A jet operated by Saratov Airlines crashed in the Moscow region on Sunday, killing all 71 people on board, according to Russian news agencies. Source: Hiiraan Online

Dowlad degaanka Soomaalida Ethiopia iyo Jabhada ONLF ayaa bilaabay wada hadal rasmi ah oo uga furmay magaalada Nairobi ee dalka Kenya. Madaxweynaha dowlad degaanka Soomaalida Ethiopia, Cabdi Maxamuud Cumar, ayaa hogaaminaya xubnaha wada hadalka la galaya jamhadda ONLF, taasoo muddo dheer dagaal kula jirtay dowladda Ethiopia. Waa wada hadalkii labaad oo dhexmaraya labada dhinac tan iyo sannadkii 2012, xilligaas oo shir sidaan oo kale ah la isugu yimid, balse wax natiijo ah shirkaas lagama gaarin. Arrimaha ugu weyn ee shirkaan la filayo inay kasoo baxaan ayaa ah xabbad joojin labada dhinac ay heshiis ku gaaraan iyo in lasoo afjaro colaada. Wada hadalkaan ayaa loo arkaa talaabo dhanka wanaagsan loo qaaday laguna soo afjarayo qalalaasaha in muddo ah ka taagaanaa Gobolkaas. Jabhada ONLF ayaa muddo dheer dagaal hubaysan kula jirta Dowladda Ethiopia dagaalkaas oo ay dad badani ku naf waayeen kumanaan kalena ku baro kaceen.

NAIROBI, Kenya (AP) — Eleven western envoys, including those from the U.S. and Britain, Sunday urged Kenya’s opposition leader to recognize President Uhuru Kenyatta as the country’s legitimately elected leader. Source: Hiiraan Online

Muqdisho (Caasimadda Online) – Madaxweynaha Somaliya Maxamed C/laahi Farmaajo, ayaa sheegay in la kordhinaayo duqeymaha ka dhanka ah Ururka Al Shabaab ee lagu beegsanaayo Saldhigyada Shabaabka ay joogaan. Farmaajo oo Wareysi gaar ah siiyay laanta Afka Somaliga BBC, ayaa wuxuu sheegay, iyadoo laga duulaayo dagaalka ka dhanka ah Ururka Al Shabaab ee dowladda Somaliya ku jirto in la kordhinaayo duqeymaha. Madaxweynaha Soomaaliya Mudane Maxamed Cabdullaahi Maxamed ayaa sheegay in dowladda Soomaaliya ay dalalka caalamka ka codsan doonto in duqeymaha la xoojiyo si looga adkaado Al-Shabaab. Waxa uu sidookale sheegay Madaxweynaha duqeynta lala beegsanaayo Shabaab in laga taxadaraayo i ay waxyeelo ka soo gaarto dadka shacabka ah, waxayna arintaasi ka wada hadleen masuuliyiin ka tirsan dowladda Mareykanka, maadaama Mareykanka ay fuliyaan duqeymaha diyaaradaha. “Duqeymaha waa dhab waa ay bateen waana ay sii badan doonaan, maxaa yeelay Shabaab iyo argagixiso in aan ka ciribtirno Somaliya muddo kooban, kaliya ma kula dagaali karno ciidanka dhulka ah, mana hayno ciidan cir, Mareykanka waxa ay ii xaqiijiyeen in bartilmaameedkooda uu yahay meelaha ay joogaan Shabaab, si dadka shacabka ah waxyeelada looga ilaaliyo.” Ayuu yiri Madaxweyne Farmaajo. Caasimada Online Xafiiska Muqdisho Caasimada@live.com The post Madaxweyne Farmaajo oo sheegay in la kordhinaayo duqeymaha lala beegsado kooxda Al Shabaab appeared first on Caasimada Online.

I would like to enlighten the increasing gangs in Hargiesa city, the worsening of the Security and it is impact on the people living in the city. Source: Hiiraan Online

MOGADISHU, Feb. 11 (Xinhua) -- Somali forces repelled an attack by the al-Shabaab militant group near the capital city of Mogadishu Saturday night, local authorities said Sunday. Source: Hiiraan Online

The ministry of health of Somaliland has banned all employees talking to media on Sunday. This was disclosed by the health minister, Dr. Hasan Ismail Yusuf who has issued a directive forbidding the engagement of media with staffers at the ministry without the consent of the minister. The minister has released a circular and apprised the deputy minister, the director general and heads of departments to put the order into operation and urged that all should comply with the new rule in place. The new directive will take effect from 7th February 2018 where the minister has released the circular.

Nairobi-(Caasimadda Online)-Wararka ka imaanaya magaalada Nairobi ee xarunta wadanka Kenya ayaa soo sheegaya in maanta Nairobi uu ka furmay shir u dhaxeeya wakiilo ka socda Dowladda Itoobiya iyo Jabhadda dib u xuraynta Ogaadeeniya ee ONLF. Jabhadda dib u xureynta Ogaadeeniya ee raadineysa xurnimada Soomaali Galbeed iyo Dowlada Itoobiyo oo waligood la dagalamayay ayaa isku haaya madaxbanaanida gobalka iyo dadka Soomaaliyeed oo ay Itoobiya Gumeysato waxaana dagaaladii dhacay lagu waayay kumaanan Soomaali iyo Itoobiyan ah. afayeenka Jabhadda dib u xuraynta Ogaadeeniya C/qaadir Xasan Hirmooge ayaa sheegay in maanta shir u dhaxeeya Itoobiya iyo ONLF in maanta Nairobi uu ka furmay isla markaana ay la tageen qorshayaal waa weyn. Shirkaan u dhaxeeya Itoobiya iyo ONLF ayaa la sheegay in qodobada looga hadlayo ay ku jiraan kuwa adagtahay in is faham laga gaaro soona taagnaayeen wax kabadan 40 sano oo ay wadahalo socdeyn, Itoobiya ayaa dooneysa in ay maamusho Dhulka Soomaali Galbeed halka ONLF ay doonayaan umadax banaani iyo Arimaha u gaarka ah Soomaali Galbeed ayuu sheegay Afayeenka ONLF. Dowldda itoobiya ayaa waxaa caaadis xoogan kuhaya wadamada yurub, ameerica iyo qaar ka mid ah Wadamada Africa waxa ayna shirkaan ku doonaysaa in ay kudajiso xaaladda siyaasadeed iyo midda amin ee kajirta gobolka soomaali galbeed. shirkaan ayaa kusoo beegmaya xila dowladda itoobiya ay gacanta kuhayso In kabadan 5,000 oo qof ugu yaraan 2,000 oo ka mid ah ay yihiin xubnaha sare ee ONLF waxaana la sheegaa in ay wajahayaan xaalado adag oo dhinaca Nolasha. Caasimada Online Xafiiska Muqdisho Caasimada@live.com The post ONLF iyo Itoobiya oo ku shiraya magaalada Nairoobi kadib Cadaadis ka yimid qaar kamid ah wadamadda aduunka. appeared first on Caasimada Online.

From 2010 to 2012, pirates ruled Somali waters, costing commercial ships billions of dollars in ransoms. Over the last few years, increased naval patrolling and security improved the situation drastically and many former pirates turned to fishing to earn an honest living. However, NewsHour Weekend Special Correspondent Jane Ferguson reports that domestic conditions could reverse this trend. BPS

Madaxweyne Cabdi Maxamud Cumar ayaa booqasho shaqo wuxuu ku joogaa Magaalada Nairobi, waxaana halkaas kusoo dhaweeyey Masuuliyiin ka tirsan Dowlada Kenya. Madaxweyne Cabdi, Madaxweynaha Dowlad Deegaanka Soomaalida ee Itoobiya ayaa intii ku sugan yahay Kenya wuxuu la kulmi doonaa Jaaliyada Itoobiya ee Dalka Kenya ku sugan. Madaxweynaha ayaa wuxuu hada la kulmay Wakiilka Hay”adacQaxootiga Aduunka u qaabilsan Arimaha Soomaaliya Cabdi Maxamed Afey iyo Siyaasiyiin ka mid ah Siyaasiyiinta Kenya ee kasoo jeeda DmGobolka Waqooyi Bari Kenya. Puntlandi Nairobi

HARGEISA–The Somaliland authority on Sunday affirmed the recommence of Somaliland-Somalia talks after a pause for quite some time. The resumption will be attended by delegations headed by Somali president, Farmajo and Somaliland counterpart Musa in Djibouti, where this will be the first face to face meeting between the two leaders. The minister has said that a date has not been fixed for the dialogue to restart but a common understanding has been reached between the two sides to reopen the negotiations which has been under suspension for certain period of time. Somaliland’s FM Dr. Sa’ad Ali Shire has confirmed that the request to restart the talks was first initiated by Somalia where it has been agreed that the two Heads of States will hold first face to face meeting in Djibouti in order to announce the reopening of the stalled dialogue. The FM has further cited that Switzerland has showed interest to play a mediator role in the talks which the minister said that he welcomed it. The minister stated that once the two leaders meet in Djibouti, then the formal talks will begin. The minister has talked about that Turkey used to give the venue but did not use to attend the talks as a mediator role although he affirmed that they made clear that there stance was to bring the greater unity of Somalia.

Afgooye–(Caasimadda Online)-Wararka ka imanaya degmada Afgooye ee gobolka Shabeellaha Hoose ayaa sheegaya in Xaalad deganaansho ah laga dareemayo kaddib dagaal culus oo xalay halkaa ku dhaxmaray ciidamada dowladda iyo Al-shabaab. Dagaalka oo aan weli la shaacin khasaaraha ka Dhashay ayaa Saraakiisha Ciidanka Dowladda ee degmadaasi waxa ay sheegeen in ay ka hortageen Weerar kaga soo wajahnaa dhanka kooxda Al_Shabaab. Wararkii u dambeeyey ee naga soo gaaraya Afgooye ayaa waxa ay sheegayaan in Ciidamada Booliska ay wadaan howlgallo baaritaano ah walow howlihii Ganacsiga Iyo isu socodka dadka Iyo Gaadiidka uusan saameyn ku yeelan. Taliyaha ciidamada booliska Afgooye C/qadir Cismaan Nuunow ayaa warbaahinta u sheegay in Al-shabaab ay weerareen meel banaanka ka ah degmada. Al-shabaab ayaa inta badan bartilmaameesadaan saldhigyada ciidamada dowladda iyo AMISOM ku leeyihiin degmada Afgooye qeybaha kale ee gobolka Shabeellaha Hoose. Caasimada Online Xafiiska Muqdisho Caasimada@live.com The post Xaalada degmada Afgooye ee gobolka Shabeellaha Hoose oo degan kaddib dagaal xalay ka dhacay appeared first on Caasimada Online.

By M.A. Egge The Dahabshiil Group of Companies heeded the calls for relief needs in the north and western parts of the country, especially Lughaya region. Following outcries that was first sounded a fortnight ago of the new spate of recurrent drought that is taking its toll in the western parts of the country, the Dahabshiil Group rose to the occasion and rushed the relief food supplies to over one hundred families of Kalawle area of Lughaya district. According to the company’s Awdal and Selel regional boss Mr. Haji Ismael Rirash, Dahabshiil decided to rush to the aid of the residents whose families were direly in need having been adversely and severely affected. He said that the relief aid they supplied consisted of basic foodstuffs such as rice, sugar, cooking oil and wheat flour which are basically the traditionally staple foods used in the country. Mr. Rirash appealed to similar entrepreneurs to rise to the occasion and help the needy. He noted that the Dahabshiil Group always stood by the needy in such times since, they, he said, were parts and parcels of their clienteles hence though it wise to return a portion to them in reciprocation. He likewise appealed to Somalilanders within the country and those abroad to eke in whatever support that they deemed fit. Whatever the case Dahabshiil group has led the pack to help the needy along the western coastal regions of the land in their time of need. Meanwhile it is worth noting that pastoralists along the Ethiopia – Somaliland border along Beligubadle-Salahley- Lebisagaal strip had crossed the border in such of pasture in the past couple of months following severe drought in the country. Similarly relief water supplies had been started in Borama in Awdal and Berbera in Sahil regions by various entities to quench thirsts of the needy.

INAA LILAAHI WA INNAA ILEYHI RAAJICUUN. GEERIDU WAA XAQ. Waxaa maanta oo ah Axad 11.02.2018 ku geeriyootay magaalada Garoowe ee caasimada Puntland Allaah ha u naxariistee Marxuumad Caasho Aden Warsame Islaan. Geeridaa naxdinta leh ee ku timid Hooyo Caasho Warsame Islaan awgeed waxaa tacsi tiiraanyo xanbaarsan loo dirayaa dhamaan Awladeedii Reer Xasan Cusmaan Yusuf Kenadiid ( Reer Xasan Nadiif) iyo Dhamaan qoyska Reer Warsame Islaan,Ehelkii iyo Asxaabtii ay ka baxday marxuumadu in Ilaah samir iyo iimaan ka siiyo. Sidoo kale Maamulka iyo Hawlwadeenada Shabakda Caalamiga ah ee Puntlandi waxay Tacsi gaar ah u dirayaan Suldaan Axmed Xasan Cusmaan Kenadiid geeridaa naxdinta leh ee ku timid Hooyadiis Marxuumad Caasho Aden Warsame Islaan, waxaana Ebbe uga baryeynaa inuu samir iyo iimaan ka siiyo, Marxuumada Allaah u naxariisto, Janadiisa Fardousana ka waraabiyo.

Muqdisho-(Caasimadda Online)-wararka ka imaanaya magaaladda muqdisho ayaa sheegaya in maanta lagu dilay askari katirsan ciimadama soomaaliye. Kooxo hubeysan oo watay Bustoolado ayaa Goordhow waxa ay dil ka geysteen meel aan ka fogeyn Isgoyska Sanco ee Magaalada Muqdisho. Askari ka tirsanaa Ciidamada Dowladda ayaa la sheegay in halkaasi lagu dilay,iyada oo dadkii ka dambeeyay dilkaas ay goobta ka baxsadeen. dad kusugnaa halka uu falka kadhacay ayaa sheegay in mar uun ay ka warheleen rasaas kadibna ay arkeen Askari ka tirsanaa Ciidamada dowladda oo Goobta yaalla. Ciidamo ka tirsan Dowladda ayaa gaaray goobta dilka uu ka dhacay kuwaas oo haatan halkaasi howlgallo ka wada wallow aysan jirin cid ilaa iyo iyo hadda ay u qabteen dilkaas. Caasimada Online Xafiiska Muqdisho Caasimada@live.com The post Askari Ka Tirsan Ciidanka Dowladda Oo Goordhow Lagu Dilay magaalada Muqdisho iyo Kooxahii dilka gaystay oo.. appeared first on Caasimada Online.

Mogadishu (HOL) - Somali president Mohamed Abdullahi Farmaajo is scheduled to meet with Somaliland leader, Muse Bihi ahead the resumption of Somalia-Somaliland talks. Source: Hiiraan Online

Somali president Mohamed Abdullahi Farmaajo is schaduled to meet with Somaliland leader, Muse Bihi ahead the resumption of Somalia-Somaliland talks. Source: Hiiraan Online

Muqdisho-(Caasimadda Online)-Magaalada Muqdisho waxaa maanta ka furmay shir u dhaxeeya Waddamada xubnaha ka ah urur Goboleedka IGAD ee dhaca Bariga Afrika. Shirkaan oo ka socda xarunta Xalane ee Magaalada Muqdisho, ayaa ahmiyadiisa waxa ay tahay shirka la tashiga wadamada IGAD ee la xiriira sidii si furan la isaga gudbi lahaa xuduudaha dalalka IGAD fiisa la’aan. Shirkaan oo ah kii ugu horeeyay ee noociisa lagu qabto Magaalada Muqdisho, ayaa wuxuu yahay mid ahmiyad wayn u leh Somaliya, haddii la isla garto wadamada IGAD ku bahoobay muwaadiniintooda Viisa la’aan inay isaga gudbaan. shirkaan ayaa waxaa looga hadlay hanaanka ugu haboon ee dalalka ku bahoobay IGAD, muwaadiniintooda Bilaa Viiso ay isaga gudbi lahaayeen dalalkaasi. Masuuliyiin ka tirsan dowladda dhexe oo ku sugan madasha shirka ayaa dhankooda ka dhiibanaya aragtiyada ku haboon Shirka. masuuliyiinta dowlada uga qabgalaya shirka ayaa saxaafada lahadlidoona markuu shirku soo idlaado ayagoona faah faahin kabixin doona wixii kasoo baxa kulankaan. Caasimada Online Xafiiska Muqdisho Caasimada@live.com The post Shir muhiim u ah soomaaliya iyo wadamada IGAD oo ka socda Muqdisho (Sawirro) appeared first on Caasimada Online.

Military wing of Hamas announces it's 'raising the state of alert' along the Gaza border in wake of the tensions in northern Israel Source: Hiiraan Online

Muqdisho (Caasimada Online)-Sida aan xogta ku heleyno waxaa magaalada Istanbuul ee dalka Turkiga isku uruursanaayo dhinacyada ka tirsan Xisbiyada mucaaradka ee ka jira dalka. Dhinacyada Mucaaradka ee isku uruursanaaya Istanbuul ayaa waxaa u badan Xildhibaano ka tirsan baarlamaanka Somalia, oo garab ka helaaya Siyaasiyiin iyo xubno kale oo ka dhex macaashaya dowlada iyo mucaaradka. Mucaaradka ayaa lasoo sheegayaa in shirar gaargaar ah uu uga furmaayo magaalada Istanbuul, waxaana loo badinayaa in halkaa uu gaaro Madaxweynihii hore ee Somalia Xasan Sheekh Maxamuud iyo garabkiisa ku wehlinaayay Siyaasada. Xildhibaanada mucaaradka ah ee la saadalinaayo inay wehlin doonaan Xasan Sheekh ayaa kamid ah Xildhibaan Faarax Cabdulqaadir oo gacan midig u ah Madaxweynihii hore. Xildhibaanada madasha ku balansan ayaa waxaa sidoo kale la sheegay inuu kamid yahay ex Ra’isul wasaarihii hore ee Somalia Cumar C/rashiid oo ka tirsan Golaha Aqalka sare ee baarlamaanka. Sidoo kale, waxaa ka dhex muuqan doona Xildhibaano farabadan oo ka tirsan garabka Damul-Jadiid oo qaarkoodba iminka ku sugan magaalada Istanbuul, iyadoo halkaa ay uga arinsan doonaan arrimo ku saabsan Siyaasada iminka taagan. Dhinacyada mucaaradka ayaa u muuqda inay aad uga soo horjeedan xasiloonida iminka ka jirta dalka, waxa ayna ku haminayaan in dalka uu dib ugu laabto xiisadihii Siyaasadeed ee Soomaalida kala geeyay. Qorshaha ugu weyn ee shirarka la saadaalinaayo ayaa ah in lagu caburiyo dowlada iminka jirta wallow ay taa ka gaashaamatay dowlada Somalia. Geesta kale, waxaan la saadaalin Karin waxa uu noqon doono biya dhaca shirarka mucaaradka uga furmi doona magaalada Istanbuul. Caasimada Online Xafiiska Muqdisho Caasimada@live.com The post Xog: Mucaaradka DF oo isku uruursanaaya dalka Turkiga & Qorshahooda oo la ogaaday appeared first on Caasimada Online.

Muqdisho (Caasimada Online)-Dowlada Somalia ayaa ku dhawaaqday in maalmaha soo socda ay magaalada Kismaayo ee xarunta maamulka Jubbaland gaari doonaan wufuud ka socta dowlada Turkiga. Dowladu waxa ay sheegtay in Wafdigaasi ay qiimeyn doonaan magaalada Kismaayo oo ah caasimada maamulka, waxa ayna ku dhawaaqday in Kismaayo lala mataaneyn doono mid kamid ah magaalooyinka ugu bilicsan dalka Turkiga. Sadiiq Sheekh C/laahi, oo ah Wasiirka wasaaradda howlaha guud iyo dib u dhiska Somalia, oo warbaahinta kula hadlay magaalada Kismaayo ayaa sheegay iney dardargelinayaan howlaha ay dowladda ka waddo Jubbaland. Wasiir Sadiiq Sheekh C/laahi, waxa uu sheegay in dowlada Somalia ay si dhaqsi leh ku bilaabi doonto qiimeynta iyo dhismaha magaalada Kismaayo. Waxa uu sheegay in la saxiixay heshiiska lagu mataaneynaayo Kismaayo iyo magaalada Antalya ee dalka Turkiga, waxa uuna carab ***** in talaabadaani ay soo dhaweeyen Jubbaland iyo shacabkeeda. Sidoo kale, Wasiirka ayaa yiri “Waxaa dhowaan imaan doona wafdi ka socda Turkiga, waxay ka shaqeyn doonaan in la mataaneeyo magaaladan iyo magaalo la yiraahdo Antalya” Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wasiir Sadiiq ayaa sheegay in sidoo kale laga shaqeyn doono sidii loo dhisi lahaa waddooyinka magaalada Kismaayo. Caasimada Online Xafiiska Kismaayo Caasimada@live.com The post DFS oo ku dhawaaqday arrin aad u farxad galin doonta maamulka iyo Shacabka Jubbaland appeared first on Caasimada Online.

Dire Dawa in eastern Ethiopia is a nostalgic city. Though the old train station is shuttered, each day at noon, its siren still rings out; residents complained a few years ago when the familiar sound briefly stopped. In the French-designed, colonial-style district around the station, the crumbling villas seem as trapped in the past as their aging occupants: erstwhile employees of Ethio-Djibouti Railways, which fell into disrepair and was eventually abandoned in the early 2000s. “It was a very beautiful city,” sighs Nigussie Lemma, a 79-year-old engineer who once plied his trade in the nearby factories along the historic railway. “I feel very sad these days when I compare the reality then with how it is today. I feel a lump in my throat.” But step away from the old quarter and this sepia-tinted past is soon shoved aside by the present. Dire Dawa is today a city on the make. A new $3.4 billion, 466-mile rail line connecting the Ethiopian capital, Addis Ababa, to neighboring Djibouti, now glides past an industrial park encamped on the surrounding plains. Seven miles west of the old train station, a new one rises from the desert while a noisy construction boom kindles the city’s once sleepy fringes. A plot of land here costs twice what it did just a couple of years back. Deputy Mayor Abdella Ahmed expects the city’s population to more than double, reaching one million, within the next decade. The revival of Dire Dawa is part of a bigger story, one that can be found all along the railway to Addis Ababa and even further afield, as countries across Africa resuscitate old colonial train routes in the hope of spurring industrialization, urbanization and economic growth. “Cities are where productivity happens,” says Paul Collier, a development economist. “But to work, the cities themselves need to be connected to something larger. Ethiopia is a country where the government really grasps the importance of physical connectivity.” The new railway is a key component of a hugely ambitious effort to catapult the country of nearly 100 million people to middle-income status by 2025 by linking the landlocked capital to the sea, as well as dramatically lowering transport costs for imports and exports. But as explains Dr. Getachew Betru, former CEO of the state-owned Ethiopia Railways Corporation, the vision is as much about urban development as freight logistics and transport times. “It’s all about industrialization and urbanization,” he says. “If you look at Britain or America in the 19th century, what was the game-changer? The most important game-changer was the railway.” If this is correct — and evidence from Europe and America, and more recently China, Japan and South Korea, suggests it may be — then the corridor from Addis Ababa to Djibouti is set for an enormous upheaval. The railway could transform the overwhelmingly agrarian landscape of camel and cattle into one of cities, suburbs and smokestacks. Railway towns like Dire Dawa and Adama — the regional capital for the country’s largest ethnic group, the Oromo, and only a short drive from Addis Ababa — will be the primary beneficiaries, or perhaps casualties, of this shift. How they and others like them respond to the coming urban boom will shape the country’s trajectory for decades to come. At the heart of the story will be, as is so often the case in Ethiopia, land. A LATECOMER TO THE URBAN ERA A journey on the new railway from Addis Ababa to Dire Dawa is a reminder that for all the talk of Ethiopia’s urban transition, the country still has an enormously long way to go. Shortly after the train pulls around the eucalyptus-covered hills that envelop the capital, it descends into farmland. The golden acres go on and on, almost without interruption, until the burgeoning industrial towns of Dukem, Bishoftu and then, on a shimmering plateau, Adama. After Adama, the countryside returns swiftly — emerald-green sugar fields on both sides of the track — as the carriage plunges to the floor of the Great Rift Valley. Then, it continues on through the endless expanse of dusty, arid scrubland that unfolds until Dire Dawa, nearly 250 miles later. Ethiopia may be one of the last big countries on earth to urbanize. China, on the eve of its liberalizing economic reforms in 1979, was at roughly the same point that Ethiopia is now — around 80 percent rural. China took off over the following decades, with over half its population now residing in bulging megacities and towns. Ethiopia, on the other hand, stagnated under communism and civil war for another decade. The current government, which came to power in 1991, brought stability and some important reforms. However, for most of its first 15 years, it neglected urban areas, choosing to prioritize agricultural productivity and rural incomes in order to curb the incentives that compel migration to cities in the first place. Since the mid-2000s, the focus has gradually shifted. This is, in part, simply a nod to reality: Ethiopia’s urban population has doubled over the past 35 years and is projected to reach around 30 percent by 2030, according to African Centre for Cities. But it also reflects an intellectual recalibration. The country seeks to follow in the footsteps of South Korea, Taiwan and China, the latter of whose development model — and political authoritarianism — the Ethiopian government has long admired. Ethiopia’s hope is that the large-scale conversion of rural land to urban land, the state-led delivery of mass housing, and the construction of industrial parks and high-speed rail will do for Ethiopia what it did for China: catalyze the country’s belated structural transformation. Added to this ambition is the sharpening imperative to spread urbanization more evenly across the country. The federal constitution mandates the government to pursue balanced and equitable growth across all the nine regions, but the capital, with a population of over three million, is currently 10 times larger than the second largest city, Dire Dawa. The former is also bursting at the seams. As the city’s footprint has grown, wider tensions with the surrounding region of Oromia have escalated, sparking mass protests, hundreds of deaths and a 10-month state of the emergency that the government only hesitantly lifted in August 2017. The country’s secondary cities are positioned to emerge as rival centers of productivity and growth. Adama and Dire Dawa are now expanding faster than Addis Ababa and have more space to do so. They have been selected as two of 12 major cities prioritized in federal government plans to promote what, in technocratic verbiage, it calls “clusters” of urban economic hubs along strategic transportation corridors, or “growth poles.” The cities both have two new industrial parks, either completed or under construction. Dire Dawa — at the crossroads that lead to the port in Djibouti to the north and in Somaliland to the south — has been earmarked as a special economic zone with a free-trade area, a dry port and a new asphalt road connecting it to Djibouti. Addis Ababa, like many large cities across Africa, is dominated by services and construction. But, in the secondary cities lies an opportunity for something rarely seen on the continent: urbanization with industrialization. They also lack the baggage of the early unplanned growth that marks the capital. “It’s very hard to retrofit a structure onto a mess,” notes Collier. Addis Ababa, founded in the late 19th century by Emperor Menelik II and his wife, Empress Taytu Betul, still has almost no proper sewage system. Nearly 80 percent of the inner city is defined by UN-Habitat as slum, and is a labyrinth of slapdash cottages lacking basic infrastructure like electricity, water or lighting. The government’s response has been to embark upon a highly controversial demolition program, which critics say causes displacement in the city’s poorer neighborhoods. Yet in towns like Dire Dawa and Adama, an alternative future is still tantalizingly possible. THE NEED FOR LAND Ethiopia’s Byzantine system of land governance has shaped its urbanization profoundly over the past four decades. After the last emperor, Haile Selassie, was overthrown in a military coup in 1974, all land was nationalized and private ownership abolished under the banner of “land to the tiller,” a popular slogan of students and workers at the time. Under this communist regime, known as “the Derg,” land use was managed through a system of permits through which people and organizations could use particular plots for indefinite periods in exchange for rent. However, they bore no relation to the market value of the underlying land and raised little revenue, leaving authorities bereft of the funds needed to build city infrastructure, provide basic services and maintain the rental properties they leased en masse. Cities, especially Dire Dawa, which also suffered from the decline of the railway in these years, crumbled as their populations swelled due to the arrival of immiserated peasants and wartime refugees. The incoming regime in 1991, the Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), shared the Marxist-Leninist leanings of its predecessor but, coming to power at the end of the Cold War, saw the imperative of reintegrating Ethiopia into the structures of international capitalism. It found itself with a land system that neither yielded much revenue nor encouraged the investment — foreign or domestic — that it was determined to promote. After much ideological soul-searching, it landed on what amounted to a middle way: a Chinese-style model that maintained state ownership of land while, in theory, unlocking its value by introducing a market for long-term leases. This model, unusual in Africa but common in Asia, has won plaudits. State ownership has helped the government capture some of the appreciation of land value that comes from urbanization. In theory, at least, 90 percent of what is raised through the process is to be spent on vital infrastructure. By 2006, land leasing had become the single largest source of municipal revenue in Ethiopia, representing between 77 and 145 percent of total capital spending by city administrations. “It’s the obvious way of financing the infrastructure,” says Collier. “In the rest of Africa the appreciation in land value has been captured by individuals and politicians rather than by society, so I’m very hopeful in what Ethiopia is doing here.” But this process has been fraught with challenges, especially for the cities outside of Addis Ababa. Part of the problem is technical: Understaffed local administrations with limited professional capacity are tasked with managing one of the most complex land-leasing systems in the world. Since 2011, commercial land is supposed to be released to the market entirely through competitive auction, but this process is slow and cumbersome. “The problem lies in its ability to respond quickly to urban expansion at scale,” says Richard Martin, an urban planner and consultant. “At the moment the system for managing land is all manual and is really not working very well.” Land must be developed before it can be put to tender, which means surveying, demarcating and clearing, then installing roads, water and the like — all of this costs more money than cities can easily raise. A string of city proclamations in the early 2000s devolved substantial powers to the local level, but land administration remains a key point of contention between mayors and regional presidents, which creates more bottlenecks. Chala Bekele, Ambo’s deputy mayor, describes an unwieldy process involving sending land requests up to the president’s office, followed by personal visits and then long periods of deliberation. “There’s so many ups and downs,” he says wearily. Rapid urbanization in China was largely paid for by government land revenues; the system in Ethiopia falls well short of this. Despite soaring demand, city governments still use auctions for only a small fraction of the total land allocated. One study found that in 2013, auctions accounted for only two to six percent of land allocations in the cities studied — the rest being delivered through private negotiation. Municipalities lose out on substantial sums by leasing land at well below market rates in this way. But visit the fringes of Adama and Dire Dawa, and it becomes clear that the problem is more than just technical — it’s deeply political. Viewed from the vantage point of those whose land is at the frontline of city expansion programs, the leasing system is trapped in a crisis of legitimacy. Just as the expansion of Addis Ababa ran into the resistance of farmers on the city’s periphery, both Adama and Dire Dawa face bubbling discontent as the authorities attempt to lease ever more land to investors and clear space for industrial parks, factories and roads. Adama’s 2010 footprint is projected to have swollen nearly fivefold by 2040, according to the New York University Stern Urbanization Project. “At this time we just don’t have enough land,” says Chala, the deputy mayor. “There’s a mismatch between supply and demand.” A 2011 land proclamation bolstered the compulsory purchase powers of local administrations, putting the city on a collision course with farmers and squatters in the peri-urban hinterland that surrounds the railway and the station. Protests against evictions have become increasingly commonplace. Two months ago, more than 100 “outspoken” youths were arrested in advance of a demonstration against the demolition of illegal settlements near the rail track, says 20-year-old Jonatan Gabele, an enterprising newcomer from the south who farms, sells soap, raises chickens and studies engineering from his undocumented compound nearby. “It was like a war,” he says of the ensuing confrontation with police. “They used teargas.” He and his friends have little faith in the system. “It’s become a source of income for them,” he says, explaining that some police and local officials extract bribes from households desperate to prevent demolitions. “It’s like hide and seek. People will build houses, then some informants will go and tell the authorities, they will come and demolish them, and then the people will build all over again.” Oroloffa Telila, a stocky 25 year old in denim jeans and jacket, agrees, pointing to scars on his cheek, stomach and hand — he was shot while protesting the demolition of a building on his family farm. “They came to demolish the undocumented houses that we built,” he says. “We had built one more for ourselves on our own land. They just said it was illegal, but it’s corruption. The police are looking for money.” Such conflict further shrinks the supply of formal land for housing, which in turns fuels the growth of informal settlements in a seemingly never-ending cycle. “The majority of residents have no choice but to settle on the periphery,” says Eshetayehu Kinfu of Hawassa University in southern Ethiopia. “So the cities are growing alarmingly, and not in a planned manner.” In Dire Dawa, Muktar Hamud, an official in the local administration, says that the majority of buildings in the new neighborhoods along the road to the train station are illegal, as farmers anticipating expropriation have divvied up their plots and sold chunks to city-dwellers. It’s cheaper for the new residents than a formal lease, but it comes with a hefty risk premium. A home can be demolished with only seven days warning, Muktar says, pointing to a large house near the road that has been bulldozed almost in half. CAPTURING LAND VALUE FOR THE PEOPLE Cities across the developing world are sprawling as land consumption outstrips the pace of population growth. Ethiopia’s peculiar fiscal architecture adds special incentives to the mix, though, because it’s one of the few countries in the world where a city’s own revenues are the primary source of finance for urban infrastructure. The formula determining the size of block grants from the federal government assigns only four percent to urban investment needs. Cities are expected to the fund the majority of their own services, though most have come to rely heavily on a World Bank-funded program that doles out financing to city administrations that demonstrate competence. No wonder, since the most recent data shows that only three percent of all revenues collected in Ethiopia is municipal. “City revenues are a problem,” confirms Chala. “The awareness of the people is very low — they won’t come and pay their taxes on time.” So leasing land has grown in importance, especially in railway towns where the arrival of new infrastructure has triggered rapid real estate development and pockets of very high-value land. This may work alright for the time being, but it leaves city coffers worryingly vulnerable to market volatility in the future. It also fails to capture any increments in value over time, since the revenue comes in the form of a one-off payment. According to the World Bank, Ethiopian cities are heading into a future where they will hold leases that do not generate revenues for 30 to 40 years. This then drives a cycle of acquisition, as penurious municipalities seek ever more land to lease for a profit. “It’s pushing cities into the peripheries,” argues Tom Goodfellow, an urban governance specialist at Sheffield University. “You get this one-off lump sum but that’s it. So you need more land — more surface area — just to keep the revenue coming in. This requires guzzling up more and more rural land and turning it into urban land, which may be politically unsustainable.” Yet there’s one measure that might provide just the right solution. Goodfellow points to the examples of Hong Kong and Singapore — which some call “property states” — where land value was captured through auctioning land leases, but also through various forms of property-related taxes, including annual taxes on real property and taxes on capital gains. For Adama and Dire Dawa, “land-value capture” of this kind might be the answer. A property tax can be administered locally — ideal for cities in desperate need of predictable and recurrent income. It’s socially progressive, and it nudges investors away from the kind of speculative froth that many reckon already marks the skyline of Addis Ababa. And, unlike leasing, effective taxation can strengthen the bond between governments and citizens — a possible salve for the suspicion and mistrust so evident in Ethiopia today. The Ethiopian authorities have begun taking steps in precisely this direction. A major four-year study and pilot project supported by the Gates Foundation was recently completed in Dire Dawa, as well as the regional capitals of Mekele and Bahir Dar. In February, experts from Britain will meet with Ethiopian officials to discuss reform. It won’t be smooth sailing; property taxes are administratively heavy. The last time Addis Ababa carried out a property census was in 1996, and secondary cities are even more out of date. Because leases are so much more expensive, most urban residents have resisted converting their old permits and still operate outside of a formal property register. Even for houses on the register, severe undervaluation is the norm. But it’s not impossible. Valuations, for example, needn’t be 100 percent accurate. Also, cities like Dire Dawa and Adama should find the system easier to implement than the capital, where political resistance is likely to be fierce. In Adama, “roof taxes” — a primitive and ineffective levy on buildings dating back to the Derg era — are already substantially higher than they are in Addis Ababa. The lease system itself is also ripe for reform. A revised law is reportedly being drawn up by the Ministry of Urban Development and Housing. Chala, the deputy mayor, expects the laborious process of securing land to be streamlined, with power over allocation returned to the city level. A sharp hike in the compensation paid to expropriated farmers is also in the cards, which, as well as securing greater goodwill from residents, should encourage more efficient land use inside city perimeters, since the entire cost of compensation is borne by cities themselves. The process could be improved further if farmers were also given a share of the increased value of the land. This would come in the form of a new plot in the same area, which they could then use for commercial purposes, like building a house to rent. “Then they have an improved income stream as a result of urbanization,” Martin says. This should happen already — expropriated farmers are supposed to be given 500 square meters of replacement land, according to authorities — but it’s often delayed or, as in areas around Addis Ababa where land is particularly scarce, fails to materialize. “If it’s going to work properly it has to be done in advance,” Martin adds. “They have to have this land allocated and transferred to them before they are forced to leave their previous farm.” A pilot project in partnership with four regional capital city governments including Adama, in which Martin served as the urban planner, encouraged authorities to expand their administrative boundaries many years in advance in order to plan for expropriation and allocation well before it happens. Endale Gedlu, a 78-year-old farmer who lives in the village of Giorgis overlooking the new train station, is evidence that expropriation needn’t always be traumatic. A few years back, four acres of his farmland were taken by the authorities as part of the railway construction. He used the money to buy a house, which he says he rents out now for 8000 birr ($292 U.S.) a month. “I love Adama,” he says, beaming. “It’s a city of gold!” If farmers can get a better deal from leasing, so too can city governments. George McCarthy, the president of the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, an American foundation that studies how land-use can be a solution to economic, social and environmental challenges, draws comparisons with the Chinese system. He says both could be improved with revisions to the length and terms of contracts. “The real structural problem you have here is that the leases are way too long,” he argues. Leases, he suggests, could be modified to permit more flexibility in term length, with options to alter rates if higher revenue were to be generated by any development of the land. Like Kevin Costner’s character in “Field of Dreams,” Ethiopia’s government abides by the simple maxim: If you build it, they will come. Much of what can be found along the railway from Addis Ababa to Dire Dawa is speculation on the future, but policies designed to ensure that both governments and residents benefit from the coming urban boom will only work if there is, in fact, an urban boom. It’s a high-stakes gamble. According to one study, Africa is the only region on earth where urbanization has so far not correlated with poverty reduction. In Ethiopia, still overwhelmingly rural, there is a real chance to buck that trend, but only if people move to cities, find jobs, and crucially, become more productive. Getahun Benti, an Ethiopian historian at Southern Illinois University-Carbondale, argues that what is taking place in Ethiopia is simply “demographic urbanization, or the rapid concentration of people in towns.” The ubiquitous sight of livestock being herded through the streets of Dire Dawa and Adama suggests there’s been little in terms of structural transformation so far. Few think their lives have improved much yet. “As a nation a railway is good for development,” says Jonatan, the young entrepreneur in Adama. “It’s good for the image of the country. But for us it brings no benefits.” It’s a common refrain in Ethiopia today, but it needn’t always be. Tom Gardner is Addis Ababa correspondent for The Economist. He has also written for The Guardian, Thomson Reuters Foundation, Quartz, Foreign Policy and others. Source: NextCity The post How Ethiopia’s New Railway Could Launch an Inclusive Urban Boom appeared first on Caasimada Online.

Golaha Amniga Qaranka ayaa kulankoodii Lixaad ku yeeshay magaalada Muqdisho, 6-10 Feebaraayo 2018. Shirkaas oo ka dhacay xarunta Maaxtooyada – Villa Somalia ee magaalada Muqdisho. Kulankan oo looga hadlayey arrimaha Amniga Qaranka waxaa shir-guddoomiyey Madaxweynaha Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya Mudane Maxamed Cabdullaahi Farmaajo halka kulankii looga hadlayey Tubta Siyaasadda loo Dhanyahay uu shir-guddoomiyey Raiisul Wasaaraha Xukuumadda Federaalka Soomaaliya Mudane Xasan Cali Khayre. Waxaa sidoo kale shirka ka soo qeyb galay Raiisul Wasaare Kuxigeenka Xukuumadda Federaalka Soomaaliya Mudane Mahdi Maxamed Guuleed, Madaxweynaha Puntland Mudane Cabdiweli Maxamed Cali Gaas, Madaxweynaha Jubaland Mudane Axmed Maxamed Islaam, Madaxweynaha Koonfur-Galbeed Mudane Shariif Xasan Sheekh Aadan, Madaxweynaha Galmudug Mudane Axmed Ducaale Geelle Xaaf, Madaxweynaha Hirshabelle Mudane Maxamed Cabdi Waare iyo Guddoomiyaha Gobolka Benaadir ahna Duqa magaalada Muqdisho, Mudane Cabdiraxmaan Cumar Cusmaan (Eng. Yariisow). Shirka wuxuu soo dhaweeyey Guddoomiyaha cusub ee Gobolka Benaadir oo ah kulankii ugu horreeyey. Shirkan wuxuu dabasocday shirarkii joogtada ahaa ee Golaha Amniga Qaranka yeelan jiray. Goluhu wuxuu bogaadinayaa booqashada taariikhiga ahayd ee uu Madaxweynaha Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya ku maray Gobollada dalka, gaar ahaan deegannada Puntland iyo Galmudug. Wuxuu kaloo shirku bogaadinayaa dhammeystirka Heshiiskii Maamulka Galmudug iyo Ahlu-Sunna-Wal_jamaaca. Shirkan waxaa diiradda lagu saaray qodobada soo socda: Arrimaha Amniga Qaranka Tubta Siyaasadda loo Dhanyahay 2020 Qeybsiga Kheyraadka Dalka (Khaasatan Kalluunka). Amniga Qaranka Goluhu markii uu dhageystay talooyinka ay soo jediyeen Guddiga Farsamada Amniga Qaranka, tixgeliyeenna aragtiyaha iyo talooyinka ku saabsan amniga dalka, Golahu waxay isku raaceen qodobada hoos ku xusan. 1.1. In ay Dolwad-goboleedyadu dar-dar geliyaan daraaseynta tirada iyo tayada Ciidamada Booliskooda oo ay ka mid yihiin Daraawiishtu, kaddibna la isku dhafo si waafaqsan Hannaanka Boolisaynta cusub (New policing Model) iyo qaab-dhismeedka Amniga Qaranka. 1.2. Dowladda Federaalku waxay ka caawineysaa Ciidamada Booliska Dowlad-goboleedyada oo ay ku jiraan Daraawiishta ( Hub, Saanad, Agab Ciidan, Raashin, Dawo, Gunno, Tababar iyo Tayeyn), ee kala qeyb qaadan doona Ciidanka Xoogga Dalka Soomaaliyeed (CXDS) hawlgallada ciidan ee lagula dagaallamayo argagixisada. 1.3. Ciidamada Booliska ee dowlad-goboleedyada oo ay ku jiraan Daraawiishtu waxa ay ka mid yihiin Ciidanka Booliska Soomaaliyeed ee hoos-yimaada kana hawl-gala heer dowlad goboleed, waxayna ka qeyb-qaadanayaan hawgallada ciidan ee wadanka lagu xoreynayo ayagoo kaligood ah ama kaashanaya Ciidamada Xoogga Dalka (CXDS) iyo AMISOM. 1.4. In la magacaabo lana howl-geliyo guddiga isku dhafka ee Ciidamada Xoogga Dalka Soomaaliyeed (CXDS). 1.5. Guddiga Farsamada ee Amniga Qaranka oo ka kooban heer Federaal iyo mid Gobol, waxaa la go’aamiyey in ay kulmaan saddexdii asbuucba hal mar, waxayna xog dhammeystiran la wadaagayaan Madaxweynaha JFS iyo Madaxdooda. 1.6. In Xafiiska Amniga Qaranka qorsheeyo una helo miisaaniyad lagu hawl-geliyo xafiisyada amniga ee Dowlad-goboleedyada. 1.7. in la dadajiyo dhameystirk ciidamada DANAB sida ku xusan qaab-dhismeedka Amniga Qaranka. Ciidamada Danab waa in la isugu dhafaa si heer qaran ah tababarka kahor. Arrimaha Siyaasadda 2.1. Waxay Xukuumadda Federaalka soo bandhigtay qorshaha Tubta Siyaasadda ee loo dhanyahay ee 2020-ka, taasoo dood iyo falanqayn dheer kadib la isla gartay in ay fulinteeda kawada qayb qaataan Dawladda Federaalka iyo Dawladaha Xubnaha ka ah iyo Gobolka Benaadir. 2.2. Waxaa lagu heshiiyey in la magacaabo guddi farsamo oo ka kooban toban (10) xubnood oo kasoo tala bixin doona Arrimaha Federaalka. Ra’iisul Wasaaraha ayaa si rasmi ah wareegto ugu soo saari doona xubnaha guddiga farsamada iyo waajibaadkooda shaqo. 2.3. Iyadoo la tixgalinayo shaqada baaxadda leh ee ay soo qabatay Wasaaradda Arrimaha Gudaha, Federaalka iyo Dib-u-heshiisiinta ee Arrimaha Sharciga Doorashooyinka, lagana duulayo baahida loo qabo in la kala xusho Noocyada Doorashada ee jiri kara, si loo diyaariyo Sharciga doorashooyinka ee lagama maarmaanka u ah taabagalinta Doorashooyinka qof iyo cod ee 2020-ka, waxaa Gudiyada Farsamada la farayaa inay si dhaqsa ah usoo gudbiyaan nidaam doorashada uu dalku qaadanayo muddo aan ka badnayn Afar (4) todobaad. 2.4. Shirku wuxuu soo dhaweeyey isla markaasna bogaadiyey horumarka laga sameeyey arrimaha wadatashiga Doorashooyinka ee Guddiga Madax-bannaan ee doorashooyinku ka sameeyey qaybo badan oo Gobollada iyo Degmooyinka dalka kamid ah. 2.5. Waxaa la isku raacay in Guddiga Madaxa-bannaan ee Doorashooyinku soo dhammeystiro degaanada ugu dhiman wadatashiga dadwaynaha ee arrimaha doorashooyinka. 2.6. Shir-waynuhu wuxuu hoosta-ka-xariiqay ahmiyadda ay leedahay qabsoomidda Doorasho qof iyo cod ah ee 2020-ka sida loogu talagalay. Sidaa darteedna waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in Guddiga Doorashooyinka la siiyo taageerada ay u baahanyihiin Siyaasad iyo Dhaqaala ahaanba. 2.7. Markey madaxdu dhagaysatay war-bixintii Wasiirka Wasaaradda Dastuurka uu ku faahfaahiyey horumarka laga sameeyey Tubta dib-u-eegista Dastuurka ku meelgaarka ah, Waxaa la isla qaatay in hawlaha dib-u-eegista Dastuurka ku meelgaarka ah lagusoo gabogabeeyo sannadka 2018-ka, iyadoo qodabadda dib-u-eegista loo kala hormarinayo siday u kala muhiimsan yihiin. Arrimaha Wadaagista Khayraadka 3.1. Markii shirku dhagaystay war-bixintii Wasiirka Wasaaradda Kalluumaysiga iyo khayraadka Badda lana tixgaliyey baahida deg-degga ah ee loo qabo ka faa’ifaysiga Khayraadka badda: Waxaa la isla qaatay in la saxiixo Heshiis ku-meel gaar ah oo ku saabsan qaybsiga dakhliga kasoo xarooda Kalluumaysiga inta laga soo dhamaystirayo heshiiska guud ee qaybsiga khayraadka dalka. Madaxda qaranku waxay isku raaceen in shirka soo socda lagu qabto magaalada Baydhabo 28-ka bisha Maarso, 2018 loogana heshiiyo qaybsiga khayraadka oo dhammaystiran, iyo hannaanka doorasho ee uu dalku qaadanayo sannadka 2020-ka. Madaxda qaranku waxaa kale oo ay isku raaceen in la dardar geliyo go’aan ka gaarista arriaha masiiriga ah ee horyaalla sida, awood qaybsiga, hannaanka garsoorka federaaliga ah, midaynta hannaanka dakhliga, nidaamka dawladeed ee dalku yeelanayo iyo maqaamka caasimadda Muqdisho. The post Akhriso: Warsaxaafadeed laga soo saaray shirkii amniga Qaranka appeared first on Puntland Post.

The United States has poured more than $5.5 billion into Kenya over the past 15 years in an effort to control the HIV/Aids epidemic. Source: Hiiraan Online