Muqdisho (PP) ─ Duqa Muqdisho Ahna Guddoomiyaha Gobolka Banaadir C/raxmaan Cumar Cusmaan (Eng. Yarisow) ayaa abaalmarin guddoonsiiyey Shacabka, Maamulka iyo Booliiska Warta Nabada oo gacan ku siiyey Ciidanka Ammaanka soo qabashada dhagarqabe Bombo tuuray. Guddoomiyaha ayaa ku ammaanay shacabka kaalinta wanaagsan ee ka qaadanayaan sugidda amniga, isagoo xusay in abaalmarintan ay ugu talagaleen in lagu dhiirigaliyo bulshada maadaama ay ka soo baxeen kaalintooda ku addan nabadgelyada. “Qof walba oo gacan ka geystay soo qabashada argagixisada waxuu mudan yahay abaalmarin, bacdamaa ay badbaadiyeen nafta muwaadiniinta Soomaaliyeed, tani waa bilow waxaana ku dhiirigelinayaa shacabku inay qaataan doorkooda sugidda amniga fartana ku fiiqaan dadka dhagarta u maleegaya”. Eng. Yarisow ayaa ugu baaqay Ciidanka ammaanka in shacabka saaxiib lala noqdo, si ay ugu kalsoonaadaan ciidanka loona helo wadashaqay buuxda, taasoo qeyb ka qaadanaysa in ciidanku ay helaan xogaha dhagarqabayaasha ku dhex dhuumanaya shacabka. Ra’iisul Wasaare ku-xigeenka dalka Mudane Mahdi Maxamed Guuuleed (Khadar) oo munaasabadda abaalmarinta hadal ka jeediyey ayaa sheegay in isku xirnaanta shacabka iyo Boolisku ay muhiim u tahay sugidda ammaanka Caasimadda, waxuna uga mahadceliyey shacabka Degmada Warta-Nabadda wada-shaqeynta dhow ee la leeyihiin Ciidanka Booliska. Ugu dambeyn, Munaasabaddan oo bilad sharaf lagu guddoonsiinayey dadkii kaalinta ka qaatay soo qabashada dhagar-qabaha Bombada tuuray ayaa waxaa ka soo qeyb galay Taliyeyaasha Ciidanka, Guddoomiye ku-xigeenka Maamulka iyo Maaliyadda Gobolka Banaadir iyo masuuliyiin kale oo heer Qaran iyo heer gobol ah. PUNTLAND POST The post Maamulka iyo Dadweynaha Degmo ka tirsan Muqisho oo la guddoonsiiyay Abaal-marino appeared first on Puntland Post.

Muqdisho (PP) ─ Taliyihii hore ee Qeybta 27-aad ee xoogga Somalia, Jen. Jeneral Maxamuud Maxamed Macalin [Koronto] ayaa ka hadlay xaaladihii ugu dambeeyey ee magaalada Muqdisho iyo hadal ay jeediyeen Cali Maxamed Geedi ra’iisal wasaarihii hore ee Soomaaliya iyo Salaad Cali Jeelle. Jen. Koronto ayaa waxa uu ku tilmaamay Cali Maxamed Geedi iyo Salaad Cali Jeelle kuwo aan matalin shacabka magaalada Muqdisho. Jen Koronto ayaa sheegay in Siyaasiyiinta u hadlay dowladda aanay aheyn dad matala dadka Banaadir ee ay yihiin kuwo horay u kala qeybiyay dadka oo taariikhdooda la haayo. “Cali Maxamed Geedi iyo Salaad Cali Jeelle waa nimanka kala qeybiyay dadka Banaadir oo horay uga soo fashilmay dalka inay maanta dowladda u hadlaan waa nasiib darro, dadkaas Banaadir kuma qancaan inay ku hadlaan oo ay ku soo horkacaan, waxay abuureysa waxyaabo horay loo iloobay in la soo xusuusto, Madaxweynaha waxaa loo qaadanayaa inuu raalli ka yahay, nimankaas mama talaan dadka Banaadir waa dad taariikhdooda qoran tahay oo dhibaatooyin u geystay dadkaan,” ayuu yiri Jen. Koronto. Isagoo sii hadlaya ayuu intaas ku daray. “Waxa uu ku dhashay Madaxweyne Farmaajo magaalada Muqdisho,waxaa lagu dhex doortay Muqdisho waa Madaxweynihii ugu nasiib badnaa waana Muqdushaawi.” Sidoo kale, mar uu ka hadlayay waajibaadka Madaxweynaha Somalia ayuu sheegay in Madaxweynaha loo dhiibay Baarlamaan dhisan iyo ciidan dhisan, ayna habboon tahay inuu isku hayo Baarlamaanka iyo ciidamadaba uuna ka soo baxo godka uu isku qarinayo. “Talo ayaan u soo jeedinayaa Madaxweynaha oo ah in uu soo farogeliyo khilaafka ka dhex jira Baarlamaanka iyo ciidamada Qaranka oo lagu tilmaamay qabiil,” hadalkiisa ku daray Jeneraalka. Wuxuuna raaciyay. “Madaxweynaha waa taliyaha guud ee qaranka waxaana ciidanka maamulaya dad kale oo aan sharci u haysan.” Ugu dambeyn, Jen Koronto ayaa sidoo kale waxa uu ka shirkiisa jaraa’id ku soo qaaday culummaa’uddiin ka hadashay banaanbax la sheegay inuu ka dhacayo Muqdisho iyo weliba qaar kamid ah duubabka dhaqanka. Haddaba, DHAGEYSO: Hadalka Jen. Maxamuud Maxamed Macallin Koronto https://puntlandpost.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Jeneraal_Koronto_Muqdisho_Somalia.mp3 PUNTLAND POST The post Jeneraal jawaab kulul ka bixiay hadal kasoo yeeray Ra’iisul wasaarihii hore ee Soomaaliya appeared first on Puntland Post.

Baay (SMN):–Maxkamadda Xarakada Alshabaab ee Deegaanada ay kaga sugan yihiin Gobolada Baay iyo Bakool ayaa xukun ku fulisay Ruux ay Maxkamadu ku eedeysay in uu kufsi ugeystay qof dumar ah. Fagaare kuyaal deegaanka Dalandoolle ee gobolka Baay ayaa shalay gelinkii dambe lagu Tacziiray wiil 16 sana jir ah oo lagu magacaabo Ibraahim Nuuroow Isxaaq. Qaadiga Maxkamadda oo xukunka goob fagaare ah ka akhrinayay ayaa sheegay in Ibraahim oo aan horay guur soomarin uu kufsaday mid kamida dumarka ku dhaqan deegaanka Dalandoole. Ninkanay Alshabaabku ku eedeyeen falka Zinada ah ayaa lagu dhuftay 100 Jeydal waxaana laga masaafuriyay deegaankii uu falka Zinada ah ka geystay. Maxkamadaha Alshabaab ayaa inta badan Xukuno kala duwan ku fuliya dad ay usoo qabtaan eedeymo kala duwan, iyagoo inta badan Xukunadaasi ku fuliya goobo fagaare ah oo la iskugu keeno Dadweyne farabadan. View the full article

Muqdisho (SMN):–Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibadda iyo Iskaashiga Caalamiga, Mudane Danjire Axmed Ciise Cawad ayaa Khamiistii kula kulmay Magaalada Qaahira dhiggiisa Masar Mudane Sameh Shoukry. Wadahadalka ayaa intiisa badan diiradda lagu saarray xiriirka walaalnimo iyo iskaashiga u dhexeeya Soomaaliya iyo Masar iyo habkii lagu xoojin lahaa, laguna horumarin lahaa dhinac waliba oo u adeegaya danaha labada dal iyo labada shacab ee walaalaha ah, waxa ayna is dhaafsadeen aragtiyadooda dhacdooyinka iyo horumarka gobolka iyo dunida. Kadib markii uu idlaaday wadahadalka ballaaran, waxaa saxiixa lagu duugay seddex heshiis is afgarad oo ay ka mid yihiin abuuridda hab wadatashi siyaasadeed oo heer wasiir arrimo dibadeed oo labada dal ah, yagleelidda guddi wadaag ah oo ay hoggaamiyaan labada wasiir arrimo dibadeed iyo iskaashiga labada machad ee daraasaadka diblomaasiyadda Soomaaliya iyo Masar. View the full article

Madaxda Soomaaliya oo uu hogaaminayo Madaxweynaha Dowlada Puntland Saciid Cabdullaahi Dani ayaa kulan uga furmayaa Magaalada Nairobi, kulankasoo lagu waday inuu dhaco Sabtida beri ahsyaa [...] Source

Muhaajiriintii shalay la celiyay 18 April 2019 Boosaaso Wasaaradda arrimaha gudaha dowladda Puntland ayaa shalay dib u celisay in ka badan 50 ruux oo muhaajiriin Ethiopian ah, kadib markii ay iskood isu’ diiwaan-geliyeen in dalkooda lagu celiyo. Dadkan ayaa laga dhoofiyay garoonka diyaaradaha caalamiga ah ee magaalada Boosaaso, waxaana laga dejiyay magaalada Addis Ababa ee xarunta dalka Ethiopia, sida ay sheegtay wasaaradda arrimaha gudaha Puntland. Wasaaradda ayaa sheegtay in dadkan oo ka koobnaa rag, dumar iyo carruur, la mariyay nidaamka caalamiga ah ee dib u celinta muhaajiriinta, islamarkaana ay dhammaantood raalli ku ahaayeen in dalkooda loo celiyo. Puntland ayaa tan iyo horraantii sannadkan bilowday, dib u celinta soogalootiga Ethiopian-ka ee u badan qowmiyadda Oromada, balse dhinaca kale muhaajiriinta Oromada ayaa weli ku soo qul-qulaya gudaha Puntland. PUNTLAND POST The post Puntland oo dib u celisay muhaajiriin Ethiopian ah appeared first on Puntland Post.

Nairobi (Caasimada Online)-Magaalada Nairobi ee dalka Kenya Waxaa ku sugan madaxweynayaasha maamulada Galmudug iyo Jubbaland, waxaana ay halkaasi ka wadaan abaabul iyo kulamo kala duwan. Kulamada masuuliyiintaan ayaa waxaa qeyb ka ah kulamo ay la qaadanayaan madaxda wadamada caalamka oo ku sugan magaalada Nairobi, waxaana doorweyn ku leh arintaan hogaanka dowladda Kenya. Madaxda maamulada Hirshabeelle, Koofur Galbeed iyo Puntland ayaa la filayaa inay ku biiraan kulamada ka dhacaya magaalada Nairobi ee dalka Kenya, waxaana ay kulamo la qaadanayaan beesha caalamka. Warar aan heleyno ayaa sheegaya in madaxda maamul goboleedyada ay kulamo ku yeelan doonaan magaalada Nairobi ee dalka Kenya, waxaana kulamadaasi ay walaac badan ay gelliyeen madaxda dowladda. Dhamaan madaxda maamul goboleedyada hadda wax xiriir wanaagsan ah kalama dhaxeeya madaxda dowladda Soomaaliya, marka laga reebo hogaanka Koofur Galbeed, waxaana ugu dambeeyay madaxweyne Axmed Madoobe oo maalmo ku sugnaa magaalada Muqdisho oo xiriir isku soo dhawaansho la sameeyay madaxda dowlada. Axmed Madoobe ayaa Isniintii safar aan horey loo shaacin kaga duulay magaalada Kismaayo isaga oo gaaray magaalada Nairobi, waxaana lagu waramayaa in Axmed Madoobe uu walaac badan ka muujinayo dhaqan gelinta heshiisyadii uu la galay dowladda Soomaaliya. Madaxweyne Waare ayaa meel cidla ah kusoo dhacay, kadib markii loo dhaqan gelin waayay heshiisyo badan oo uu la galay dowladda Soomaaliya, waxaana hadda aad u sii xumaanaya xiriirka kala dhaxeeya dowladda. Sidaasi oo kale waxaa xumaaday xiriirka Puntland iyo dowladda, kadib markii madaxweyne Deni uu ka carooday in shir abaabulkiisa ay lahaayeen oo ka dhici lahaa magaalada Garowe loo wareejiyay Muqdisho, kaasi oo ugu dambeyn baaqday. Madaxweynaha Koofur Galbeed oo kaliya ayaa xiriir uu kala dhaxeeyaa dowladda Soomaaliya, maadaama iyaga ay geeyeen magaalada Baydhabo,halkaasi oo ugu dambeyn lagu doortay. Walaaca ugu badan ee shirka Nairobi laga muujinayo ayaa ah in madaxda maamul goboleedyada ay ku midoobaan markale, islamarkaana sanadaha u haray dowladda dhexe ay sameystaan isbaheysi cusub. Walaaca kale ee laga qabo ayaa ah inay xiriir toos ah la sameystaan madaxda ay la kulmayaan, si ay kaga maarmaan dowladda Soomaaliya. Caasimada Online Xafiiska Muqdisho Caasimada@live.com

Muqdisho (Caasimada Online)-Laamaha amaanka dowladda Somaaliya ayaa wali baadi goobaha dadkii ka dambeeyay dil wadareed dad rayid ah loogu geystay magaalada Muqdisho labo habeen ka hor. Dilka ayaa waxaa ka dambeeyay Kooxo hubeysan oo la sheegay in aano qabiil ay kala dhaxeysay dadka lagu laayay degmada Wadajir ee gobolka Banaadir, waxaana wali ciidamada amaanka aysan soo qaban dadkii ka dambeeyay. Afhayeenka maamulka Gobolka Banaadir ayaa xaqiijiyay inaysan wali gacanta kusoo dhigin dadkii ka dambeeyay dilka dadka rayidka ah, balse laamaha amaanka ay ku howlan yihiin sidii dadkaasi loosoo qaban lahaa. Afhayeenka wuxuu sidoo kale sheegay in dadka dilka fuliyay markii ay falka geysteen inay ka baxsadeen Magaalada, waxaana loo malaynayaa inay u baxeen dhanka gobolka SHabeelaha Hoose. Ehelada dadka lagu laayay degmada Wadajir ayaa xaqiijiyay in falka uu la xiriiro aano qabiil oo ka dhacday gobolka Shabeelaha Hoose, waxaana falkaan uu noqonayaa mid saameyn ku reebay dadka ehelkooda la laayay. Dowladda Soomaaliya wali wax war ah kama aysan soo saarin sida ay qoraalka kaga soo saareen dadkii bajaajlayaasha ahaa oo iyaga oo banaanbaxaya laga xeray degmada Howlwadaag ee gobolka Banaadir. Hay’adaha amniga ayaa ku howlan sidii dadkaasi loosoo qaban lahaa, waxaana xalay baaritaano laga sameeyay degmada Wadajir ee gobolka Banaadir. Caasimada Online Xafiiska Muqdisho Caasimada@live.com

Muqdisho (Caasimada Online) – Xildhibaan Mahad Salaad ayaa qoraal uu soo dhigay facebook ku weeraray Sheekh Nuur Baaruud oo ka mid ah taageerayaasha dowladda, isaga oo ku eedeeyey inuu ka aamuso dhibaatooyinka ay dowladda ku hayso shacabka iyo xadgudubyada ay gaysato. Hoos ka aqriso qoraalka. SHEEKH NUUR BAARUUD WALI KAMA HADLIN: 1. Dhiibistii Cabdi Kariim Sheekh Muuse (Qalbi Dhagax). 2. Kumanaanka shacabka ah ee sida joogtada ah maalin walba loogu xasuuqayo magaalada Mogadishu. 3. Canshuurta laga qaado islaanta yaanyada suuqa ku gada ee lagu laaluushayo dad hoteelo jiifa ee aan shaqo dowladeed haynin! FG: Sheekh Nuur wuxuu kamid ahaa shaqsiyaadka ku qornaa liiska lacag bixinta Bangiga Dhaxe usoo gudbiyay Guddiga Maaliyadda Golaha Shacabka ee lacago aan la sheegin waxa ay yihiin iyo sababta loo bixiyo bil walba lagu siiyo dad isugu jira siyaasiin, culimo, odoyaal iyo dhalinyaro aan xilal dowladda ka hayn lkn baraha bulshada ka difaaca Nabad iyo Nolol! Haddaba, cidii shaki uga jiray Sheekh Nuur, waa kaasaa maanta Telefishinka qaranka lasoo taagan qabyaalada iyo kala qaybinta bulshada reer Mogadishu ee si fiican ha u arkeen. Sheekha cayn meyno, ceebayna meyno ee waxaan ugu duceynaynaa ducadii Rasuulkeena NNKH: اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عِلْمٍ لَا يَنْفَعُ وَمِنْ قَلْبٍ لَا يَخْشَعُ وَمِنْ نَفْسٍ لَا تَشْبَعُ. Ilaahow waxaan kaa magan galnay Cilmi aan lagu faa’iidin. Qalbi aan cabsan iyo Naf aan dhergin. Aamiin. Mahadsanidiin. Hon. Mahad Salad

Muqdisho (Caasimada Online) – Qaar ka mid ah Madaxda maamul goboleedyadda ayaa diiday in ay ka qeyb galaan Shirkii Madaxweynaha Soomaaliya Maxamed Cabdullaahi Farmaajo uu ku dhawaaqay in uu Muqdisho ka furmo maanta oo ah 19-ka bisha April. Qaar ka mid ah Madaxda maamul goboleedyadda ayaa la sheegay in ay diideen in ay aqbalaan Casuumadda uu u diray qaarkood, waxaana ay ku xireen Shuruud. Madaxda maamul goboleedyadda Galmudug, Jubbaland iyo Puntland ayaa hadda ku kala sugan Nairobi iyo Dubai, waxaana muuqata in uu baaqday Shirkii lagu waday in uu dhaco maanta. Ilo ku dhow Madaxda maamul goboleedyada ayaa sheegay in shirka ay iska diideen Madaxda Puntland iyo Galmudug. Madaxweynaha Galmudug Axmed Ducaalle Geelle Xaaf ayaa Shuruud ku xiray in uu ka qeyb galo Shirka, waxaana Galmudug ay sheegtay in aysan shirkaasi ka qeyb gali doonin, Maadaama horay aan loo fulin heshiisyaddii lagu gaaray Garowe bilowgii Sanadkaan. Madaxweynaha Puntland ayaa sidoo kale ka biya diiday in shirkaan Garowe laga soo wareejiyo oo Muqdisho lagu qabto Maadaama horay uu ballanku ahaa in lagu qabto Kulanka Garowe oo la iclaamiyay bilowgii Sanadkaan. Ma cadda in shirka dib loo waqtiyeyn doono iyo inuu sidaas ku fashilmay. Caasimada Online Xafiiska Muqdisho Caasimada@live.com

Hargeysa (Caasimada Online) ― Wararka ay Caasimada Online ka helayso caasimada dalka Imaaraadka ee Abu Dhabi ayaa sheegaya in xalay ay halkaas kulan ku yeeshen Madaxweynayaasha Somaliland iyo Puntland, Muuse Biixi iyo Saciid Deni. Kulanka ayaa ka dhacay Hotelka Ascott Park ee magaalada Dubai, sida ay Caasimada Online u xaqiijiyen ilo lagu kalsoon yahay. Wararka aan helayno ayaa sidoo kale sheegaya in Biixi iyo Deni ay kawada hadleen xiisada colaadeed ee ka dhex taagan labada Maamul, iyagoo isku afgartayna inay ilaaliyan heshiiska xabad joojinta iyo in laga fogaado waxkasta oo markale colaad ka abuuri kara labada dhinaca. Dowladda Imaaraadka Carabta ayaa maalmihii la soo dhaafay ku howlanayd oo diyaarinaysay qorshahan ay xalay ku kulmeen Madaxweynaha Somaliland Biixi iyo dhigiisa Puntland Deni. Kulankan ayaa ahaa mid qarsoodi ah, oo ilaa hadda aysan cadeyn arrimaha kale ee ay kawada hadleen Labadan Madaxweyne, iyada oo ay jiraan kulamo kale oo ay u balameen si ay uga wada-hadlaan sidii loo sii xoojin lahaa nabad waarta. Wixii kasoo kordha Kulankan kala soco Caasimada Online Caasimada Online Xafiiska Hargeysa Caasimada@live.com

Qaran News

Wasaaradda Tamarta, Macdanta iyo Biyaha dowlada Puntland ayaa waxay war kasoo saartay shirarka looga hadlayo shidaalka iyo kheyraadka dalka Soomaaliya. Sidda ku cad war-saxaafadeed ku taariikheysan 14-ka bishaan April, ma jirto cid ay Puntland u wakiilatay ka qaybgalka shirarkaasi. “Cid alaale cidii daneenaysay arrimahaasi waxay lasoo xiriiri kartaa wasaaradatan,” ayaa lagu yiri bayaanka. Qoraalka ayaa si toos ah loogu diray wasaarada shidaalka heer federaal iyo xafiiska ra’iisul wasaaraha xukuumada federaalka ah, Xaan Cali Khayre. Hadalka kasoo yeeray wasaarada ayaa imaanaya iyada oo Madaxwayne Deni uu horey uga dhawaajiyay in aysan jirin cid Puntland wakiil uga ah arrimaheeda gaarka ah. Si lamid ah waxaa bayaankaan uu imaanaya xili bishii Febraayo ee sanadkaan magaalada London lagu qabtay shir looga hadlay shidaalka Soomaaliya. Shirkaasi oo lagu soo bandhigay xirmooyin shidaal ayaa dhaliyay xiisad ka dhex qarxday Muqdisho iyo Nairobi oo ahayd in lagu xaraashay saliid ku jirta dhul badeed ay Soomaaliya leedahay balse ay Kenya muran gelinayso. Intaasi waxaa wehlisa in xukuumada Khayre ay ic-laamisay in shirar kale oo looga hadlayo shidaalka Soomaaliya ay ku qabaneyso bilooyinka soo aadan magaalada Istanbul ee caasimadda wadanka Turkiga. HOOS KA AKHRISO WAR-SAXAAFADEEDKA Xigasho: Garowe Online

Masar ma Itoobiya ayey ku cadaadineysaa xidhiidhka ay la samaysatey Somaliland? Dhammaadkii bishii Maarso ee la soo dhaafay waxa dalka Masar bookhasho rasmi ah ku tagay wefti uu hoggaaminayay wasiir ku xigeenkii arrimaha didbadda Liibaan Yuusuf Cismaan oo madaxweynuhu markii dambe xilkaasi ka bedelay. Weftiga Somaliland oo bookhasho rasmi ah ka helay dawladda Masar waxay kulamo la qaateen masuuliyiin sarsare oo ka mid ah wasaaradda arrimaha dibadda, wasaaradda gaashaandhigga iyo saraakiil sarsare oo militari waxaana bookhasho lagu geeyay marin biyoodka muhiimka ah ee gacanka Suways. Xukuumadda Masaaridu arrintan waxba kama odhan laakiin, warbaahinta Arab21 oo arrintan warbixin ka qortay ayaa tilmaantay in ay u muuqato in Masar Somaliland meeqaamkeeda kor u qaadayso si ay cadaadis ugu saarto Itoobiya oo ay ku muransan yihiin dhaamka biyaha Webiga Niilka. Amb Baahir Al-Duwayni oo ah xeel dheere xidhiidhka caalamiga ah ayaa warbaahinta Arab21 u sheegay in aanay bookhashada Somaliland ee Masar kaliya ku koobnayn marti qaad ka yimid wasaaradda arrimaha dibadda laakiin, ay tahay arrin ay soo dhiraan dhiriyeen waaxda Sirdoonka ama laamaha ammaanka. Waxa uu sheegay in arrintan loo arki karo cadaadis Qaahira ku doonayso in ay dawladda Itoobiya kula gaadho heshiis labada dhinac ee Addis Ababa iyo Qaahir ba qanciya. Waxa uu sheegay in kor u qaadista meeqaamka Somaliland ee Masar fursad weyn u yahay masuuliyiinta Somaliland maaddaama Masar xilligan hayso xilka hoggaamiyaha Midawga Afrika taasna ay guuldarro u noqonayso dawladda Itoobiya. Amb Baahir Al-Duwayni oo tilmaamaya in aanay arrintani siyaasad ka madhayn wuxuu sheegay in socdaalka weftiga Somaliland yimid laba todobaad kadib markii wefti sare oo Imaaraad ahi joogeen dalka Masar. Cilmi baadhe kale oo ka tirsan Machad Darsa siyaasadda Afrika oo fadhigiisu yahay Masar ayaa Arab21 u sheegay in dawladda Itoobiya la odhan karo way aqoonsan tahay Somaliland marka la eego sida ay ula macaamilayso oo ay ka mid yihiin mashaariicda wada jirka ah ee dekedda Berbera ka mid tahay sidaas awgeedna ay noqonayso Masar in ay meeqaamka Somaliland kor u qaaddo si ay ugula gorgortami karto Itoobiya. Waxa kale oo uu sheegay in ay Masar doonayso in ay dib u soo celiso saamaynteedii gobolka oo ay lumisay, islamarkaana arrimaha xilligan taaggan ee ay ka mid yihiin isbedellada ka dhacay Itoobiya oo qalalaase gudaha ah horseeday, isbedelka Sudan iyo gaabiska Dhaamka Itoobiya ku yimid ay u sahlayaan in ay culays saarto Itoobiya si ay heshiis labada dhanba maslaxad u ah uga gaadhaan xafiiltankooda. Qaran News

Qaahira (Caasimada Online) – Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibadda iyo Iskaashiga Caalamiga, Mudane Danjire Axmed Ciise Cawad ayaa shalay ku kula kulmay magaalada Qaahira dhiggiisa Masar Mudane Sameh Shoukry. Wadahadalka ayaa intiisa badan diiradda lagu saarray xiriirka walaalnimo iyo iskaashiga u dhexeeya Soomaaliya iyo Masar iyo habkii lagu xoojin lahaa, laguna horumarin lahaa dhinac waliba oo u adeegaya danaha labada dal iyo labada shacab ee walaalaha ah, waxa ayna is dhaafsadeen aragtiyadooda dhacdooyinka iyo horumarka gobolka iyo dunida. Kadib markii uu idlaaday wadahadalka ballaaran, waxaa saxiixa lagu duugay seddex heshiis is afgarad oo ay ka mid yihiin abuuridda hab wadatashi siyaasadeed oo heer wasiir arrimo dibadeed oo labada dal ah, yagleelidda guddi wadaag ah oo ay hoggaamiyaan labada wasiir arrimo dibadeed iyo iskaashiga labada machad ee daraasaadka diblomaasiyadda Soomaaliya iyo Masar.

Muqdisho (Caasimada Online) – Duqa Muqdisho Ahna Guddoomiyaha Gobolka Banaadir Mudane Cabdiraxmaan Cumar Cusmaan (Eng. Yarisow) ayaa abaalmarin guddoonsiiyey Shacabka, Maamulka iyo Booliiska Warta Nabada oo gacan ku siiyey Ciidanka Ammaanka soo qabashada dhagarqabe Bombo tuuray. Guddoomiyaha ayaa ku ammaanay shacabka kaalinta wanaagsan ee ka qaadanayaan sugidda amniga, isagoo xusay in abaalmarintan ay ugu talagaleen in lagu dhiirigaliyo bulshada maadaama ay ka soo baxeen kaalintooda ku addan nabadgelyada. “Qof walba oo gacan ka geystay soo qabashada argagixisada waxuu mudan yahay abaalmarin, bacdamaa ay badbaadiyeen nafta muwaadiniinta Soomaaliyeed, tani waa bilow waxaana ku dhiirigelinayaa shacabku inay qaataan doorkooda sugidda amniga fartana ku fiiqaan dadka dhagarta u maleegaya”. Eng. Yarisow ayaa ugu baaqay Ciidanka ammaanka in shacabka saaxiib lala noqdo, si ay ugu kalsoonaadaan ciidanka loona helo wadashaqay buuxda, taasoo qeyb ka qaadanaysa in ciidanku ay helaan xogaha dhagarqabayaasha ku dhex dhuumanaya shacabka. Ra’iisul Wasaare ku-xigeenka dalka Mudane Mahdi Maxamed Guuuleed (Khadar) oo munaasabadda abaalmarinta hadal ka jeediyey ayaa sheegay in isku xirnaanta shacabka iyo Boolisku ay muhiim u tahay sugidda ammaanka Caasimadda, waxuna uga mahadceliyey shacabka Degmada Warta-Nabadda wada-shaqeynta dhow ee la leeyihiin Ciidanka Booliska. Munaasabaddan oo bilad sharaf lagu guddoonsiinayey dadkii kaalinta ka qaatay soo qabashada dhagar-qabaha Bombada tuuray ayaa waxaa ka soo qeyb galay Taliyeyaasha Ciidanka, Guddoomiye ku-xigeenka Maamulka iyo Maaliyadda Gobolka Banaadir iyo masuuliyiin kale oo heer Qaran iyo heer Gobol ah.

Gabadhii faroxumeynta macallinka dugsiga ka cabatay ee dabka la qabadsiiyay Nusrat waxay ahayd 19 jir Nusrat Jahan Rafi waxaa lagu bilbilay gaas, dab ayaana la qabadsiiyay xilli ay ku sugneyd iskuulkeeda oo ku yaalla waddanka Bangladesh. Wax ka yar labo isbuuc ka hor waxay gudbisay cabasho la xiriirta qash-qashaad galmo ku saabsan oo ay ku eedeysay maamulaheeda? Sida ay karti ugu yeelatay inay ka hadasho arrinta ku saabsan tacaddiyada galmada, dhimashadeedii timid shan maalmood ka dib markii dabka la qabadsiiyay iyo wax walba oo dhacay intii waqtigaas u dhaxeysay ayaa baraarujiyay guud ahaan dalka Bangladesh, waxayna dadka indhaha ku kala qaadeen qiimaha ay leeyihiin dadka loo geysto tacaddiyada galmada ee dalkaas ku yaalla koonfurta qaaradda Aasiya. Nusrat, oo ahayd 19 jir, waxay kasoo jeedday magaalada Feni oo qiyaastii 160km dhinaca koonfureed kaga began caasimadda Dhaka. Waxay dhigan jirtay dugsi lagu barto cilmiga islaamiga ah. 27-kii bishii Maarso ayey sheegtay in maamulaha dugsiga uu ugu yeeray xafiiskiisa, kadibna uu jirkeeda si khaldan u taabtay, isagoo(sida ay sheegtay) isku dayayay inuu kufsado. Balse inta aysan xaaladda meel xun gaarin ayey bannaanka uga carartay. Dumar badan iyo gabdho yar yar oo ku nool dalka Bangladesh ayaa door bida inay iska qarsadaan tacaddiyada galmada ee lagula kaco, iyagoo ka cabsanaya ceeb kasoo gaarta bulshada ama qoysaskooda. Waxa ay Nusrat Jahan dadka uga duwaneyd ma ahayn oo kaliya inay soo bandhigtay arrinta, balse waxay sidoo kale iyadoo qoyskeeda kaashaneysa booliska u sheegtay wixii lagu sameeyay maalintaas. Saldhigga booliska ee deegaankeeda ku yaalla ayey warbixinteeda u gudbisay. Waxaa lagu badbaadin karay meel nabad ah, si looga sii wareysto arrinta sida ay u dhacday. Hase yeeshee taas baddalkeeda waxaa muuqaal telefoonkiisa uga duubay askarigii mas’uulka ka ahaa saldhigga ay u dacwootay. Muuqaalka ayaa laga arkayay in Nusrat ay wajigeeda gacmaha saareysay iyadoo aad u walaacsan. Balse askariga oo codkiisa la maqlayay ayaa u shegayay in arrintu aysan ahayn wax weyn, wuxuuna ka dalbanayay inay gacmaha ka qaaddo wajiga. Muuqaalkaas ayaa goor dambe loo dusiyay warbaahinta maxalliga ah. ‘Waxaan isku dayay inaan dugsiga geeyo’ Dibadbaxyo looga soo horjeedo tacaddiyada gabdhaha ayaa ka dhacay Bangladesh Nusrat Jahan Rafi waxay kasoo jeedday magaalo yar, waxayna ka dhalatay qoys dhaqanka iyo diinta ku dhaggan, sidaas awgeedna waxaa la geeyay dugsi lagu barto waxbarashada islaamiga ah. Gabar iyadoo kale ah, haddii ay soo bandhigto xad gudub galmo oo loo geystay waxay kala kulmi kartaa cawaaqib xumo. Dhibaneyaasha ayaa inta badan waxaa khalad ka aamina dadka ka tirsan bulshadooda, waxaana lagu dhibaa baraha bulshada, mararka qaarna xitaa waa la weeraraa. Nusra way la kulantay dhibaatooyinkaan oo idil. 27-kii bishii Maarso, markii ay booliska u dacwootay, waxay xabsiga u taxaabeen maamulihii dugsiga. Laakiin markaas waxay xaaladda ku xumaatay Nusrat. Koox dad ah ayaa waddooyinka ku mudaharaaday iyagoo dalbanaya in macallinka lasii daayo. Dibadbaxyada waxaa abaabulay labo arday oo kale, waxaana la sheegay inay ka qeyb galeen siyaasiyiin deegaanka kasoo jeeda. Dadku waxay billaabeen inay eedda saaraan Nusrat, qoyskeedana waxay sheegeen inay amaankeeda u cabsanayeen. 6-dii bishan Abriil, oo ahayd 11 maalmood ka mid markii ay arrinta soo shaac baxday, Nusrat waxay aadday dugsiga, si ay ugu fariisato imtixaankeedii ugu dambeeyay. “Waxaan isku dayay inaan walaashey u kaxeeyo dugsiga waxaana damcay inaan gudaha la galo, laakiin waa la iga hor istaagay inaan la galo”, waxaa sidaas yidhi Nustar walaalkeed oo lagu magacaabo Mahmudul Hasan Noman. “Haddii aan la iga celin lahayn inaan gudaha galo, wax sidaan oo kale ah kuma dhici lahayn walaasheey”, ayuu yidhi. Nusrat walaakeed oo barooranaya Sida ku xusan macluumaad ay bixisay Nusrat, gabar ardayda ka mid ah ayaa u kaxeysay saqafka kore ee dhismaha uu ku yaallo dugsiga, iyadoo u sheegtay in mid ka mid ah saaxiibadeed la garaacay. Markii ay Nusrat gaartay halkaas waxaa hareereeyay 4 ilaa 5 arday oo kale, waxayna damceen inay ku khasbaan inay ka noqoto dacwadda ay ka gudbisay maamulaha. Markii ay diidday dalabkooda, waxay ku bilbileen gaas, dab ayeyna qabadsiiyeen. Banaj Kumar Majumder oo ah madaxa waaxda dambi barista ee booliska ayaa sheegay in dhalinyarada dilka geysatay ay damacsanaayeen “inay arrinta u ekeysiiyaan in gabadha ay isdishay”. Hase ahaatee qorshahoodu wuu guul darreysatay markii Nusrat la badbaadiyay ka hor inta aysan goobta ku geeriyoonin. Waxay fursad u heshay inay macluumaad bixiso dhimashadeeda ka hor. “Mid ka mid ah kuwii dilay ayaa madaxeeda ku celinayay gacmihiisa, sidaas awgeed gaaska laguma shubin meesha uu gacmihiisa ku hayay, taasina waa sababta uusan dabka uga gaarin madaxa”, ayuu yidhi Mr Majumder, oo wareysi siiyay BBC-da. Balse markii Nusrat la geeyay isbitaalka, dhakhaatiirtu waxay ogaadeen in jirkeeda uu 80% gubtay. Maadaama aysan awood u heynin inay daweeyaan, waxay u gudbiyeen isbitaalka weyn ee caasimadda Dhaka. Intii lagu sii waday gaariga Ambalaasta ayey warbixinta oo dhan ku duubtay telefoonka walaalkeed, iyadoo ka cabsi qabtay inay dhexda kusii dhimato. “Macallinka jirkeyga ayuu taataabtay, waan la dagaallami doonaa dambiga noocan ah ilaa inta ay neefta ugu dambeysa iga baxeyso”, ayaa ka mid ah erayada ku jira codka ay duubtay. Waxay sidoo kale sheegtay magacyada qaar ka mid ah dadkii ka dambeeyay dilkeeda oo kulligood ahaa arday wax ka barta madarasada. Warka ku saabsan Nusrat ayaa qabsaday guud ahaan warbaahinta dalka Bangladesh. 10-kii bishan Abriil ayey geeriyootay, kumannaan qof ayaana ka qeyb galay aaskeeda oo ka dhacay isla magaalada Feni. Aaska Nusrat waxaa ka qeyb galay kumannaan ruux Booliska ayaa ilaa hadda xiray 15 ruux, kuwaasoo 7 ka mid ah lagu eedeeyay inay dilkeeda ka qeyb qaateen. Dadka la xiray waxaa ku jira labadii wiil ee markii ugu horreysay qabanqaabiyay mudaharaadyada lagu taageerayay maamulaha. Xitaa maamulaha laftiisa ayaa wali ku jira xabsiga. Askarigii muuqaalka ka duubay Nusrat markii ay dacwada gudbineysay ayaa isagana laga baddalay meeshii uu ka shaqeynayay waxaana loo wareejiyay waax kale. Qoyska gabadhan ayaa aad u murugooday Ra’iisul wasaaraha Bangladesh, haweeneyda lagu magacaabo Sheikh Hasina ayaa magaalada Dhaka kula kulantay qoyska Nusrat, waxayna u ballan qaadday in qof walba oo dhacdada gabadhooda lagu dilay ku lug lahaa sharciga la hor geyn doono. Geerida Nusrat waxay abuurtay dibadbaxyo, kumannaan ruux ayaana baraha bulshada ku muujiyay caradooda ku aaddan sida loola dhaqmo gabdhaha dhibaneyaasha u ah tacaddiyada galmada ee ka dhaca dalka Bangladesh. Qaran News

Muuse Biixi Oo Iska Diiday Inuu La Kulmo Madax-dhaqameedka Ka soo baqoolay Bariga Sanaag Oo Muddo Hargeisa ku sugan Madaxweynaha Somaliland Md. Muuse Biixi Cabdi ayaa ka gaws adaygaya in uu la kulmo Madax-dhaqameed ka soo kicitimay gobolka bariga gobolka Sanaag oo ku sugan magaalada Hargeysa. Madax-dhaqameedkan ka soo kicitimay degmooyinka Badhan, Dhahar iyo Laasqoray ayaa muddo laba toddobaad ah ku sugan Hargeysa ayaa aan wali ku guulaysan muhiimadii ay u yimaadeen magaalada Hargeysa. Afar ka mid ah madax-dhaqameedkan waftiga hoggaaminaya oo madaxweyne Muuse Biixi Cabdi la kulmay ka hor intii aanu safar ku tagin magaalada Berbera ayaa balan rasmi ah uga soo qaaday wakhtiga iyo wakhtiga uu la kulmi doono balse ma ay fulin balantaasi. Madax-dhaqameedka oo degan hudheel ku yaalla Magaalada Hargeysa ayaa la sheegay in ka cadhoodeen ka dib markii ay maanta ku war heleen in Madaxweynuhu uu safar ugu ambabaxay dalka Imaaraadka Carabta iyada oo balantu ahayd in uu maanta la kulmo hore uu u baajiyay kulan dhex mari lahaa. Wasiir ku-xigeenka wasaaradda horumarinta jidadka Somaliland Sahal Maxamed Jaamac oo deegaan ahaan ka soo jeeda bariga gobolka Sanaag kana mid ah mas’uuliyiin ka shaqeeyay in Madax-dhaqameedkani ay Hargeysa yimaadaan ayaa 3 maalmood ka hor sheegay in Madaxweynuhu uu madax-dhaqameedka la kulmi doono maanta oo khamiis ah balse kulankaasi ma dhicin waxaanu yidhi “waxa ay madaxweynaha la kulmayaan maalinta Khamiis (maanta), sidaa la socotaan Madaxweynuhu waxa uu gaaban ayuu ku gaadhay Berbera marka uu ka soo noqdo waxa uu balanqaaday in uu la kulmo isaga oo nasan” ayuu Sahal Maxamed Jaamac. Waftigan Madax-dhaqameedka ahi intii ay ku sugnaayeen Magaalada Hargeysa waxa uu kulamo la qaadeen hadhimo sharafeed ah la qaateen, qaybo ka mid madax-dhaqameedka Somaliland iyo mas’uuliyiin ka mid ah xukuumadda Madaxweyne Muuse Biixi. Si kastaba ha ahaatee Waxgaradka iyo Madax-dhaqameedkan ayaa hore tabasho badan uga qabay xukuumadda Madaxweyne Muuse Biixi Cabdi Qaran News

Hargeysa (Caasimada Online) ― Xukuumada Somaliland ayaa maanta markii u horeysay ka hadashay Diyaarado dagaal oo dhowaan bambooyin iyo waxyaabo kale oo qarxa ku tuurey deegaano katirsan degmada Salaxlay, oo qiyaastii magaalada Hargeysa u jirta 50-KM. Wasiirka Arrimaha dibeda Somaliland, Yaasiin X.Maxamud Faratoon ayaa sheegay inay xukuumadoodu baaritaan ku wado arrintan diyaaradaha, isagoona ka dhawaajiyey ineyna marnaba raali ka aheyn Somaliland in xadkeeda lagu soo xad-gudbo. “Dowladdu marnaba raali kama ah, cid cadaw ah, ama cid kasta oo dalkeeda iyo dadkeeba ku soo xad gudba, Dowladduna diyaar uma ah cid cadaw ah oo diyaarado wata ama hub iyo wax kale ku soo daadiya dalkeena, Dowlad iyo Shacabna raali kama nihin in xadkeena lagu soo xad gudbo” ayuu yiri Wasiir Faratoon. Wuxuuna intaas kusii daray Wasiirku “Wixii aynu ka qaban karnaan waa laga qabanayaa, arimahan oo kalena dalka hore wey uga dhac-dhaceen, diyaaradahan cid wadaa iyo ujeedada laga leeyahayna lama fahansana, laakiin Dowlad ahaan arrintan waanu hubineynaa, oo waanu baareynaa siday wax u dhaceen” “Marka ay wax dhacaan waa la buun-buuniyaa, laakiin diyaaradahani haddii ay ka yimaadan wadamada aanu jaarka nahay, iyo haddii ay ka yimaadan baddahaba, marnaba raali kama nihin in lagu soo xad gudbo Baddeena, Dhulkeena iyo Hawadeenaba”. Caasimada Online Xafiiska Hargeysa Caasimada@live.com

Hargeysa (Caasimada Online) – Dhammaadkii bishii Maarso ee la soo dhaafay waxa dalka Masar bookhasho rasmi ah ku tagay wefti uu hoggaaminayay wasiir ku xigeenkii arrimaha didbadda Liibaan Yuusuf Cismaan oo madaxweynuhu markii dambe xilkaasi ka bedelay. Weftiga Somaliland oo bookhasho rasmi ah ka helay dawladda Masar waxay kulamo la qaateen masuuliyiin sarsare oo ka mid ah wasaaradda arrimaha dibadda, wasaaradda gaashaandhigga iyo saraakiil sarsare oo militari waxaana bookhasho lagu geeyay marin biyoodka muhiimka ah ee gacanka Suways. Xukuumadda Masaaridu arrintan waxba kama odhan laakiin, warbaahinta Arab21 oo arrintan warbixin ka qortay ayaa tilmaantay in ay u muuqato in Masar Somaliland meeqaamkeeda kor u qaadayso si ay cadaadis ugu saarto Itoobiya oo ay ku muransan yihiin dhaamka biyaha Webiga Niilka. Amb Baahir Al-Duwayni oo ah xeel dheere xidhiidhka caalamiga ah ayaa warbaahinta Arab21 u sheegay in aanay bookhashada Somaliland ee Masar kaliya ku koobnayn marti qaad ka yimid wasaaradda arrimaha dibadda laakiin, ay tahay arrin ay soo dhiraan dhiriyeen waaxda Sirdoonka ama laamaha ammaanka. Waxa uu sheegay in arrintan loo arki karo cadaadis Qaahira ku doonayso in ay dawladda Itoobiya kula gaadho heshiis labada dhinac ee Addis Ababa iyo Qaahir ba qanciya. Waxa uu sheegay in kor u qaadista meeqaamka Somaliland ee Masar fursad weyn u yahay masuuliyiinta Somaliland maaddaama Masar xilligan hayso xilka hoggaamiyaha Midawga Afrika taasna ay guuldarro u noqonayso dawladda Itoobiya. Amb Baahir Al-Duwayni oo tilmaamaya in aanay arrintani siyaasad ka madhayn wuxuu sheegay in socdaalka weftiga Somaliland yimid laba todobaad kadib markii wefti sare oo Imaaraad ahi joogeen dalka Masar. Cilmi baadhe kale oo ka tirsan Machad Darsa siyaasadda Afrika oo fadhigiisu yahay Masar ayaa Arab21 u sheegay in dawladda Itoobiya la odhan karo way aqoonsan tahay Somaliland marka la eego sida ay ula macaamilayso oo ay ka mid yihiin mashaariicda wada jirka ah ee dekedda Berbera ka mid tahay sidaas awgeedna ay noqonayso Masar in ay meeqaamka Somaliland kor u qaaddo si ay ugula gorgortami karto Itoobiya. Waxa kale oo uu sheegay in ay Masar doonayso in ay dib u soo celiso saamaynteedii gobolka oo ay lumisay, islamarkaana arrimaha xilligan taaggan ee ay ka mid yihiin isbedellada ka dhacay Itoobiya oo qalalaase gudaha ah horseeday, isbedelka Sudan iyo gaabiska Dhaamka Itoobiya ku yimid ay u sahlayaan in ay culays saarto Itoobiya si ay heshiis labada dhanba maslaxad u ah uga gaadhaan xafiiltankooda. Caasimada Online Xafiiska Muqdisho Caasimada@live.com

Somali Prime Minister Hassan Ali Khaire visited Washington and met with the World Bank, senior officials from the State Department and other high-profile US officials. Instead of questions, these are the reactions from the visit of the man you called former refugee from Norway. Statement from USAID: On April 11, U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Administrator Mark Green met with the Somali Prime Minister, His Excellency Hassan Ali Khayre. They discussed Somalia’s efforts to mobilize greater domestic revenue; important legislation pending in the Somali Parliament, including bills regarding elections and the Auditor General; and how USAID will continue to harness the dynamism of Somalia’s private sector and its vast potential for economic growth, through education, the management of natural resources, and the creation of employment (USAID) The national security advisor John Bolton tweeted “Pleased to have hosted Somali PM Khayre today. I congratulated him on Somalia’s economic reforms and urged sustained engagement on this front. We discussed ways to deepen the strong US-Somalia partnership on critical issues, including counterterrorism and regional stability,” If I were a lobbyist, I would have created much constructive questions than these simple ones. Here are the answers. Why should Somalia receive any more international assistance? Somalis are Humans that have universal right to receive assistance due the situations they have been experiencing for so long. not only civil war but climate change which caused heightened risk of drought in the country, proxy wars and others. according to state department, “The United States has provided more than $3 billion in humanitarian assistance for Somalia since fiscal year 2006 to address the problems of drought, famine, and refugees. Since 2011, the United States has provided an additional $253 million in development assistance to support economic, political, and social sectors to achieve greater stability, establish a formal economy, obtain access to basic services, and attain representation through legitimate, credible governance”. The Ambassador to Somalia has already answered to this question please refer back to his answer for reference. Here was his answer again. In testimony to the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations last summer, US ambassador to Somalia Yamamoto said, “he would, as ambassador, strengthen institutions and governance; shift security responsibilities from AMISOM, the African Union’s peacekeeping mission in Somalia to Somali forces; build economic opportunities, particularly for Somalia’s young labor force; and address humanitarian food and health crises”. Recently, US also mentioned giving more funds “To create a better tomorrow for the people of Somalia, the United States is committed to providing more than $900 million in critical investment”. Due to the international support, Somalia is improving both politically, financially and general security. Al-shabaab has lost all their strategic holds and now in hide-outs. US, AMISOM, SNA and other international partners are working hard to end the threat of Al-Shabaab. Why are salaries in Mogadishu so high? al-Shabaab has increasingly prioritized conducting asymmetrical attacks on Mogadishu, from 2012 – 2016, 19 members of parliament were killed in Mogadishu, ministers and other high-profile officials were also killed in Mogadishu. suicide bombing caused by vehicle-borne improvised explosive devices have also been taking place mainly on government-controlled areas in Mogadishu. Those who are serving in Mogadishu are putting their Lives on the line. A police officer in the streets of Mogadishu gets $100 a month, I hope this is not a high salary. What’s the plan to address corruption? the Federal Government of Somalia announced a series of steps to strengthen its commitment to combat corruption and reinforce transparency to build more accountable institutions. First day chosen Hassan Ali-Khaire, said he is mobilizing his government to tackle corruption and vowed to make the fight against misconduct and a non-negotiable principle in his administration. Compared to before a lot has been done. Although very few, those found of corruption were arrested and convicted. The government of Somalia has zero policy on corruption and have a clear strategy to combat any corruption. Why does Farmajo travel so much? Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, Warren G. Harding, and Calvin Coolidge made 1 journey abroad each during their presidencies While George W. Bush 48 and Obama 52 made international trips. There are legitimate and justifiable reasons as to why presidents travel. For the case of Somalia, the country has been away from the world stage for so long, president Farmajo mostly travels to connect back the diplomatic relations with other nations. Mostly President and prime-minster gets official state invitations. Will Somalia survive the end of AMISOM? Somali has been existing as a nation since the name “Somalia” I was invented, Somalia will survive at the end of AMISOM exit because Security sector reform is going on following the national security architecture such as military, police, and justice sector. Due to the continuous US drone strikes to Al-shabaab, AMISOM and SNA rooted Al-shabaab out of all major cities. After meeting with David Norquist, US Under Secretary for Defense, Prime minter Khaire tweeted “I expressed immense gratitude for America’s role in the war on terror. Discussed how we can enhance our partnership in the security sector reform to enable our forces to be fully in control of security”. Also, American diplomats, military officers, and USAID officials tell CNN that they see progress in Somalia, with many of them citing increased security in major cities and reform efforts as examples of success, which has been bolstered by recent reform efforts made by the government. A huge progress is under way, in the background SNA, Police and other law enforcement sector trainings are going on, so Somalia will survive after AMISOM exit. If you want U.S. support, why lease your country to China? no place in Somalia has Chinese presence at all. The united states and Somalia have a very good diplomatic relations, the prime minister visited the United states several times and pay no visit to china ever. Of-course no one can deny china’s influence in Africa, but China has very little footprint in Somalia. Why ask the International Court of Justice to mediate Kenya dispute and then not wait for decision? Both Somalia and Kenya, adjacent States on the coast of East Africa, are parties to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). On February 2nd, 2017, The ICJ delivered its Judgment on the preliminary objections raised by Kenya in the case concerning Maritime Delimitation in the Indian Ocean (Somalia v. Kenya), in which it finds that it may proceed with the maritime delimitation between Somalia and Kenya in the Indian Ocean. The ICJ Finds that it has jurisdiction to entertain the Application filed by the Federal Republic of Somalia on 28 August 2014 and that the Application is admissible. The people of Somalia are patiently waiting the final verdict of the case. Why is Somalia bothering with the Israel-Palestine dispute? Somalia abstained from voting on the last UN Human Rights Council on resolution condemning the Israeli occupation of the Golan Heights. Somalia has no powerful foreign policy or meddling as for the last decades Somalia has been dealing with their own internal issues. Do you believe that Turkey is a stabilizing force for Somalia? Erdoğan brought a sense of brotherhood and hope to Somalia after visiting a time in need. Since 2011, Turkey has sent almost $1 billion in aid to Somalia. After the emergency was over, Turkish companies launched into major infrastructure projects, building roads, hospitals and the port. Turkish Airlines is the only international carrier that flies to Mogadishu. Turkey has cemented its place in the hearts of the Somali people. Turkish Airlines flight was the first passenger plane from Europe to land in Somalia. ordinary citizens feel the Turkish presence in the country is improving their lives. Turkey Looks carrying capitalist agenda’s now, so History and time will only tell whether Turkey is stabilizing force for Somalia. Why is reunification with Somaliland a goal? Somalia took independence in 1960, since independence was one country under one flag and constitution. Somaliland self-declared independence in 1991, but not recognized internationally yet. Currently Somalia has a federal government with representative from all over regional states including people from Somaliland. The federal government has an interim constitution, article 8 clearly defines the people and citizenship “The people of the federal republic of Somalia are one, are indivisible”. As Somalia and Somaliland talks are to resume soon, they will negotiate and hopefully will work on something. By: Mahad Wayah Mahadhassan045@gmail.com Disclaimer: The views expressed in this article are the author’s own and do not necessarily reflect Caasimada Online’s editorial stance.

History is replete with tragic wars that resulted either from illusion of power or political impasse. Whether or not they would cause future wars, power struggle and political impasses are increasing in these days. War is an evil activity in which humans have been involved since time immemorial. Scholars now describe war as a state of armed conflict between different countries or between opposing forces (rebellions against a ruling regime) within a country. The latter was the war that broke out in the year 1988 between opposition forces, Somali National Movement, and Siyad Barre’s military regime that ruled Somalia almost 22 years with might and main. Opposition to Siyad Barre’s government gradually increased during 1980th and in May 1988, Somali National Movement, rebellions mostly from northern tribes – in what has once been British Somaliland protectorate – waged an all-out war against Siyad Barre’s military dictatorship regime. This war provoked the full force of Siyad Barre’s military power and thousands of northern Somalis were killed, hundreds of thousands were displaced and many cities were ruined out to ashes. The war dragged on for a number of years, leaving mass exodus from northern ghost cities and overwhelming lost of Siyad Barre’s military power in a labyrinth of ambushes and attacks from SNM forces, particularly when his former allies abandoned him. Three years later, in 1991, rebellions from Southern Somalia equipped by Somali National Movement (SNM) rose up against Siyad Barre’s regime, crushing his grip on power and capturing his stronghold villa Somalia in Mogadisho, and was finally brought down in 1991. Ranked by death tolls and material destruction from civil wars in recent years, Somaliland is the most war-ravaged country in Africa. But what is puzzling is how this war-ravaged country, Somaliland, survived without the international intervention to lessen the consequence of the war. Revealingly consequence is what connects cause with effect, when cause is what makes events occur and effect is the consequence of what has happened. The war was a crime, all the more heinous crime for having been committed by a ruling regime against its own citizens and even more so for letting war criminals go unpunished. A jury is often asked to distinguish between a mistake and a crime. The first is unconscious, the second deliberate. Crime demands punishment and mistake apology. There are many reasons why Siyad Barre and his military regime, largely from Southern Somalis, should have admitted their crimes against Northern innocent civilians. They should have been punished for killing fellow citizens at Northern regions; for their cruelty to continue to squeeze the trigger on unarmed, helpless civilians amid screams and shock until ammunition ran out. If a punishment could change the past, it might mean something. If it could rescue the future, even more so. But no punishment arrives until the mind has already changed, making it a historical lesson. From the year 1988 till today no president from Somalia has admitted that Somaliland massacre was “deeply shameful”. The “sorry” word still did not slide through Somalia’s constipation, leave alone punishment, but who cares? Leaving this civil war grievance aside, Somaliland Republic was born at the genocide committed by Siyad Barre and his ignorant organization that didn’t know that their efforts and attempts to root Northen Somalis out of the earth will finally kick in at ripping apart the last mask of the union in 1960. The brightest side of that civil war in Somalia in 1988 was the secession of the northern regions from southern regions in May 1991, proclaiming its independence and declaring itself as Somaliland Republic. The breakaway republic still maintains its separatism today, but has hardly any international recognition. Another appalling outcome of the war, right after Somaliland secession, was that Southern Somalia descended into factional fighting enclaves of an anarchist stateless society, with no law and order. Large areas of the country such as Puntland and Galmudug were internationally unrecognized and administered as autonomous regions of Somalia. The remaining areas, including the capital Mogadishu, were divided into smaller territories ruled by competing faction warlords. Still other appalling outcome of the downfall of Siyad Barre’s military regime was the rise for power struggle, with myriad competing, conflicting factions and frequent interventions by foreign powers and neighbouring countries. In 2006, the Islamic Courts rose to power by defeating the warlords and administered Mogadisho region for six months, but they lost power when invaded by Ethiopian troops, and then split into several factions, one of which is Al Shabab. The radical group still controls large parts of the south of the country today. From the fall of Siad Barre’s government in January 1991 till today there is and was no legitimate government elected by the people in Southern Somalia. The problem is not that a lack of unity of Somalis has led to a lack of a legitimate, likeable and livable government. The real problem is the hand that takes the decision. One may wonder when we look back at how international intervention isolated and eliminated Somalia presidents whose policies seemingly didn’t go in line with western interests. History reminds us how president Abdisalam Qasim has been isolated and kept in a quarantine, how general Abdillahi Yusuf has been removed and his prime minister Ali Geedi replaced and ways in which Farmaajo has come into political arena. The agenda to remove and replace Somalia’s presidents and prime ministers doesn’t always come from within Somali politics but from international influence and intervention. The whole set up of the legislative and executive bodies, the capacity to model culturally evolved institutions with democratic elections is not heralded anywhere near the future in Somalia. What it points to is the wholesale failure of Somalia’s state and the international community’s abandonment of Somalia’s problem except where it affects its interests – in terms of shipping industry and the ‘war on terror’ for the West and on a more local scale for the regional interests of Ethiopia and Kenya. The repeated externally-driven strategy and funded agendas to impose a puppet government (a government whose tasks are directed by an outside authority that intends to impose hardships on those governed) on Somalia have not yielded peace, stability and local legitimacy. Evidently among the hurting foreign interventions that are designed to hinder Somalia’s ability to stand on its own feet include the absence of a strong national army forces that has allowed outlaws, as well as violent criminal and political groups, to take terrorist acts that look like a guilt-of-merry-go-round. On the contrary, Somaliland has been a self-governing nation for 27 years, having a functioning government whose political direction and control are not dictated by another power, to put the context in its proper pretext. Thanks to Somaliland’s ancestral culture that is always attentive to rebuff and rebel any attempt and influence of an outside authority intending to meddle in the local legitimate institutional structures. Reality teaches logic. And logic, in its simplest form, is common sense. Humans can longer be kept in darkness. All Somalis and international communities are fully aware that Somaliland has its own army and police forces, its own coast guard, its own demcractically elected legislative and executive head of a state, its own judiciary body, its own constitution, its own house of elders, its own currency, and its own undisputed boarders with neighbouring countries and thus completing all legal requirements of a soverign state. This evidence-based chronology has been slipping repeatedly into the political attitude of the two administrations, Somaliland and Somalia, with a call to find out the solution for the contentious issue that keeps the two countries in a political seesaw. A devil, goes the saying, is always in the detail, but when it comes to reality, detail is everything. The historical detail of the two states in question is always found in the way things are. Today the way things are is that Somaliland and Somalia are locked not in a territorial dispute, but in a war over the secession of Somaliland from Somalia. A political deadlock mostly starts when people begin to bicker over a certain issue. It begins when two people have a different world view. The deadlock between the two administrations arises from the disintegration of the union of what has been “British Somaliland Proctectorate ” and “Italian Somalia” in 1960. Somaliland political stand ————————————— Somaliland believes that it has the right to secede from the unification with Southern Somalia. Somaliland believes that it has not benefited anything from the union except destruction. Somaliland population believe that they cannot share any government with Southerners as equals. Somaliland secession is based on the peoples’demand and determination. Somaliland government believes in a two-state solution. Somalia political stand ———————————— Somalia, in contrast, argues.that Somaliland cannot break away from Somalia and that unity of Somalia is non-negotiable. Anythinng other than unity is subject to compromise They argue that the constitution never allows Somaliland to secede from the union, without even assuming when that constitution was made and when ratified jointly. SInce the current political situation between the two administrations is enmired in gridlock, to resume Somalia-Somaliland talks is an essential tool of this trade, as all scholars of the day recommend. Somalia’s weak points ———————————— Somalia cannot deny that Somaliland was a state when it united with Somalia, and cannot explain what compels and obliges Somaliland to be part of Somali state. Somalia does not have the courage to admit the truth that unity is a brotherhood and not a nationhood. Tough points before Somaliland ————————————————– Somaliland’s quest for a secession is a slap in the face of the Federal Government of Somalia. Somalia’s ruling elites, as they have repetitively contended, are not ready to recognise Somaliland as an independence state and are of the opinion that Somali unity should always remain the ‘most divisive and emotive’ dimension of the talks. Basic points Somalia cannot overlook ———————————————————- The most communal punishment humans can inflict on other humans is to deny them the right to determine their future destiny. The true interpretation of Somalia’s political stand towards Somaliland secession is nothing more than sheer nonsense. In the toss-up between deniability and acceptability the former generally loses. What is perceived as human rights by common law cannot be prevented by delusional intent. Where does the solution for this deadlock lie? ———————————————————————– The solutions lies in dialogue and discussion. What is to be discussed? Secession and Somali unity? What is Somali unity? A return to the union of the two regions to build one state under the blue flag with the five stars. What is secession? A departure from unity. What might come out of a political dialogue ——————————————————————– A political dialogue could result either in a mutually satisfactory form of merger or an agreeable divorce. Whichever the result, people are interested in a solution everyone understands. Fairness is what can be easily understood by all people. The solution for this political dead lock does not lie in the way things are at the present. The best solution lies in the way the two administrations embrace things not the way they are, but the way they can be. This kind of concept can divide today from tomorrow. And In that lies the future. Basics essential to political negotiation ————————————————————— Negotiation is how humans settle differences. It is a process by which compromise or agreement is reached while avoiding arguments and disputes. In order that to happen, there must be sensitivity by both parties to other’s requirements. The ability to trust one another is an asset. Each party must know what it wants to achieve. There must be a negotiating team from both sides which is well acquainted with historical record of the past with skillful use of communicative capacities to resolve differences. Lack of sincerity in both administrations. ————————————————————— Neither side is prepared to give the talks the essential weight they deserve. Both parties lack sincerity and seriousness to make the negotiations bear fruits. Both parties from the two countries can neither make a compromise nor a concession? Both parties fear their people more than their country’s constitution. Questions both administrations cannot answer ———————————————————————— What is in unity for both countries? What does each party gain or lose in the event that reunion of the two countries becomes realisable or unrealisable? What are the decisive points both parties could sell to the other? What else other than stability and crimes committed by Siyad Barre’s against northern citizens during the civil war Somaliland might sell to Somalia? Similarly what else other than the slogan that “unity” is a taboo that no one can touch and talk about Somalia could sell to Somaliland? The most interesting thing to imagine is what Somaliland must do If the would-be talks fail and international communities step in as mediators intending to arrange an atmosphere in which compromise and concession are to be made? Having a predetermined plan B is what this particular condition requires. There is nothing called a one-way street in political talks. When a party ventures on any path, the road bringing returns must be a much wider avenue. Somaliland’s art of negotiation must be based on abject denial of any semblance of “giving-in,” or “selling-out.” The terms compromise and concession have pejorative connotation that must be avoided by all means. Somaliland must demand far more than it gives from a party anxious to survive. In all cases considered, negotiation is typically the only pragmatic lubricant available tool to stave off the tension arising from secession, but the fulfillment of which is constantly constrained by myopia and limited intellectuality and a multitude of idiosyncratic personal agendas in a tribal society. Somalia and Somaliland leaders must learn ahead of the would-be talks that yesterday is neither today nor tomorrow and that what can be, not what has been, is what divides yesterday from tomorrow Somaliland and Somalia can — if all goes well — walk and work together as two separate states. That is the only symbol of hope. By: Jama Falaag Hargeisa, Somaliland. Qaran News

Gudoomiyahii hore ee hay’ada shaqaalaha Mr.Sharmarke Axmed Muxumed waa halyeey ka hayaamay inuu hamiga iyo hadafka dhalinta maanta u jeexo sidii ay u heli lahaayeen cadaalad loogu qaybiyo shaqooyinka dalka ka soo baxa haba yaraadaane maxaa yeelay dhalinyar dalka wax badan u tari lahaa ayaa ku dhamaaday badaha mideterenianka taasina waxa ay keentay in waalidiin farabadani ku goblamaan waxaan soo yara qaadanayaa maanso uu tiriyey abwaan gaariye abkuu doono ha sheegto’e dad ninkaan af aqaanee si wax iila arkaaye na mideyso ujeedo masuulnimo yaa geeya oo fali kara cadaalad halkan waxaan ku cadaynayaa inaanay ahayn warbixintaydani midaan ku amaanayo sharmaarke laakiin ay tahay in qofka waxa wanaagsan ku hamiyaya inaan garab istaagno ka dhalinyara ahaaan iyo ka shacab ahaanba. waxa aan halkan ku soo gudbinayaa in laga bilaabo maalintii la magacaabay Gudoomiyihii hore ee Hayada Shaqaalaha Dowlada Sharmaake ay dhalintii dalka uga qaxayey cadaalad darada inuu noqday dayax u soo baxay da’a yarta waxbaratay oo wax badan ka badalay rajadii dhalinyartii ay ka lahaayeen dalkoodii hooyo waxa uu meesha ka saaray labadii inan(hablood) ee isu galaska ahaa midkii reerkoodii wasiir lahaa ka rajo fiicnaaday kii hadh iyo habeen ku soo jeeday siduu u dadaali lahaa indhuhuna ku soo baxeen ee is lahaa reerkiinii waxbaad u tari in markii ay CV ga wada geeyaan meeshii ay shaqadu ka banaaneed in kii reerkoodii wasiirka lahaa dhabarka laga taabto kii kalana la yidhaahdo wax majiraane CV ga halkaa iska dhig markay wax soo baxaan ayeynu kuu yeedhi doonaa taasoo ay uga fiicned in markaaba la qanciyo oo la yidhaahdo waxba laguu ma hayo ee iska tag, Wasaaradaha qaarkood waxaa loo sameestay laba faayl oo qofka marka la keeno midna lagu rido kan wajiga wato kan kalena la yidhaahdo faylkii hore gali taasina macnaheedu yahay kan dambe waa kii loo baahnaa kii kalana raja ku nool uu noqdo wadada kaliya ee uu ku fikiraa ay tahay inuu yurub tago oo ka quusta dalkiisii hooyo si uu markiiba uga raysto ereyada ay caadeysteen dadkeenii maangaabka ah oo ay u sii dheertahay xaafadoodii iyo xaafadihii kale markay isu soo wareegaan inankii canaan nafta lagaga jarayo oo inankii mayaanu wali shaqa galin waa kuwayagii markiiba shaqa galayee taasi inankii waxa ay ku abuuraysay inuu war war iyo walbahaar seexan waayo oo habeen madow ka dhaqaajiyo sidaana uu ku maro saxarihii geerida iyo noloshii u dhaxaysay sidaa darteed Sharmaake waxa uu ahaa nin garanaya shaqa la’aanta dhaibaatada ay leedahay kana damqaday cadaalad darada lagu hayo dhalinyarta markaa waxa uu u guntaday inuu shaqooyinka lagu heli jiray reer nimada uu meesha ka saaro. wasaarad walba wixii shaqaala ay u baahantahay u soo gudbiso Hayada shaqaalaha dowlada si loo mariyo sifadii saxda ahayd ee xalaasha ahayd ee lagu kala baxayey oo qofkii wax bartayna uu xaqiisii ku helayey kii aan waxba soo barana uu halkaa ku harayey naftiisana ku eersanayey maxaad wax u baran wayday ileen meeshii maxaad taqaan baa timide , ilaahay waxaan ka baryaynaa inuu ilaahay ugu badalo khayr firfircoonaantaa daaacadnimadana ku dheehnayd ee uu muujiyey shamaarke una tafa xaytay sidii loobadali lahaa nidaamkaa xun ee dalkeenii ragaadiyey sharmaarke waa halyeey ,halyeeyaduna isdhaafeen waa haldoor muhiimoo hamigiisu wacanyahay hanaankiisu saxanyahay hadafkiisu dheeryahay hibo eebe siiyoo hufnaanina u dheertahay. LASOCO qaybt 2aad………………………………. shaamcade2015@gmail.com Source

(SLT-Hargaysa)Xildhibaan Maxamed Xaaji Yuusuf Waabeeyo ayaa xeerka ismaamulka gobalada iyo degmooyinka ee lagaga doodayo golaha wakiilada ku dhaliilay inuu xildhibaano siman siinaayo Burco iyo Gabilay, waxaanu ugu baaqay in baahida loo qabo in qiimayn guud dalka lagu sameeyo. Xildhibaan Waabeeyo ayaa ku baaqay in qiimaynta degmooyinka ee dalka guud ahaan dib loo eego waxaanu gudida xeerkan dib u eegista ku samaysay ku dhaliilay in aanay wax badan oo xeerka ku jira hoos u eegin “Wax ka badalkii lagu soo sameeyay xeer Lr.23 ugu horayn qodobkan 12-aad ee ay wax ka badalka ku samaysay gudida arimaha guduhu qodobkiisa 12-aad, waxa uu leeyahay waa inay xukuumadu dib u qiimayn ku samayso darajooyinka degmooyinka B iyo C muddo aan ka badnayn laba sanadood, degmooyinkan la laayahay ha soo qiimayso xukuumadu waa degmooyinkii jiri jiray, B marka laga hadlaayo waa shan degmo oo ka tirsan dalka oo waaweyn,marka laga hadlaayo C-na waa 11 degmo, shanta degmo ee B-da ah waxa ka mid ah Oodweyne,Saylac,Badhan,Ceel-afweyn iyo Buuhoodle, waxa qiimeeyay dhamaan dawladii ka horeeyay Somaliland waana kuwo hore u jiri jiray oo dawladii danbe ee Somalilandna, marka laga reebo Ceel-afweyn waxay u magacawday gobolo.” Xildhibaanka oo doodiisa sii wataa waxa uu yidhi” Gobaladan B-da ahayd waxa ku jiri jirtay Gabiilay Gabiilay meel lagu qiimeeyay oo A lagaga dhigay anigu garan maayo, dawlada Somaliland iyadana waxay ka dhigtay gobal, markaas sabaab ay dawladu magaalooyinkaas waaweyn dib ugu qiimayso ama waa in dib loo wada qiimeeyaa waxii la dhan jiray B iyo C oo dhan oo ay ku jirto Gabiilay ama waa in layska daayaa ileen gobalo ayaaba laga dhigaye, xukuumaduna waa inay dib u qiimayn ku samaysaa degmooyinkan badan ee ay magacawday laakiin degmooyin gobalo loo magacaabay waa in lagu wareeriyo maaha Kharashka umadan.” Waa uu sii watay xildhibaanku ” waxa jira lix degmo ooilaa Ingiriiskii inagaga tagay Boorame,Hargeysa, Bebera,Burco,Laasacaanod iyo Ceerigaabo, lixdaas gobal ee Ingiriisku inagaga tagay A- na waa ku ogaa doorashooyina waa ay lahaayeen ilaa Ingiriiskii xagan Gabilay laga raaciyay xeerkeebay ku jirtay, A+ gudi qaran ayaa qiimayn karta uun waana la ogyahay inay caasimad tahay A+ halka ay ka timi adiga ayaa sheegi ee lagu qiimeeyay, marka ay timaado degmooyinka A ee Burco iyo Berbera inay qaataan 11 Gabilay iyana inay qaadato 11 maaha, Gabilay kuma kacsani laakiin waa inay heerkeeda taagnaataa .” Source

(SLT-Hargeysa)-Madaxweynaha Somaliland Md. Muuse Biixi Cabdi ayaa ka gaws adaygaya in uu la kulmo Madax-dhaqameed ka soo kicitimay gobolka bariga gobolka Sanaag oo ku sugan magaalada Hargeysa. Madax-dhaqameedkan ka soo kicitimay degmooyinka Badhan, Dhahar iyo Laasqoray ayaa muddo laba toddobaad ah ku sugan Hargeysa ayaa aan wali ku guulaysan muhiimadii ay u yimaadeen magaalada Hargeysa. Afar ka mid ah madax-dhaqameedkan waftiga hoggaaminaya oo madaxweyne Muuse Biixi Cabdi la kulmay ka hor intii aanu safar ku tagin magaalada Berbera ayaa balan rasmi ah uga soo qaaday wakhtiga iyo wakhtiga uu la kulmi doono balse ma ay fulin balantaasi. Madax-dhaqameedka oo degan hudheel ku yaalla Magaalada Hargeysa ayaa la sheegay in ka cadhoodeen ka dib markii ay maanta ku war heleen in Madaxweynuhu uu safar ugu ambabaxay dalka Imaaraadka Carabta iyada oo balantu ahayd in uu maanta la kulmo hore uu u baajiyay kulan dhex mari lahaa. Wasiir ku-xigeenka wasaaradda horumarinta jidadka Somaliland Sahal Maxamed Jaamac oo deegaan ahaan ka soo jeeda bariga gobolka Sanaag kana mid ah mas’uuliyiin ka shaqeeyay in Madax-dhaqameedkani ay Hargeysa yimaadaan ayaa 3 maalmood ka hor sheegay in Madaxweynuhu uu madax-dhaqameedka la kulmi doono maanta oo khamiis ah balse kulankaasi ma dhicin waxaanu yidhi “waxa ay madaxweynaha la kulmayaan maalinta Khamiis (maanta), sidaa la socotaan Madaxweynuhu waxa uu gaaban ayuu ku gaadhay Berbera marka uu ka soo noqdo waxa uu balanqaaday in uu la kulmo isaga oo nasan” ayuu Sahal Maxamed Jaamac. Waftigan Madax-dhaqameedka ahi intii ay ku sugnaayeen Magaalada Hargeysa waxa uu kulamo la qaadeen hadhimo sharafeed ah la qaateen, qaybo ka mid madax-dhaqameedka Somaliland iyo mas’uuliyiin ka mid ah xukuumadda Madaxweyne Muuse Biixi. Si kastaba ha ahaatee Waxgaradka iyo Madax-dhaqameedkan ayaa hore tabasho badan uga qabay xukuumadda Madaxweyne Muuse Biixi Cabdi. Source