caalamiga ah e) Bixinta leysimada lagu wado gaadiidka dawladaha iyo kan rayidka ah ee darajooyin kala duwan f) Diyaarinta kaadir aqoon u leh waddida gaadiidka dawlada iyo kuwa dhaqankiisa g) Diyaarinta daraasado la xiriira horumarinta iyo casriyeenta gaadidka noocyadiisa kal duwan h) Saadaalinta iyo qorsheynta baahida gaadid ee dalka mustaqbalka dhow iyo kan dheer, ayadoo lala kaashanayo hay’adaha ku shaqada leh i) Samaynta, kaydinta iyo bixinta dokumentiga (Milkiyadda) gaadiidka dawladda iyo kan rayidka iyo kala wareejinta gaadiidka la kala gato j) Tijaabinta xaaladda farsamo ee baabuurta dadweynaha, dhaqangal iyo dhaqangab intaba k) Diyaarinta calmadaha caalamiga ah ee waddooyinka ayadoo wax-ka-qabashadooda lala kaashanayo hay’adaha kale ee ku shaqada leh l) Hubinta hagaagsanaanta iyo nabadgalyada waddooyinka ayadoo wax-ka-qabashadooda laka kaashinayo hay’adaha kale ee ku shaqada leh m) Dhismaha, Qalabeynta iyo maamulka Geggooyinka Diyaaradaha n) Tababaridda shaqaalaha hawlaha duulista iyo saadaasha hawada iyo abuurista machadyo lagu barto duulinta diyaaradaha iyo xirfadaha kale ee la xiriira gaadiidka rayidka ee circa o) Ilaalinta iyo ka warheynta duulimaadyada hawada dhex maaxaya p) Diyaarinta, dhaqan gilinta iyo ilaalinta xeerarka iyo heshiisyada caaliga ee la xiriira duulimaadyada rayidka iyo isticmaalka gegooyinka q) Sugidda nabadgalyada dayuuradaha iyo rakaabka saran, ayadoo la raacayo shuruucda u degsan, lana kaashanayo hay’adaha caalamiga ee ku shaqo leh r) Bixinta iyo sugidda laysimada duuliyayaasha diyaaradaha rayidka ah, hoggaamiyayaasha iyo xirfadlayaasha kale ee gaadiidka circa iyo kuwa ganacsiga ee shirkadaha diyaaradaha iyo garoomahada gaadiidka circa s) Abaabulka iyo samaynta heshiisyada caalamiga ah ee lagu hormarinayo duulista, ama la yeelanayo dalalka shisheeye ama shirkadaha dayuuradaha t) Diiwaangilinta iyo summadsiinta gaadiidka circa dalka laga leeyahay ama ka hawgalaya. u) Tijaabada, socodka iyo sugidda xaaladda farsamo ee diyaaradaha v) Uruurinta xogta iyo wararka la xiriira saadaasha hawada w) Qiimo u goynta iyo uruurinta khidmadaha laga qaado gaadiidka circa iyo rakaabka isticmaala adeegyada kala duwan ee ay bixiso wasaaradda G. Cirka & Dhulka ayadoo la kaashanaysa hay’adaha kale ee shaqada ku leh x) Diyaarinta daraasaadka la xiriira horumarinta, casriyaynta iyo aqoonta gaadiidka circa y) Dib-u-soo noolaynta iyo hawlgelinta hay’addii qaranka duullimaadyada Rayidka iyo Saadaasha hawada (H.D.R.I.S.H.) Somali Civil Aviation Authority z) Dabagalka, tirikoobka iyo dib-u-soo celinta hantida ay laheyd Shirkaddii “Somali Airlines†(Diyaaradihii, Qalabkii, guryihii iyo Xafiisyadii gudaha iyo dibaddaba ) iyo soo noolaynteeda aa) Arrimaha (hawlaha) kale ee la xiriira gaadiidka circa iyo dhulka ee aan halkaan ku qornayn 246. Wasaaradda Gaadiidka iyo Badda iyo Dekedaha a) Dejinta iyo meelmarinta barnaamijka siyaasadeed ee gaadiidka badda iyo dekedaha b) Horumarinta maareyn hawlaha gaadiidka badda iyo dekedadaha c) Xoojinta xeerarka caalamiga iyo iskaashiga wax wada qabsi ee dowladaha iyo hay’adaha caalamiga ah eek u hawlan gaadiidka badda iyo dekedaha d) Dejinta iyo soo saarista xeerarka ku saabsan khidmadaha adeegga ee gaadiidka badaha iyo dekedaha e) Dejinta iyo hergelinta barnamidyada tabaradda ee hawlwadeenada gaadiidka badaha iyo dekedaha f) Ilaalinta iyo dhaqangilinta shuruucda iyo xeerarka badda Soomaaliyeed iyo kuwa caalamiga ah 247. Isku-duwida iyo kormeerka dhaqdhaqaaqa hawlaha gaadiidka badda iyo dekedaha 248. Maamulida, gacan ku haynta iyo hagaajinta calaamadaha badda (sida feynuusyada ku teedsan xeebaha Soomaaliya) 249. Dib u soo celinta iyo dib u habeynta gaadiidka badda ee dowladda iyo ku wareejintooda hantilayda gaar ahaaneed maraakiibta ku habboon wada lahaanshaha ama lahaanshaha gaar ahaaneed 250. Dib u soo noolaynta iyo horumarinta dugsigii sare ee badda iyo casriyeynta cilmiga badaha 251. Abuurista waaxda ilaalinta dekedaha iyo xeebaha Soomaaliyeed 252. Bixinta ruqsadaha dhulka xeebaha (Coastal Areas) 253. Ilaalinta iyo kormeeridda wasaqaynta biyo badeedka dalka, iyadoo lala kaashanayo hay’adaha caalamiga ah ee shaqo leh. 254. XX. Wasaaradda Boostada iyo Isgaarsiinta 255. Meelmarinta siyaasadda horumarinta ee adeegga boostada iyo isgaarsiinta dalka 256. dib u noolaynta iyo adkaynta xiriirada boostada iyo isgaarsiinta caalamiga iyo kuwii goboleedka. 257. Ku dhaqanka shuruucda iyo heshiisyada boostada iyo isgaarsiinta caalamiga 258. Diyaarinta sharciyada diiwaangilinta shirkadaha gaarka ah ee boostada iyo isgaarsiinta 259. Xadididda, Ogolaanshaha iyo hubinta ku dhaqanka hirarka isgaarsiinta ee la oggol yahay 260. Gaarsiinta adeegyada boostada iyo isgaarsiinta casriga ah dhamaan goboladda iyo degmooyinka dalka 261. Isku-dubarididda, hubinta iyo la socodka shirkadaha isgaarsiinta ee gaarka ah iyo dhiirigelintooda 262. Soo nooleynta adeegyadii boostada iyo isgaarsiinta dowlada 263. Dib u soo nooleynta xarkihii telefoonada eek u aasnaa dhulka dowladda 264. Oggolaansha iyo fasax siinta shirkadaha isgaarsiinta iyo boostada wadaniga iyo shisheeyaha 265. Daabacaada, keydinta, qaybinta iyo iibinta istaambooyinka boostada dalka 266. Dib u dhiska, dib u soo celinta iyo maamulka dugsiyada boostada iyo isgaarsiinta 267. XXI. Wasaaradda Bii’adda iyo Maareynta Aafoyinka: 268. Dajinta, dib u habeynta iyo fulinta qawaaniinta bii’ada ee dalka iyadoo oo look ala hormainayo sida ay u kala mudan yihiin sida xamakeynta isticmaalka dhuxusha iyo xaarantimaynta dhoofinteeda 269. Dejinta iyo fulinta siyaasadda ilaalinta bii’ada quruxsan ee dabiiciga ah 270. Diyaarinta barnaamijyo habaysan oo lagu dayactirayo dhawaaqyada soo gaaraya bii’ada dalka, isla markaasna lagaga hortagayo waxkasta oo dhib u gaysan kara bii’ada dabiiciga ah. 271. Ka hortagga wasakhaha ay dalku gaarsiiyaan bii’ada dhulka, biyaha iyo hawada iyo waliba kuwa ay dabeecaddu keento. Isla markaasna ay dacwad ku soo oogto kuwa lagu tuhunsan yahay in ay ku daadsheen wasakh iyo haraadiga nukliyeerka badda Soomaaliyeed iyo berrigaba 272. Dejinta iyo fulinta barnaamijyo lagaga hortagayo abaaraha 273. Dejinta siyaasad dhaqan-dhaqaale oo ku salaysan horumarinta bii’ada, iyadoo oo laga ambaqaadayo ka faa’iidaysiga kheyraadka dabiiciga ah, waxna loo dhimaynin bii’ada dabiiciga ah 274. Raadinta hay’ado iyo dawlado deeq bixiya oo maalgiliya mashaariicda ku saabsan dhawritaanka baa’ida iyo la dagaalanka nabadguurka iyo waliga musiibooyinka dabiiciga ah sida abaaraha, fatahaadaha wabiyada, dhulgariirka, IWM 275. Kas qaybgalka diyaarinta iyo fulinta xeerarka iyo heshiisyada caalamiga ah ee la xiriira bii’ada 276. Asaasiyada iyo hirgelinta waxbarashada cilmiga bii’ada, iyada oo la dhisayo macaahid, goobo cilmi baaris, makhtabado, iyo maadooyin laga dhigo jaamacadaha 277. Faafinta barnaamijyo bii’adeed oo joogto ah oo lagu wacyi gelinayo dadweynaha si shacabka Soomaaliyeed looga dhaadhiciyo ahmiyadda bii’ada 278. Dejinta nidaam habsami ah loogu isticmaalo dhulka, sida qorsheynta isticmaalka dhulka si meel walba lagaga faa’iidaysto waxa ay ku habboontahay si loo dhawro bii’da 279. Ka badbaadinta dhulka iyo noolaha dhibaatooyinka bii’adda ku dhaca ee ay sababaan miinada iyo ficilada kale ee dagaalada 280. Asaasidda iyo maamulida seerooyin lagu badbaadinayo bilicsanaanta bii’adda, jiritaanka dhirta eek ala duwan iyo noolayaasha kale eek u nool badda iyo berriga 281. Ilaalinta iyo kor u qaadidda bii’adda deegameed sida nidaaminta magaalaynta 282. Joogtaynta xakamaynta bacaadka iyo nabad guurka iyada oo la daryeelka daaqsiinta 283. Helida ilo tamareed oo lagu beddelo isticmaalka dhuxusha iyo qoryaha 284. Fulinta ololeyaal mashaariiceed oo bacaad-celin, dhir beerida iyo carro-tuur ka ilaaliyo dhooqada iyo wasakhaha dibadda biyaha webiyada iyo kanaalada 285. Abuuridda iyo howlgelinta ciidamo ilaaliya dhirta iyo kaymaha 286. XXII. Wasaaradda Sayniska iyo Teknoolijiyada 287. Hirgelinta siyaasadda dowladda ee la xiriirta ka faa’iidaysiga cilmiga sayniska iyo wax soo saarka tiknoolijiyada casriga ah 288. ku dabaqidda cilmiga sayniska iyo tiknoolojiyada casriga horumarinta dalka 289. isku duwidda barista cilmiyeed ee wasaaradda iyo hay’adaha dalka iyo kuwa caalamiga 290. Abuuridda xarun qaran ee cilmi baaris oo ku qalabaysan sheybaar casri ah, leh qab lagu kaydiyo, laguna baaro xogta iyo raad raacyada dhibaatooyinka keena dib u dhaca wax soo saarka dalka 291. Baarista tiknoolojiyada casriga ah eek u habboon dalka 292. Kor u qaadidda aqoonta cilmi baarayaasha iyo farsamoyaqaanadda 293. Ku dhiirigilinta hay’adaha ka faa’iideysiga tiknoolojiyada wareed ee casriga ( Information technology) 294. Xoojinta iskaashiga hay’adaha caalamiga iyo kuwa goboleed ee ku lug leh culuunta iyo teknoolojiyada. 295. XXIII. Wasaaradda Dastuurka iyo Arrimaha federaalka 296. Diyaarinta dastuurka federaaliga ah ee dalka ayadoo la fulinayo qodobka 38aad Faq. 8aad Axdiga KMG 297. Dersidda iyo ka baarandegidda noocyada federaalka ee dunida ka jira iyo doorashada nooca ku habboon dhaqanka, caadooyinka iyo duruufaha gaar ahaaneed ee dadka iyo dalka 298. La shaqaynta iyo la tashiga guddiga qaranka ee dastuurka 299. Kala tashiga dastuurka federaaliga qaybaha bulshada 300. RAadinta khubaro ku xeeldheer dejinta dastuurka federaali ah oo ku habboon dalalka soo koraya. 301. u soo gudbinta daraafka dastuurka federaaliga golaha wasiirada ka hor dhammaadka muddada KMG 302. Diyaarinta iyo qabashada aftida dastuurka federaaliga 303. XXIV. Wasaaradda Xiriirinta Golaha shacabka 304. Iskuduwidda xiriirka u dhaxeeya golaha shacabka iyo golaha wasiiradda si loo damaanad qaado dawrka ka dhaxeeya golaha sharci dejinta iyo golaha gulinta 305. Ka qayb qaadashada qorshaha barnaamijyada siyaasadeed ee dowladda iyadoo u jeedadu tahay kicinta iyo abaabulida guud dadweynaha si ay u meelmariyaan siyaasadda guud ee dawlada 306. U bandhigida golaha wasiiradda fikradaha iyo tallooyinka ay soo jeediyaan golaha sharci dejinta eek u wajahan waxqabadka guud dawladda 307. In ay kala xiriirto golaha shacabka si loogu helo oggolaansho barnaamijyada, soo jeedinta iyo qorshaha guud ee dawladda, ka dibna ay u meelmariyaan una ansixiyaan mashaariicda xeerarka iyo qawaaniinta 308. Isuduwidda dhammaan hawlwadeenadda siyaasadeed ee jira kuwaasoo iyana markooda u sii gudbiya go’aanadda siyaasadeed ururka bulshadda eek ala duwan si wasaaraddu u hesho xogta dhabta ah ee jira bulshadda dhexdeeda, ka dibna ay ka diyaariso qaraarad iyo mashaariic xeerar una gudbiso golaha shacabka iyo golaha wasiirada. 309. In ay ku samayso dabagal joogta ah sida ay u fulaan go’aamadda ka soo baxa golaha shacabka eek u wajahan qaybaha kala duwan ee dawladda 310. U fududaynta gudiyadda goalaha shacabka hawlaha ka dhexeeya gudiyadda iyo wasaaradaha 311. U gudbinta gudiyadda golaha shacabka ee sharuucda iyo go’aanadda ka soo baxa golaha wasiiradaha 312. Gaarsiinta go’aanadda guud ee ka soo baxa golaha wasiirradda gudiyada kala duwan ee baarlamaanka 313. La socodsiinta golaha wasiirrada hadba hawlaha baarlamaanka ka sugayo 314. Horkeenida sharciyada laga soo gudbiyo golaha wasiirrada gudiyadda kala duwan ee baarlamaanka 315. Ka qaybgalka wasaaradda hawlaha xoghaynta guud ee galaha shacabka ka hor qabashadda kulamada loogu diyaarinayo fadhi xiliyeedka galaha shacbaka. Waxaana lagama maarmaan ah ka qaybgalka xafladaha fritaanka galaha shacabka si loogu qaybiyo waxqabadka wasaaradda. 316. XXV. Wasaaradda Dib U Heshiisinta iyo xallinta Khilaafaadka 317. Dejinta iyo meelmarinta siyaasadda dib u heshiisinta heer qaran gobol iyo degmo 318. La tashiga iyo la shaqaynta guddiga qaranka ee dib u heshiisiinta 319. Abaabulidda shirar dib u heshiisiineed oo siyaasadeed iyo beeleed 320. Qabasho aqoon-iswaydaarsiyo wacyi gilineed iyo abuurid jawi is afgarad, kalsooni iyo nabad ku wadanoolaansho. 321. Samaynta olole dib u heshiisiineed oo ka hana qaada aasaaska bulshada 322. Ka qayb gelinta hawlaha dib u heshiisiinta iyo nabadeynta bulshada rayidka 323. Ka hor tagga khilaafaadka dhaliya gacan ka hadalka iyo abuuridda qaab deg deg loogu xakameeyo dhacdooyinka noocaas ah 324. Ka faa’iidaysiga waaya aragnimada iyo awoodda maaliyadeed iyo farsamo ee hay’adaha caaliga 325. Dhexdhexaadinta iyo xal u helidda arrimaha la isku af garan waayo. 326. XXVI. Wasaaradda Tacliinta Sare 327. Dejinta iyo meelmarinta Siyaasadda tacliinta sare ee dalka 328. Maareynta iyo horumarinta tacsliinta sare ee dalka 329. Dejinta shuruucda macaahidda iyo jamadaha gaarka ah 330. Maamulka deeqaha tacliinta Sare 331. Dejinta, tayaynta iyo meelmarinta manhajka tacliinta sare 332. Diyaarinta aqoonyahano leh culuunta kala duwan ee loogu baahan yahay horumarinta dalka. 333. Xoojinta xiriirka hay’adaha caalamiga ah sida UNESCO, ALESCO iyo ISESCO 334. Soo nooleynta iyo casriyeynta maktabadda qaranka 335. Qiimeynta, diiwaangilinta, bixinta iyo tasdiiqa shahaadooyinka Tacliiinta Sare 336. Kor u qaadidda aqoonta barayaasha iyo bara-kaaliyayaasha 337. Dhiirigilinta iyo horumarinta cilmi baarista aqooneed ee jaamacadaha 338. Ku dhaqanka sharciga aqoonsiga shahaadooyinka jaamacaha ee caaliga. 339. Ku faafinta tacliinta sare gobollada 340. Soo nooleynta jaamacaddii Ummadda. 341. XXVII. Wasaaradda WAxbarashadda iyo barbaarinta 342. Dejinta iyo meelmarinta siyaasadda waxbarashada dalka 343. Dejinta sharciyada waxbarashada dugsiyada dowladda iyo kuwa gaar ahaaneed 344. Dejinta iyo dhaqangilinta manhajka guud ee waxbarashada dalka 345. Maamulidda iyo kor u qaadidda wabarashada dadka waaweyn 346. Dejinta imtixaanada guud ee fasalada 8aad iyo kuwa 12aad ee dalka 347. Tababaradda iyo kor u qaadidda aqoonta macalimiinta dugsiyada waxbrasho. 348. Maamulka iyo kormeerka qaybaha barbaarinta caruurta 349. Mideynta iyo hubinta ku dhaqanka manaahiijta waxbarashada ee dhammaan dugsiyada dowladda iyo kuwa gaar ahaaneed 350. Diyaarinta iyo hergelinta maktabado fasal ilaa heer iskuul 351. Hubinta iyo diyaarinta buugaag ardaydu wax ku barato manhajkana ku dejisan in laga helo goobaha dugsiyada waxbarashada iyo barbaarinta 352. Xoojinta xiriirka hay’adaha kala ah UNESCO, ALESCO, ISESCO, UNICEF, WFP waliba la balaariyo in waxtar weyn laga helo si loo soo kobo burburka aan xadeysaneyn kuna habsaday waxbarashada iyo barbaarinta 353. Hubinta iyo hergelinta in ardayda la qorayo dugsiyada hoos ee bilawga ah (elementary schools) ay yaqaanaan labada jus (Cama iyo Tabarak) ee qur’aanka kariimka ah shuruudna lagaga dhigo 354. Oggolaanshaha furidda dugsiyada waxbarashadda gaar ahaaneed 355. Diiwaangilinta bixinta iyo tasdiiqa shahaadooyinka waxbarashada dugsiyada hoose, dhexe iyo sare. 356. Hubinta qalabka iyo qaabdhismeedka dugsiyada waxbarashada 357. Abuurida dugsiyo farsamo oo heerar kala duwan. 358. XXVIII. Wasaaradda Caafimaadka 359. Dejinta iyo meelmarinta siyaasada caafimaadka ee dalka 360. Diyaarinta barnaamijka caafimaadka asaasiga, ayadoo laga ambaqaadayo heshiiskii Alma-Ata (1978) 361. Ku baraarujinta dadweynaha ka hortagga iyo daaweynta ducurada faafa iyo kuwa dilaaga ah sida TB, AIDS, IWM 362. Daryeelka caafimaadka hooyada, dhalaanka (MCH) iyo fidinta talaalka haweenka iyo caruurta (Family Health Care) 363. La dagaalanka nafaqo daridda iyo nadaafad xumida (Malnutrition and sanitation) 364. Dib u habeynta iyo horumarinta cusbitaalada dalka, dugsiyada caafimaadka iyo macaahidda cilmi baarista caafimaadka dalka 365. Tababaridda iyo kor u qaadidda aqoonta iyo waayo aragnimada taakhaatiirta iyo shaqaalaha caafimaadka 366. Dib u habeynta iyo casriyeynta qalabka Bankiga dhiiga 367. Xoojinta iyo qalabeynta xarumaha gurmadka deg dega ah ee dalka 368. Hubinta, diiwaangilinta iyo fasax siinta takhaatiirka, farmashiyaalka iyo shaybarada ku hawlan adeegga caafimaadka dadweynaha 369. Dhiirigilinta soo saarka daawooyinka iyo talaalka 370. Xoojinta xiriirka iskaashiga ee hay’adaha goboleed iyo kuwa caalamiga sida WHO, UNICEF, IWM. 371. U adeegsiga baarista caafimaadka teknoolojiyada casriga 372. Dib u soo noolaynta shaybaarka dhexe ee baara daawooyinka dhacay iyo cuntada ee dalka la keenayo (Tayo iyo waqtiga ay dhacayso) 373. Dib u soo noolaynta xafiiska faya dhawrka (Ufficio Igiene) ee baara nadaafada guud iyo meelaha laga cunteeyo. 374. XXIX. Wasaaradda Hiddaha, Dhaqanka iyo Fanka 375. Dejinta iyo meelmarinta Siyaasadda horumarinta hiddaha, dhaqanka iyo Fanka. 376. Horumarinta fanka iyo fanaanka 377. Soo nooleynta akadamiyada hiddaha iyo dhaqanka iyo matxafki qaranka 378. Dhawrista iyo kaydinta raadadka iyo qalab-taariikheedkii hiddaha iyo dhaqanka suuban 379. Raad-goobka iyo keydinta taariikhdii halgamayaashii dalka 380. samaynta baaris cilmiyeed la xiriirta arkiyooloji iyo taariikhdii soo jireenka aheyd ee Ummadda Soomaaliyeed. 381. Soo noolaynta iyo horumarinta tiyaatarkii qaranka 382. Dhiirigilinta abwaaniinta fanka iyo suugaanta 383. Abaabulidda tartamo faneed iyo suugaaneed 384. Ku fidinta barashada fanka iyo suugaanta dugsiyada dalka 385. Horumarinta farshaxanka iyo hal-abuurka sawirada 386. Qabashada bandhigyo faneed 387. XXX. Wasaaradda Shaqada iyo Badbaadinta Shaqalaha 388. Diyaarinta iyo hubinta meelmarinta siyaasadda iyo shuruucda shaqada iyo shaqaalaha 389. Shao bixinta shaqaalaha dowladda iyo kuwa aan dawliga aheyn 390. Ilaalinta xuquuqda shaqaalaha iyo tabaradooda 391. Xafididda dokumentiga, diiwaangilinta iyo xaqsiinta shaqaalaha dowladda 392. Samaynta tirakoob shaqaalaha 393. Isku duwidda iyo hubinta ku dhaqanka hay’adaha samafalka sharciga shaqaalaha gaar ahaaneed 394. Hubinta iyo xaqiijinta aqoonta iyo xirfadda shaqaalaha ajnabiga ah si shaqo uu qaban karo muwaadin Soomaaliyeed loo siin qof ajnabi ah 395. Hubinta u sinaanta dadka shaqada 396. Abuurista hay’adaha badbaadada shaqaalaha 397. Xoojinta xiriirka hay’adaha goboleedka iyo kuwa caalamiga ee shaqaalaha 398. Samaynta guddiga qiimaynta farsamada 399. La tashiga iyo la shaqaynta guddiga qaranka ee shaqaalaha dawladda 400. Dib u soo noolaynta xarumaha tababarrada farsamada shaqaalaha 401. XXXI. Wasaaradda Hub ka dhigista, dhaqancelinta iyo daryeelka. 402. Diyaarinta iyo meelmarinta siyaasadda eek u wajahan dhaqancelinta hub ka dhigista iyo daryeelka 403. Sameynta daraasado, sahamo, qorshooyin horumarineed iyo tirikoob ku salaysan xaqiiqo raadinta tirade maleeshiyada iyo dhalinyarada hubaysan iyo tirade naafada la daryeelayo 404. Wacyi gilinta iyo tababarida farsamo ee dhallinyarada hubka gacanta u galay si loogu soo duwo ka qayb gaadashada hawlaha bulshada 405. Diyaarinta machadyo (Rehabilitation centers and vocational training schools) dhaqan celin oo loogu magic daro qalinka qaado qoriga dhig 406. Diyaarinta manaahij iyo macallimiin tababarta dhillinyarada farsamooyinka kala duwan oo ay ku shaqaysataan 407. Dhisidda dugsiyo gaar u ah indhoolayaasha iyo dhagoolayaasha si loogu tababaro 408. U diyaarin tartan aqooneed iyo isboorti oo dhex mara naafada 409. Ka qayb gelinta naafada shaqada dowlada iyo kuwa gaar ahaaneed eek u habboon 410. Abuurid hay’ad madax banana ee daryeeshanaafada hoos timaada wasaarada 411. Xoojinta xiriirka iyo wax wada qabsiga hay’adaha kala duwan eek u shaqada leh dhaqancelinta, hub-ka-dhigista iyo daryeelka naafada ha noqdeen kuwo goboleed, qaaradeed ama kuwa caalamiga ah. 412. XXXII. Wasaaradda Dalxiiska iyo Badbaadada Duurjoogta. 413. Dejinta iyo meelmarinta siyaasadeed ee dalxiiska iyo daryeelka duurjoogta dalka 414. Dib u noolaynta, hanashada iyo habeynta xarumihii hore ee duurjoogta sida tii Muqdisho iyo abuurista kuwa cusub iyadoo xiriir lala yeelanayo dawlaha iyo hay’adaha caalamiga ah eek u hormay dalxiiska iyo duurjoogta 415. Diyaarin, abuuris iyo meelmarinta mashaariic horumarineed ee wajiyo badan leh lana xiriirta hawlaha ay wasaaraddu u xilsaaran tahay 416. Samayn jawi soo jiita dalxiisayaasha, iyadoo loo samaynaayo tuulooyin dalxiis, hoteelo ku habboon dalxiis, maababm qoraalo iyo tusmooyin ku habboon hawlaha dalxiiska 417. Samayn iyo ku faafin dalka oo dhan xirmooyinka duurjoogta oo loo daawasho tago, laguna daryeelo tarankooda iyo noloshooda 418. U samayn tas-hiilad dalxiisayaasha iyo xayaysiimo soo jiita iyaga 419. Ku dhiirigilinta dadweynaha iyo ganacsatada Soomaaliyeed ka qayb qaadashada horumarinta hawlaha dalxiiska iyadoo loo sahlayo shuruucda la xiriirta ka qayb qaadashadooda 420. Kor u qaadida tayada waxqabad iyo aqooneed ee shaqaalaha dalxiiska iyadoo lala kaashanayo dawlahada ku hormay dalxiiska 421. Soo bandhigida raadadka farshaxanka, qalabka hiddaha iyo dhaqanka suuban ee Ummada Soomaaliyeed caanka ku tahay, lalana kaashanayo Wasaaradda Hiddaha, Dhaqanka iyo Fanka 422. Ka qayb qaadashada ilaalinta iyo ka faa’iidaysiga goobaha taariikhiga ah ee dalka 423. Adkeynta, mamnuucidda, laynta iyo ka ganacsiga huurjoogta lana hirgaliyo shuruucdii hore uga degsanaa 424. Dib u soo noolayn iyo hawlgalinta ciidamadii hore u ilaalin jirey duurjoogta, lana xoojinayo xirfadahooda iyo tayadoodaba 425. Ka hirgelinta dalka siyaasadda furfuran dhinaca dalxiiska 426. Soo noolaynta iyo hanashada hoteeladii hore ee dawladda iyo dib u soo hagaajintooda, loona raadiyo maalgelin dibadeed 427. Xoojinta wax la qabsiga hay’adaha dalxiiska ee adduunka dhinacyadiisa kal duwan 428. Dhiirigilinta iyo kor u qaadidda tayada hoteelada gaar ahaaneed ee hada jira iyo kuwa la dhisi doono si ay u noqdaan kuwa ku habboon dalxiiska iyo soo jiidashada macaamiisha, martida iyo dalxiisayaasha 429. Kormeerka iyo dabagalka habsami u socodka hawlaha kala duwan ee Wasaaraddu u hayso qaranka 430. XXXIII. Wasaaradda Dawladaha Hoose 431. Dejinta iyo meelmarinta siyaasadda dawladaha hoose ee dalka 432. Ku dhaqidda dawladaha hoose sharciga ismaamul goboleedka dalka 433. Isku-duwida qorshaha iyo mashaariicda horumarineed ee dawladaha hoose 434. Kormeerka iyo dabagalka habsami u socodka hawlaha G/deegaamada ee dawlahada hoose 435. Xiriirinta iskaashiga iyo wada shaqaynta Ismaamul goboleedyada oo ay dawladaha hoose ka mid yihiin 436. Xiriirinta dawladaha hoose iyo dawladda dhexe 437. U raadinta maalgelin barnaamijyada horumarineed ee dawladaha hoose 438. Abaabulidda iyo qabashadda aqoon-is waydaarsiyo maamul, xisaabeed iyo farsamo oo kor loogu qaado tayada wax qabad ee hawlwadeenada iyo shaqaalaha dawladaha hoose ilaalinta danaha dawladaha hoose iyo hubinta xilgudashada Golayaasha deegaanada dalka 439. Kormeeridda habsami u maamulidda hantida dawladaha hoose 440. La socodka iyo u kuurgalidda hab-xisaabeedka dakhliga iyo kharashka dawladaha hoose ee dalka 441. Hubinta jaangooyada bilicsamida magaalooyinka dalka 442. Xiriirinta urur goboleedyada iyo kuwa caalamigaah oo ay iskaashiga la leeyihiin dawladaha hoose sida:- Magaalooyinka carbeed oo ay xubinta ka tahay Soomaaliya. 443. Xaqiijinta ku dhaqanka shuruucda u degsan canshuraha dawladaha hoose iyo xuquuqda kale oo qayb ahaan dawlahada hoose ku leeyihiin hay’adaha dawladda dhexe iyo kuwa madax banaanba 444. Gudashada xilalka ku xusan sharciga ismaamul oboleedka, midka caasimadda iyo shuruurcda kale ee la xiriirta hawlaha dawladaha hoose 445. XXXIV. Wasaaradda Dhallinyarada iyo Isboortiga 446. Dejinta iyo meelmarinta siyaasadda isboortiga iyo horumarinta dhallinyarada 447. Dib u noolaynta hay’adihii isboortigii ee dalka 448. Horumarinta tayada isboortiga ee dalka 449. Ka warqabidda iyo abaabulidda dhismaha guddiga Olombikada Soomaaliyeed 450. Ku wacyi gilinta dadweynaha iyo dhallinyarada muhiimadda isboortiga uu u leeyahay 451. Kor u qaadidda aqoonta farsamo ee ciyaartoyda 452. Dib u habeynta nidaamka iyo shuruucda ciyaaraha dalka 453. Xoojinta iskaashiga hay’adaha ku lugta leh isboortiga 454. Dayactirka dib u dhiska iyo casriyenta garoomada cayaaraha eedalka iyo qalabka isboortiga 455. Ka qayb galka cayaaraha iyo shiraraka caalamiga ee isboortiga 456. Abaabulidda tartamo kale duwan oo ciyaareed (Qaran, gobol iyo degmo) 457. Xoojinta xiriirka iskaashiga ee hay’adaha isboortiga ee caalamiga 458. Kala dagaallanka dhallinyarada dhaqammada xun 459. Uga abuuridda dhallinyarada xarumo isdhaafsi aqooneed, faneed, cayaareed iyo dodo cilmiyeed deegaannadooda 460. Uga samaynta dhallinyarada garoomo cayaareed iyo beero nasasho deegaannadoodo 461. XXXV. Wasaaradda Haweenka iyo Arrimah Qoyska 462. Dejinta siyaasadda horumarinta haweenka iyo caruurta 463. Xoojinta kaalinta haweenka ee hooyonimo iyo shaqaalenimo 464. Dhiirigilinta iyo horumarinta xarumaha xanaanada caruurta 465. Dhawrista xuquuqda haweenka iyo caruurta 466. Ka hortagga iyo joojinta gudniinka fircooniga iyo dhaqamada haraadiga ah 467. Ku wacyi gilinta dadweynaha u damqashada haweenka iyo caruurta 468. Diyaarinta barnaamijyada kor u qaadidda garaadka caruurta maqal iyo muuqaal 469. Xoojinta iskaashiga hay’adaha horumarinta haweenka iyo caruurta heer gobol iyo mid caalamiba 470. Isku-duwidda iyo hagidda ururadda haweenka 471. Ka warqabka iyo la socodka arimaha aqoonta 472. Furidda dugsiyada waxbarashada haweenka sida (Domestico) 473. La socodka daryeelka caafimaadka hooyada, dhallaanka iyo tallaalka haweenka iyo caruurta 474. Daryeelka aqoonta 475. XXXVI. Wasaaradaha Arrimaha Jaaliyadaha Dibadeed iyo Qaxootiga 476. Dajinta iyo meelmarinta siyaasadda dawladu ka leedahay jaaliyadaha Soomaaliyeed iyo Qaxootiga dibadda ku nool 477. U habeynta ururo bulsho iyo dhaqameed oo u hawl gala danahooda iyo midnimadooda 478. Tirakoobka jaaliyadaha Soomaaliyeed iyo Qaxootiga ayadoo lala kaashanayo mas’uuliyiinta dalalka ay ku nool yihiin 479. Ogaanshaha iyo la socodka xaalada nololeed ee jaaliyadaha Soomaaliyeed 480. Dhaqanka suuba ee Soomaaliyeed, iyo dhawrista shuruucda hab dhaqanka dalalka iyo mujtamaca ay la noolyihiin 481. Kala xiriiridda dawladaha u sahlidda waxbarashada iyo shaqaalaynta jaaliyadaha Soomaaliyeed 482. Ka faa’iidaysiga aqoonta, xirfadaha iyo dhaqaalaha jaaliyadaha Soomaaliyeed 483. Abuuridda jawi iyo tas-hiilaad soo jiita maalgilinta jaaliyadaha Soomaaliyeed iyo soo noqodka cidii u diyaar ah 484. U dejinta barnaamij dib u dejineedqaxootiga Soomaaliyeed gaar ahaan kuwa ku nool dalalka dariska ah, iyo u raadinta maalgelintiisa 485. Diyaarinta barnaamij dib loogu soo ilinayo qaxootiga Soomaaliyeed ee aan la aqoonsan ayadoo lala kaashanayo dawlahada maqan geliyey iyo hay’adaha caalamiga.

August 15, 2005 First National Emergency Budget by the Ministry of Finance Background On 15 October 2002, with the support and participation of the International Community, the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) sponsored Somali National Reconciliation Conference. The aim of the Conference held in Nairobi, Kenya was the creation of a broad-based all-inclusive government for Somalia that preserves the sovereignty, territorial integrity and unity of the country. Therefore, The formation of the Transitional Federal Government in accordance with the Transitional Federal Charter (TFC) signifies the end of the void created by the collapse of the Somali State beginning 1991 and return of civil order, rule of law and the provision of government services to the Somali Citizens. The Somali conflict that ravaged in varying intensity throughout Somalia during the last 14 years not only caused extensive and arbitrary loss of life and personal injury to innocents as well as physical destructions of properties but also fundamentally ripped apart the social fabric of the nation. In addition to deaths and destruction, the conflict resulted in the internal displacement of more than 370,000 people from their homes and places. Other 350,000 people are refugees in neighboring countries, while 1,000,000 are living in Diaspora. Somalia has the fifth lowest human development indicators in the world and it would therefore be appropriate to say that most Somalis spend most of their time trying to stay alive and keep their families alive . Introduction True, the long running Nairobi Somali National Peace and Reconciliation Conference has ushered a national government with the assistance of the international community but this government inherits a devastated country. Moreover, it has no basic facilities and resources to discharge its state duties and responsibilities. Nonetheless, it’s expected to function and show leadership, restore stability and order, re-establish the government institutions and structures, put in place appropriate legal and regulatory frameworks and mobilize resources to rebuild the shattered economy and social infrastructures. To meet some of the people’s high expectations, the reconstruction of the key sectors and the necessary basic institutions assume utmost priority. Budget Scope The Somali National Peace and Reconciliation Conference has approved with the knowledge of the international community a two-year program of Somalia’s Economic Recovery, Institutional Building and Resource Mobilization. Notwithstanding this, however, the Ministry of Finance on the consent of the Council of Ministers presents the financial requirement of TFG for the first-year, as budgets must be approved by the Parliament on yearly basis. Moreover, this exercise will afford the government with the opportunity to understand and more accurately determine its future successive budgetary requirements. In preparing this proposed financial requirement of the TFG for the first year and its physical relocation inside Somalia, the strategy was to identify the minimum needs for establishing the basic institutions and socio- economic infrastructure to adequately run the country. The attached estimates are expected to cover the initial needs of the TFG. Obviously, for the first year Somalia will entirely depend on the support and assistances of the international community. Effective mechanisms in utilizing this assistance will be put in place in a transparent and accountable manner. Such dependence will be reduced gradually to relieve the burden of international community, and for the purpose, the TFG will prepare revenue generation plan, strategies and procedures for collection of taxes, besides taping other sources of revenue. Qualified staff will be recruited and operational premises, such as offices at the airports; ports and boundary check points will be reactivated. Every effort will be made to generate sufficient resources locally in order to reduce the country’s dependence on external aid for budget support. Concept on developing the Budget Needless to say the requirements are immense and varied and the challenges, being posed by the fact that the government is at ground zero and everything must be started from scratch, are indeed enormous. Given the absence of reliable baseline data of the basic socio-economic statistics and information as well as the total inexistence of domestic revenue the first emergency budget will not provide macroeconomic information and analysis for projection. Because of this only reasonable guess-estimates are possible. Consequently, the figures presented hereunder are to be considered just as tentative and to the bare minimum. All areas of activity require studies that will take some time, and the Government, however, needs to start functioning and make a difference for the long-suffering people. It must initiate activities in all areas including, but not excluding, socio-economic, reconstitution of the state institutions and administrative structures, peace and reconciliation, restoration of law and order, legal and regulatory frameworks, capacity building, rehabilitation of the physical structures and social services. Most plans of action will be constantly monitored, adjusted and fine-tuned during the implementation stages. Constant monitoring and evaluation are key elements during the process of execution. As prescribed in the Transitional Federal Charter (TFC), the government’s responsibilities include the preparation of a budget to be submitted to the Parliament after the approval of the Council of Ministers. Therefore, TFG has decided to prepare its first budget called “First Emergency Budget 2005â€. The normal fiscal year is 1st January through 31st December each year, but the current budget will cover 1st May 2005 to 30th April 2006. The Budget allocation will be paid in local currency based on the market exchange rate at the time of payments. One of the main aims of the budget is to adopt good governance policies and practices at the early stages of the government’s activities. Therefore, the vision for the formulation of the budget is to ensure fiscal discipline, accountability, transparency, performance measurement, respect for the rule of law, sound financial management and accounting principles, and to underline the highest priorities that must receive available resources. Due consideration is also given to the inherent financial constraints obtaining at this crucial stage of the country’s history. The proposed program of action in the budget primarily concerns the revival of the socio-economic services, return to normalcy, restoration of law and order and the establishment of a properly functioning administrative apparatus. However, the underlying purpose of all these is to rebuild the Somali State, and to attain this objective, peace and security represent pre-requisite conditions. Consequently, some of the most plausible, logical and immediate tasks to be performed will include: 1. To demobilize and dissolve all organized and non-organized armed militia, regional and state forces not established in accordance with the Transitional Federal Charter, and to rehabilitate and reintegrate all the militia. 2. To form and train new forces prescribed in article 65 of the TFC to faithfully abide and preserve the Charter, the laws of the land and unity of the country. 3. To raise revenue in accordance with law to pay for the functioning of the state. 4. To create and train an administration capable of raising revenue and providing services to citizens and other inhabitants of the country. Article 71 (5) states that “ the Transitional Federal Government shall devote the necessary efforts to restore peace and security, free movement of people, goods and services, disarmament and collection of illegal weapons in the hands of the public for safekeeping, rehabilitation and reintegration of all militia in co-operation with regional administrations, traditional elders and members of the international communityâ€. Paragraph 8 of the same article states that “ Effective from the conclusion of the Somali National Reconciliation Conference held in Kenya, all militia organizations, armed groups and factions in the territory of the Somali Republic shall cease to exist and shall turn in their weapons to the Transitional Federal Government.†The Government is determined to carry out those duties in line with the spirit of the Transitional Federal Charter. Objectives of the Budget The main objectives of the proposed budget are: • Strengthening national reconciliation and peace building, democracy and human rights, gender equality and social justice, promotion of dialogue and peace negotiations. • There shall be no use of force against any group or regions that claim certain status and enjoy relative stability. But the national territorial integrity and sovereignty shall be inviolable and indivisible. • Building of Public Institutions or public administration with appropriate legal and regulatory frameworks. • Security, Disarmaments and demobilization. Reintegration of the militias coupled with job creation initiatives. • Setting up independent Justice system capable of administering the law fairly and justly. • Strict adherence to and promotion of the lofty principles of good governance. • Revival of the basic social services • Poverty reduction. • Undertaking of National registration, and demographic and economic data and statistics collection • Rehabilitation of basic infrastructures for immediate use. • Generating government revenue. • Promoting and supporting private sector in the production and delivery of services in the new free market economy. • Planning and promotion of reliable Power system and safe drinking water. • Soliciting International community’s diplomatic and financial support. Organizational structure of the State In conformity with the Charter and the Constitution of 1960 the State is organized and structured as follows: A. The Parliament comprising 275 members with officers (a Speaker and two deputies, a whip and two deputies, Three Secretaries and 10 Committees), plus ……………staff. B. The Presidency ( the President, one Chief Cabinet, …….. Advisors, …….. Staff. ) C. The Council of Ministers composed of the Prime Minister, 42 Ministers including three Deputy Prime Ministers, 11 Ministers of State, and 47 Assistant Ministers. D. The Judiciary composed of the Supreme Court, Appeals Court, Regional and District Courts. E. The bureaucracy or public administration. Each Institution will be allowed to employ a certain number of staff through the Civil Service Commission in accordance with the civil service law, regulations and procedures put in place before employment. F. Auxiliary organs: Governor of Central Bank, Accountant-General, Auditor-General, and Attorney General. G. National Commissions. H. Security Forces: Police 11,000, Army 12,000, Custodial Corps 500. I. 18 regions and 92 districts. The list of regions and districts is enclosed. The role of the international donor community The TFG will be entrusted with the execution of the budget provisions through accountability and transparency procedures. However, the budget implementation will depend on the availability of resources since all planned expenditures are subject to funding by donors. In the preparation of the budget, the TFG firmly believes that the International community is willing to support it in the fulfillment of its constitutional duties and responsibilities in order to gain legitimacy and the necessary acceptance of both the Somalis and the international donor community. It must be clear that lack of funding of the first emergency budget will undermine the successful functioning, legitimacy and credibility of the TFG as well as the declared willingness of the international community in restoring a viable Somali national Government. Therefore, it is important that the international community’s response to funding the budget is quick enough to consolidate the success so far achieved in the Somali National reconciliation Conference. The TFG is also fully conscious of the fact that the donor community has all the reasons to make sure the proper use of donated funds and, therefore, requests the international community to provide the necessary technical assistance to support the capacity building of TFI and the adherence to a sound management of the financial resources made available to TFG. Bloated civil service will be avoided by all means, and no payroll payments or other allocations can take place unless certain conditions are fulfilled. In the case of payroll, all staff must have employment decree certified by the General auditor and deposited with the General accountant and other concerned Government Institutions. Similarly, other expenditures shall have all required documentation and proper authorization issued by the legitimate organs concerned before budget execution. Government expenditure will be constantly contained within the limits of available funds earmarked in the approved budget and borrowing avoided. No one shall expend funds not provided for in the budget or for which financial resources are not available. The Central Bank is established for the purpose of supporting the government in the proper management of national financial resources as well as the establishment of financial and monetary system. Thus, a functioning Bank is necessary condition for ensuring proper management of public resources and attracting international support and investment. An efficient payment system based on the current electronic technologies facilitates the immediate revival and growth of our economy. This requires a credible Central Bank linked to the the international financial institutions, especially the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. The capitalization of the Bank coupled with technical assistance will speed up the establishment of modern Central Bank, national currency reform and the establishment of financial system that supports the economy. Preventing and combating Clanism and Corruption The government is fully conscious of the true socio-political environment under which it must function. The current landscape is characterized by uncertainties, fear, diffidence and people’s lost faith in government institutions due to past experiences of gross mismanagement and corrupted practices of clanism and blunders of public resources. Clanism, which is synonymous with corruption, is characterized by deceit, nepotism, cronyism, hypocrisy and immorality. To prevent clanism and corruption the government will set up at early stages the necessary legal instruments and mechanisms. Especial attention will be given to the areas considered to be of high-risk for corruption such as recruitment of civil servants, procurement and public tenders, customs, concessions and disposal of state assets. Government officials, to gain the trust and respect of the people, must show honesty and managerial rectitude. The government will be guided by high standards of morality, ethics, and its actions will be governed by the rule of law. It will be just, fair, transparent, accountable and corruption free to the fullest extent possible. Based on this concept, procurement and tenders will be under strict control and continuous scrutiny of the government because of the inherent political implications and social sensitivities. For this purpose, the Board of Tenders will be re-established without delay. Similarly, personnel matters will be justly addressed and diligently handled. Before permanently employed, all prospective state employees shall undergo through the processes of the Civil Service Laws and Regulations administered by the Civil Service Commission, which will be established soonest. The reason is that these two questions are highly sensitive and potentially explosive. As we all know, injustice and mismanagement of these areas were the main culprits for the fall of the military regime and, as a consequence, the demise of the Somali State. Conclusion On behalf of the Somali People and Government, I would like to express our gratitude to the International Community for their support to establish a functional government in Somalia after 14 years. I also wish to appeal to them to secure a faster funding that will enable the Government to relocate in Somalia and start functioning. On its part, the Transitional Government will ensure that appropriated resources are properly and efficiently used to agreed uses. In this context, the Government pledges strong political commitment to good governance, sound economic management and zero-tolerance to corruption. Thank You. Signed by Dr. Salim Alio Ibro Deputy Prime Minster and Minister of Finance

BUDGET PROPOSAL PRESIDENCY OF THE TRANSITIONAL FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OF THE SOMALI REPUBLIC 2005 – 2006 1 SUMMARY IN US DOLLAR 1.State House (Villa Somalia) $1,500,000 2.Office of the President $1,500,000 3.Presidency – General Administration $965,500 4.Presidency – Presidential Security $2,979,500 5.Presidency - Interim period before the completion of the State House $300,000 _________ Grand Total: 7,245,000 2 STATE HOUSE (VILLA SOMALIA) (Comprising Official Residence, Guest House and Presidential Offices) No. Description Amount USD Rehabilitation and repairing works 00,000 Furniture (State and guest house) 150,000 Offices ((furniture and equipments) 160,000 Facilitates (including health post) 100,000 Security camp and facilities 160,000 Service cars (different types) 260,000 2 Electric generators and accessories 100,000 Fuel (2 drams X 365 = 730D/Y) X 120 87,600 Maintenance of state house, restoration of gardens and other facilities 50,000 Total 1,347,600 Unforeseen 162,400 Grand Total 1,500,000 3 OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT (SALARIES AND ALLOWANCES IN US DOLLAR) No. Description Amount USD President allowance 5000 X 12 60,000 Council of advisors 10 X 2000 X 12 240,000 Special envoys 50,000 Private secretary – salary 1 X 1200 X 12 14,400 Aid-de-camp allowance 1 X 450 X 12 5,400 Total 369,800 Services 1,131,000 Grand Total 1,500,000 4 General Administration Salaries and allowance In US Dollar: No. Description No. of staff Entertainment Salary month person Allowance Total Total staff month Total Year 1. chief of Cabinet 1 1,250 500 1,750 1,750 21,000 2. Directors Department 8 800 300 1,100 8,800 105,600 3. Heads-Service 13 500 150 650 8,450 101,400 4. Heads-units 15 300 75 375 5,625 67,500 5. Office Clerks Secretary 50 225 25 250 12,500 150,000 6. Auxiliary Staff 50 150 25 150 7,500 90,000 7. professional Secretors 5 500 25 500 2,500 30,000 Total 47,125 565,500 Services In US Dollar No. Description 1. Office salaries 2,000 x 12 24,000 2. Communication services 3,000 x 12 36,000 3. Internal/external travel expenses -- 50,000 4. Transport expenses (allowances) -- 50,000 5. Fuel and lbe 2,000 24,000 6. Meetings 2000 24,000 7.. Entertainment expenses 2500 30,000 8. Repair and maintenance 1500 18,000 9. Purchase of minor items 1000 12,000 10. Documentation/publication 2000 24,000 11. Medicare 2500 30,000 12. Assistance donations 200 24,000 13. Auxiliary staff uniform (50 x 2 x 30) 3,000 14. Consumable items 500 6,000 15. Sundry expenditure 500 6,000 16. Sub-total 361,000 17. unforeseen 39,000 Total 400,000 Extraordinary items (purchase expenses) 234,500 Grand Total 965,500 5 PRESIDENTIAL SECURITY IN US DOLLAR 1. Salaries and allowances $2,356,500 2. Services $320,000 3. Capital Items: $300,000 _________ Total: $2,979,500

Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) The Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) in Eastern Africa was created in 1996 to supersede the Intergovernmental Authority on Drought and Development (IGADD) which was founded in 1986. The recurring and severe droughts and other natural disasters between 1974 and 1984 caused widespread famine, ecological degradation and economic hardship in the Eastern Africa region. Although individual countries made substantial efforts to cope with the situation and received generous support from the international community, the magnitude and extent of the problem argued strongly for a regional approach to supplement national efforts. In 1983 and 1984, six countries in the Horn of Africa - Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan and Uganda - took action through the United Nations to establish an intergovernmental body for development and drought control in their region. The Assembly of Heads of State and Government met in Djibouti in January 1986 to sign the Agreement which officially launched IGADD with Headquarters in Djibouti. The State of Eritrea became the seventh member after attaining independence in 1993. In April 1995 in Addis Ababa, the Assembly of Heads of State and Government made a Declaration to revitalize IGADD and expand cooperation among member states. On 21 March 1996 in Nairobi the Assembly of Heads of State and Government signed 'Letter of Instrument to Amend the IGADD Charter / Agreement†was establishing the revitalized IGAD with a new name “The Intergovernmental Authority on Development". The Revitalised IGAD, with expanded areas of regional cooperation and a new organizational structure, was launched by the IGAD Assembly of Heads of State and Government on 25 November 1996 in Djibouti, the Republic of Djibouti. The Intergovernmental Authority on Development is comprised of four hierarchical POLICY organs: 1. THE ASSEMBLY OF HEADS OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT is the supreme policy making organ of the Authority. It determines the objectives, guidelines and programs for IGAD and meets once a year. A Chairman is elected from among the member states in rotation. 2. THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS is composed of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs and one other Focal Minister designated by each member state. The Council formulates policy, approves the work programs and annual budget of the Secretariat during its biannual sessions. 3. THE COMMITTEE OF AMBASSADORS is comprised of IGAD member states' Ambassadors or Plenipotentiaries accredited to the country of IGAD Headquarters. It convenes as often as the need arises to advise and guide the Executive Secretary. 4. THE SECRETARIAT is headed by an Executive Secretary appointed by the Assembly of Heads of State and Government for a term of four years renewable once. The Secretariat assists member states in formulating regional projects in the priority areas, facilitates the coordination and harmonization of development policies, mobilizes resources to implement regional projects and programs approved by the Council and reinforces national infrastructures necessary for implementing regional projects and policies. 5. The Executive Secretary is assisted by three Directors heading Divisions of Economic Cooperation, Agriculture and Environment and Political and Humanitarian Affairs, and twenty three regional professional staff plus various short-term project and Technical Assistance Staff. The seven member states of IGAD - Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan and Uganda - cover an area of 5.2 Million sq. km and have a population of more than 160 Million. The IGAD region is very rich culturally due to its numerous ethnic groups, languages and religious practices. The average population growth rate of 2.5 % is one of the highest in the world and nearly half of the population is under 14 years of age. The region is highly affected by internal and external conflicts; therefore the joint peace and conflict prevention efforts of IGAD member states are crucial for a sustainable development of all countries. The region has abundant resources, which when properly developed and tapped could secure economic prosperity for the people, in particular, the rich endowment of rivers, lakes and forests, the large livestock stocks and the high agricultural production potential. IGAD provides the political platform through which the Governments of the member states pool resources and co-ordinate their efforts to initiate and implement regional programs and projects to tackle development challenges facing the region. As one economic block, IGAD region will have added advantage to effectively compete in the global economy. IGAD was initially created in 1986 as the Intergovernmental Authority on Drought and Development (IGADD) to coordinate the efforts of the Member States in combating desertification and promoting efforts to mitigate the effects of drought. In 1990, IGADD prepared and adopted a framework strategy for each of its food security and environment protection sectors. Under each strategy, intervention programs and projects were identified and elaborated. Some programs and projects that attracted funding were implemented. IGAD provided substantial support to its Member States through training, institutional and technical assistance, especially in the areas of Early Warning and Food information System, desertification control, natural resources management and environment protection. The Authority also provided a regular forum for policy and decision makers of the member countries to tackle desertification and drought issues as well as other emerging regional and international challenges. Realizing this potential, the Heads of State and Government at an extra-ordinary Summit on 18 April 1995 resolved to revitalise the Authority and to expand its mandate to cover political as well as economic issues. Consequently, the Authority was renamed the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) in 1996 and the Agreement Establishing IGAD was amended accordingly. The new Agreement gave IGAD an expanded mandate that defines inter alia, the following areas of cooperation among the Member States:  Enhancing cooperation and coordinating their macro-economic policies  Promoting sustainable agriculture development and food security.  Conserving, protecting and improving the quality of the environment.  Ensuring the prudent and rational utilization of natural resources  Promoting conflict prevention, management and resolution.  Respect of the fundamental and basic rights of the peoples of the region to benefit from emergency and other forms of humanitarian assistance.  Promoting trade and the gradual harmonization of trade policies and practices.  Gradual harmonization of transport and communication policies and development of infrastructure. While the Agreement Establishing IGAD identified some twenty areas of cooperation among the member states, the following three priority areas were identified as the immediate entry points for cooperation: ï€¡ï€ Food security and environmental protection; ï€¡ï€ Conflict prevention, management and resolution; and, ï€¡ï€ Economic cooperation and integration The Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) is the successor organization to the Intergovernmental Authority on Drought and Development (IGADD), created in 1986 by six drought stricken East African countries to coordinate development in the Horn of Africa. IGAD headquarters are in Djibouti. In April 1996, at the recommendation of the Heads of State and Government, the IGAD Council of Ministers identified three priority areas of cooperation: Conflict Prevention, Management, and Resolution, and Humanitarian Affairs; Infrastructure Development (Transport and Communications); and Food Security and Environment Protection. IGAD seeks to foster regional security and sustain economic development. The leading principles of IGAD are stipulated in the agreement establishing IGAD and are consistent and contribute to principles of both the United Nations and the African Unity. IGAD aims and objectives include promoting peace and stability in the subregion and creating mechanisms within the subregion for the prevention, management, and resolution of inter-State and intra-State conflicts through dialogue. Article 18 of the IGAD establishing Agreement states that member states shall act collectively to preserve peace, security, and stability in order to facilitate economic development. Along these lines, since its inception IGAD has been extensively involved in peace efforts in Somalia and southern Sudan. Today, restoration of peace in Sudan and Somalia remains the primary goal of the Assembly of Heads of State and Government. The IGAD peace process, a regional initiative based on a declaration of principles, provides the framework for resolution of Sudan's 17-year civil war. Kenya chairs the IGAD process, joined by mediators Eritrea, Ethiopia, Uganda. For the medium-term, IGAD is seeking to build capacity in the areas of conflict prevention and the alleviation and mitigation of humanitarian crises. IGAD has several important institutions. The Assembly of Heads of State and Government, which meets at least once a year, is the supreme organ of the Authority. The Council of Ministers, which is composed of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs and one other Focal Minister designated by each member state, meets at least twice a year. The Committee of Ambassadors, which is comprised of IGAD member states' Ambassadors or Plenipotentiaries accredited to the country of IGAD Headquarters, advises and guides the Executive Secretary. This advice is aimed at helping the Secretary realize the work plan approved by the Council of Ministers and interpret policies and guidelines that require further elaboration. The Secretariat is the Executive arm of the Authority and is headed by an Executive Secretary appointed by the Assembly of Heads of State and Government for a term of four years, renewable once. The Secretariat, in addition to the Office of the Executive Secretary, has three Divisions, one each in the areas of Economic Cooperation, Agriculture and Environment, and Political/Humanitarian Affairs. IGAD member states are: Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, Uganda, and Eritrea. Eritrea became the seventh member of IGAD following its independence in 1993. The peace talks between the Sudanese government and the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A) are carried out under the auspices of the Inter-governmental Authority on Development (IGAD). The IGAD was founded in Djibouti in 1986 by six African countries: Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, and Uganda. Achieving independence in 1993, Eritrea joined the organization in the same year. The original mandate of the organization was to cooperate in tackling challenges relating to drought and development. As regional response to the conflicts raging in IGAD’s area of operation became rather indispensable, the organization embarked on a process of revitalization, which was concluded in November 1996. Currently, the IGAD has three priority areas: food security and environmental protection; political and humanitarian affairs, including conflict prevention, mitigation, and resolution; and regional economic cooperation. IGAD’s search for peace in Sudan dates back to 1993. Both the Sudanese government and the SPLM/A agreed that the IGAD should assume the task of mediating their differences in an effort to contribute to a lasting peace in Sudan. Since July 1997, when the IGAD moved to adopt a different approach, the organization’s peace initiative in Sudan has been driven by a Peace Committee under the chairmanship of the Kenyan President, Daniel Arap Moi. Also included on the Committee are Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Uganda, which have significant stakes in the Sudanese conflict. The IGAD has made some progress, as the negotiating parties have accepted the 1994 Declaration of Principles (DOP) as the basis for negotiations, albeit with some resistance from the Sudanese government. The DOP covers a broad range of areas, including state and religion, self-determination, and interim arrangements. The DOP, in essence, gives the unity of Sudan a chance, while it also allows the people of south Sudan to opt for independence should it become necessary. Lately, the length of time between different rounds of talks has emerged as a concern not only for the Sudanese people, but also for the IGAD Partner’s Forum (IPF), a group of countries that politically and financially support the Sudanese peace process. To overcome this shortcoming, in July 1999, the Sudanese government and the SPLM/A agreed to an enhanced structure put forward by the IGAD mediators. The Sudanese parties gave their blessing to the establishment of a permanent secretariat in Nairobi, Kenya, the formation of technical committees for the key issues under negotiation, and the appointment of a Kenyan special envoy. Through its Track II Diplomacy Project, Project Ploughshares was very active in the process leading up to the enhancement of the peace process. The Project’s Kenyan director worked very closely with the Kenyan Ministry of Foreign Affairs to advise on the most realistic and efficient peace process structure, and consultations continue. Owing to the enhancement of the peace process structure, the peace talks between the Sudanese negotiating parties are now held more frequently than at any time in IGAD’s history. In the first quarter of this year, two rounds of talks were held in Nairobi, Kenya. The first set of talks, which was held in a friendly atmosphere, and was concluded in late January 2000, ended without resolving basic disagreements over state and religion. The second round of talks, which was launched exactly a month later, continued to address the same issues, including clarification of the regions in which the right to self-determination is to apply.

not to be shared at all - sir culus beey aheeyd

Last night, I watched a very touching movie that I rented from Hollywood videos: Sometimes in April about the Rwandan genocide. It had such a painful effect on me that I sometimes was emotional and crying. I remember going to see the movie Hotel Rwanda the first night it was released. Shockingly, I was also so emotional watching it and sometimes laughed in the theater in some scenes. But this movie had a different feeling. I have seen different interpretation of this horrible tragedy. The story in this movie had a extraordinary effect on me. It made me feel sorry for humanity. I cried for Rwanda, Bosnia, Chechnya, Somalia and all other African countries who went to similar tragedies. As the picture starts, it talks about the occupation of the country first by Germans who turned it over to the Belgians. The movie narrator let us know in a very convincing way about the whole European colonization was all about exploitation, greed and power. The so-called civilized and Christian white men from Europe came to convert the pagan African “savages†and open up new lines for commerce. Unfortunately, the colonizers turned their African subjects into beats and treated them like they were sub-humans. They pitted Rwandans against each other by using the standard model of “divide and ruleâ€. Unfortunately, After the Europeans left, taking everything of worth they could lay their hands on, their lessons of hatred and barbarity were continued by their victims: The majority Hutus labeled the Tutsi “cockroaches†A war of genocide began to cleanse the land of the favored and privileged Tutsi colonial “collaboratorsâ€. In this movie, you will definitely understand the roots why we “Africans†are all still caught up in these horrific ethnic and tribal wars. The movie’s main characters are two HUTU brothers: One is a journalist, the other a soldier. Surprisingly, The journalist becomes a member of some hateful Hutu clique that espouses the conflict-ridden colonial thinking of “us against themâ€. His brother,the soldier, on the other hand, is against such an evil. He is determined to be a professional military man trained to defend his country and people. He is more tolerant and more open-minded than his brother. He is married to a lady from the rival tribe and is the father of three kids. A psychologically contradictive drama divides this mixed family apart and it had some resonance in my mind and my childhood upbringing. In one of the memorable and emotional moments of the film, one of the sons asks his father whether they are Hutus or Tutsi. The father answers him back, “I’m Hutu and your mother is Tutsi. That makes you Hutu, according to our tradition.†Not pleased with such trivial answer, the son again asks his father a very intellectual question: “When I grow up, will my identity card say ‘Hutu’?†And his father replies, “Yes, but I hope one day it will simply say ‘Rwandan’.†It really reminded a conversation I had with my father early in my life. Sadly, this intelligent father’s and his inquisitive son’s dream is never realized;he and his brother and sister are slaughtered and butchered into pieaces simply because of having a Tutsi blood and look. Their Tutsi mother is brutally maimed and commits suicide later. The Rwandan army blacklists the father of the boys as a sympathizer. I don’t want to spoil the movie for you guys but I will urge every one to see it. It is a very painful and compelling movie that will change your whole view about tribalism and African ignorance. The movie was about Rwandans killing other fellow Rwandans. If you just replace the words “Rwandans†for “Somalis†you can understand why it brings tears to my eyes. In our ongoing and senseless civil war in Somalia, it is still the same “Somalis killing other Somalis†simply because the "others" were born to another clan and came from another region. There are no winners in such mindless bloody inhumanity and hatred. It is a no-win situation. So please let us all work to enlighten our nomadic folks who are still caught in this ignorance. Please go and rent the video or watch it on HBO. It will help you to see why we are so messed up.

Back to Story - Help Potty-mouthed? New English words are just lush Wed Aug 10,11:21 AM ET Do chuggers bother you when you want to rock up to a restaurant with your cockapoo to hoover a supersized ruby murray? Confused? Then you need to refer to the new Oxford Dictionary of English to understand a host of new words that appear for the first time in its latest edition. Among the new entries are "potty-mouthed" (meaning using or characterized by bad language), "lush" (very good) and "scopophilia" (sexual pleasure derived chiefly from watching others when they are naked or engaged in sexual activity). Some words, such as "demographic" (a particular sector of a population) have become commonplace but only now make it into the dictionary. They are joined by those emerging from new technology like "phishing" (fraudulently sending emails purporting to be from reputable firms to get individuals to reveal personal details). Many of the new words are simply formed by mixing two others together, such as charity and mugger making "chugger" (someone who approaches passers-by in the street asking for donations for a charity) and "labradoodle" (a cross between a Labrador retriever and a poodle). "To suit the pace of our lifestyle today there is a growing tendency to mix words together to make entirely new ones called blends," the dictionary researchers said. They also said there were now 350 ways of insulting someone -- from "chucklehead" to "muppet" -- ten times more than there were complimentary expressions, while there were 50 words for good-looking women, there were only about 20 for men. And for those without a dictionary to hand, "rock up" means arrive, "cockapoo" is a mix between a cocker spaniel dog and a poodle, "hoover" means to eat something quickly, and "ruby murray" is rhyming slang for a curry.

Wed Aug 10,11:17 AM ET BERLIN (Reuters) - A 75-year-old German was so shocked he had accidentally run down his wife he started forward and drove over her again, authorities said Wednesday. Police in the western town of Bad Nauheim said the man compounded his 73-year-old wife's misery after an onlooker told him he had just run her over while backing out of a parking space. The woman was rushed to hospital and survived.

Generosity 'legendary' By VIVIAN SONG, TORONTO SUN Mohamed Gilao, father of murder victim Loyan, is embraced and comforted by a family friend yesterday. (Stan Behal, SUN) THEY CALLED him Banks. Kids in the neighbourhood coined the nickname because every time they saw their mentor Loyan Ahmed Gilao, 23, he'd reach in his pocket and find some change to spare. "He used to call me 'Coach,'" said Liban Mohamed, 12, at the family's west-end home. "He used to cut my hair and take me to Raptors games ... He was legendary around here." Gilao and his friend Ali Mohamed Ali, 19, were gunned down early yesterday morning in the Wellesley and Sherbourne Sts. area, after spending the night at the Phoenix nightclub. Friends hauled a bleeding Gilao into their car and flagged down the nearest police, who called for help. Ali was visiting from Vancouver to stand as a best man with Gilao at a friend's wedding and was scheduled to fly home today. NO REGULAR CLUBGOER A third friend from Virginia was shot and is recovering at Sunnybrook hospital. Gilao wasn't a regular club-goer, friends said, but wanted to give his out-of-town friends a night on the town. At 4:45 a.m., Gilao's mother and father Mohamed drove to St. Michael's Hospital where they learned their only son had been shot in the neck and back. Gilao died in hospital. About 400 friends and family from the Somalian community streamed into the Gilao apartment all day yesterday to grieve and support the shattered family. "He was the first born of my family," Mohamed said. "It was a great loss for our family but also for the community because he was such a role model." Though he spoke in a calm and steady voice, red-rimmed eyes belied his courage. It wasn't until he looked at pictures of his dead son that the enormity of the loss shook him, and he fought the urge to throw up. In an ironic twist of fate, Gilao's dream was to pursue a career in criminology and forensics, Mohamed said, though he was enrolled in information technology at York University. "He had the biggest heart," said sister Meimuna, 20. "Everybody loved him ... He would light up the whole room when he walked in and had hugs and kisses all the time ... he was my best friend." ----------------------------------------- An 'unbelievable' loss Families try to cope with gun slayings of two young men Summer weekend began with a wedding and ended in death HENRY STANCU AND PATRICK EVANS STAFF REPORTERS Mohamed Gilao, a prominent figure in Toronto’s Somali community and a peacemaker in his native country, grieves for his son outside his Etobicoke home yesterday. More than 1,000 people are expected at an Etobicoke mosque this morning to mourn the deaths of two young men killed early Monday and to pray for Toronto's gun violence to end. Loyan Ahmed Gilao, 23, and Ali Mohamud Ali, 19, will be honoured in a 9 a.m. service at the Khalid Bin Al Waliid mosque on Bethridge Rd. near Kipling Ave. Last night, throngs of people visited, telephoned and emailed the two friends' families in Etobicoke and Richmond Hill. Mohamed Gilao, a prominent member of the Somali community in Toronto, described his son's death as "unbelievable" and the outpouring of condolences as "overwhelming." "Every week, we had set aside one day to communicate as father and son, but lately Loyan has been busy; we didn't have that opportunity in the seven days before he died. That's the sad part," he said, weeping. "My wife (Ayan Osman) is very strong for me and we are leaning on each other." Gilao, a third-year York University commerce student, and Ali were celebrating with a group of friends Sunday, the day after serving in the wedding party at a friend's marriage. The two were gunned down after a night out at the Phoenix Concert Theatre on Sherbourne St. They were with a group of six to seven men, standing at the corner of Homewood Ave. and Maitland Place after leaving the nightclub. A man walked toward them on Homewood and, without any words, pulled out a handgun and fired several times toward the group, police said. Ali died from a gunshot wound to the head and Gilao died from a gunshot wound to the chest, an autopsy showed yesterday. Gilao had been planning to announce his engagement to his girlfriend Zainab Ali in the coming months. The elder Gilao, who has travelled several times on peace missions to his homeland, is a respected figure in both the Somali community and across Greater Toronto. He was praised as a major "touchstone" in a community that transcends culture, religion and politics. Friends said the elder Gilao was given the Queen's Golden Jubilee Award two years ago and honoured with a YMCA Peace Medallion for helping people in his adopted community and homeland. The couple, who immigrated to Canada from Somalia in 1990, have four daughters, 8 to 20. In Richmond Hill, Ali's grieving family received relatives and friends at their house. Ali's uncle, Ahmed Jama, said that since Monday as many as 500 people had come to pay their respects. About two dozen mourners stood outside the home last night, talking in small groups and keeping a quiet watch on Ali's father, mother and three sisters. Visitors pulled up in a steady stream of cars. Neighbours came on foot. Ali's father, Mahamud Jama, said his son moved to Vancouver eight months ago to chase his dreams. He said Ali dreamed big, with all the energy and optimism of a 19-year-old man who had just begun to make his way in the world. "He had a lot of ambitions," Jama said. "He was planning to open a business, his own trucking company. He would say, `Dad, this is what I'm planning. I know I need to work hard.'" Jama said Ali came back two weeks ago for the wedding. He made a full vacation out of his Toronto visit, arriving just in time for Caribana two weekends ago, spending time with his family and attending the wedding on Friday. Jama said Ali's holiday was almost over when he was killed. "He had a rental car due Monday." Jama said his son wasn't involved in any gang or criminal activity. "My kid has never been with any gang," he said. "He was not violent. He had no record with the police." The gun violence in Toronto has cost Jama his only son, and he's furious about it. "Get rid of the thugs who are killing innocents," he said. "We are grieving now. Every day another family is grieving. The city has to clear this sort of thing up. We have to get rid of these guns." Ali was born 19 years ago in Hargeisa, Somalia. His family came to Canada when he was 2. Police are seeking a man in his 20s, 5-foot-10 to 6 feet and 150 to 160 pounds, with black braids and a goatee. He was wearing jeans, a black T-shirt and a blue do-rag.