Somalia problem now can be solved either from outside to inside or inside to outside. Outside to inside is not possible. Too many outsiders with very different objectives non of which aligns with Somalia's needs. If it was the Arabs only you can choose one side and fight but even the arabs have their satellites like Ethiopia who have different need than the Arabs. The best is from inside to convince the regions to do their quarrel without calling outsiders. But then the federals also should not involve outsiders. If one group calls Ethiopia another will call Kenya another will call Egypt...never get together. Farmaajo is relying too much on outsiders and that is more harmful than good even if he temporarily wins like in SW.

lol The Italians actually delayed their operations to get more ships so they can bombard the boats and near by villages from Indian ocean to red sea side at once. And when the fighting was done and the capital fell, the Italians were still to scarred to enter and had to bring Africans/Eritreans to do that for them. https://italosomali.wordpress.com/2014/06/14/italo-somali-war-campaign-of-the-sultanates/ In 1920, the Dervish state collapsed after intensive British aerial bombardments, and Dervish territories were subsequently turned into a protectorate. The dawn of fascism in the early 1920s heralded a change of strategy for Italy, as the north-eastern sultanates were soon to be forced within the boundaries of La Grande Somalia according to the plan of Fascist Italy. Prominent Somali royal houses at the time were the Majeerteen Sultanate ruled by King Osman Mahamuud, which controlled much of northeast and central Somalia; the Warsangali Sultanate ruled by Sultan Mahmoud Ali Shire; and the Sultanate of Hobyo ruled by Sultan Yusuf Ali Kenadid. Given the defeat of the Dervish movement in the early 1920s and the rise of fascism in Europe, on 10 July 1925 Mussolini gave the green light to De Vecchi to start the takeover of the north-eastern sultanates. Everything was to be changed and the treaties abrogated. Coronaro’s survey concluded that the Ismaan Sultanate depended on sea traffic, therefore, if this were blocked any resistance which could be mounted came after the invasion of the sultanate would be minimal. As the first stage of the invasion plan Governor De Vecchi ordered the two Sultanates to disarm. The reaction of both sultanates was to object, as they felt the policy was in breach of the protectorate agreements. The pressure engendered by the new development forced the two rival sultanates to settle their differences over Nugaal possession, and form a united front against their common enemy. There is also a web site with all pictures and documents of the time. Italians consider the resistance in Somalia/Puntland to be the most significant they faced compared to Libya.

At least some are getting somewhere. Soon we will see containers from Somaliland all over Kililka. Please keep some unclaimed empties for us. Some of the markings on the containers are from large shipping companies as per the markings. Most likely sorting based on different ports sequence.

This is a bit misleading unless the purpose is to mislead which I don't think in this case. To be cynical I think you want to taunt the SOL nationalists here. First border talk was Menelik and Italy that concluded 1908 Then the British wanted to move around in any part there without question of whose territory it is and Menelik agreed. Some of it they placed it under their control and some was areas they could go in anytime semi control. The British documented on their side the border. If Ethiopia had taken a port and 10-20km wide access land between Somalinad and Djibouti the map would have been completely different. Lucky for you the Ethiopian king got scarred of the Somalilanders rebellion and also preferred Eritrea that has majority Xabeshi population. Then you had the agreement between Late Barre and Mengistu the final one. Of course late Barre did it under duress and distress, but that is not an excuse. Which agreement is the map based on?

Is it you or me that has bought into cheap propaganda? You want me to check History, look what I found.: Aren't they the only ones who fought to the end against Italy from all Italian Somalia? Italians were so scared even after all that carpet bombing from ships and some of the Puntland fighters have gone to Ethiopia, the Italians afraid of being ambushed and their soldiers killed one at a time, they brought Africans from Eritrea to do the checking. Italy did not open office or position governors or soldiers in Puntland. Find me any place in Africa or Asia where the colonizer recieves taxes from remote location and cannot have offices and administrators in villages or districts. SSDF: short answer.is Mengistu was an enemy to them, while Mengistu went to such great length to beg and bring Aidiid from India. Every man can fight when has objective or interest worth dying for. What is the strategic interest of Puntland in these border areas? As Eritrea fortune depended on Afar and Tigray so does Somaliland's future relies on Puntland.

It was easy for Abtigis to badmouth Illey and make friendship with Oromo or Amxara on meetings, YV and facebook. He was expecting to make short stay in Jigjiga and jump to Addis Ababa. That line has been cut. Now he really have to govern, and govern most difficult to govern, but reliable if they trust. He has to build water catchments, roads, schools, arrest people when do something wrong, investigate people to get to the bottom of something.... Lets see the democracy of face book on the ground.

A little bit too much of Congo in his career. The unlucky Congolese have rare earth and with China now pressuring US the Congolese will even be more unlucky. As if they did not pay heavy price for copper.

What happened the alliance Abtigis had established with the Amxara? Abtigis was their candidate for prime minister all over their websites. He accused Illey of being a separatist and who created enmity with Amxara. Anything that is fake or false flag fails if its not victorious in 24 hours. Which tribunal is ONLF withdrawing? I think this is very old news. The Kililka security could not prevent against a false flag operation done by Ethiopian government. No body blames Somalis for churches burned or priests killed. This was some operation done by someone outside or some clanist group who was willing to be paid against Illey. All Xabeshi know that the Somali is the only community which allows building of enormous churches in a 99 percent Moslem area.

There was no greater test for the civilized Puntlanders than 2006 when they went into Mugadishu. Mugadisu had spoken to everyone including the united states that Puntland may do retribution in the South. Everyone was holding their breath. They even proposed to stay outside themselves and di for a couple of days, until somebody was using this arrangement to prepare to attack them, then they went in. That is the ultimate test for anyone even in Europe.

Liyu has now become a Somali word.

galbeedi, The main issue with kenya is great if it succeeds. The rest of the staff that relates to the regional is dangerous. It is all based on excluding somebody. This is based on excluding Djibouti and Somaliland. Next step will exclude Jubaland and Puntland. As you know Eritrea is just temporary. As soon as Ethiopia wants to invest in Kismayu rather than Assab or Massawa conflict starts. About 65% of Ethiopia should use Djibouti and Somalia in good cost effective economic sense, but always politics determines. Both Xabeshi and Somali are mixed people. This Kush thing sounds more facebook hot air and some people who have lower confidence of standing on themselves. Everybody in East Africa is Kush or mixed race with Kush. That is too big and too far to organize around. Remember that Russians, Polish are close Slavic yet Poland has been always close and tool of French, Anglo mostly against Russia. Somalis can win competition or war easily with Kenya than with Ethiopia. One way or another looks like Ethiopia will get in deeper in Somalia affairs. Big Question. Why Somalia did not encourage agencies to use Kililka instead of deep in Addis Ababa...I know why and this will be one of the reasons if this project does not work. Don't blame ONLF which is friendy now to Djibouti and Somaliland as an insurance. Its the usual African joke: Someone who cannot organize a construction of a village Mosque or School talking about Globalism or regional integration. UAE that was condemned not to do any thing in Somalia because of Berbera is now deep inside, Berbera is forgotten, withdrawn from UN lol..etc and Turkish and Qatar are slowly being frozen. All in one year.

Both Puntland and Somaliland are really matured. Even fights and wars between them are clean wars when they happen. It makes it easier to forgive and move on. This is the African version of the English and French. Never be too close of brothers, but never be too far of mortal enemies.

Somaliland is already beholden to Bankers like everybody else. You are in good company America and Britain are too. Next boss are telecommunication companies. Pretty soon you will have 3rd level bosses..either ports and free traders or mining and oil.

Somebody who has never spoken a word other than Somaliland for decades, is all of a sudden "turned uionist" after loosing an election. Such a shift, which I do not think he is doing, is a career killer in politics. If he does what you are stating that he is unionist/unitary, he is done. Will be disrespected both camps.

MMA, You have become so predictable accusing/blaming Illey for everything under the sun. The change of name happened, because there was status change between district, Awraja, Zone and also some boundary change. There was nothing conspiratorial. All the names are still there, just status change.

Very impressive. You folks are getting somewhere while the rest of us are talking over face book agendas. Face book agendas that last only a week at the most, otherwise every hour there is issue about Kenya, Kililka, Mugadishu...that lasts only the memory span of a fly. Its good to see somebody working on something that will last a generation.

In Ethiopia the wheels have come off: America which made the regime change has no money to give (actually Trump does not want to give any money. Others have to pay America let alone America to bribe anyone) and the Arabs are tired already since they wanted quick changes to Djibouti and Somalia and that is not achievable. Internally it has proven impossible to change the structures the Tigray put in place. Federalism is so entrenched nobody wants to give up and actually each Kilil has now militia, police, special forces etc. On the contrary 3 Ethnicities are demanding to be Kilil a step up for them and nobody can stop them. No country on earth have gone from federalism to unitary unless it breaks up. Djibouti has outsmarted even the moneyed Arabs. Tigray and Afar do not want Afwerki since all his dancing was only against them both. Even the Oromo now see Afwerki as enemy who tried to hoodwink them into fighting Tigray which they do not have any issues with.

All this time I thought this was all a bad joke. Sincerely. Since they did not say they were hacked this was a trial balloon for sure. All that secret talks by Afwerki, Abiy and Farmaajo was for this empty Arab project.

Now the question has changed. It has become: Will UK survive? Trump wants to dial UK down few steps of the stair and make it a banana "republic" of America (far lower on the banana republic tree than what is currently). More poodle than Tony Blair days. The Welsh are on the move now. Cannot take the corrupt English who can be bought by any sultan or king with money.

There is hope that somebody in Africa will develop a civil service/military that can run the country as the political parties throw stones, knife, spit, at each other. That is what is missing in Africa and Arabs. A government that can run without political party or some political gang.

What do you think is preventing us creating or giving birth to public servants, professionals at least in the military and security that can discipline the politicians by threat, blackmail or something? When you see politicians in Britain that are all tribal and Somalia the difference is very little. The beaurocracy runs the country in their case and there is no technocracy in Africa.

You have a way of getting under the skin of SOL patriots. Somalia, Ethiopia...never existed before 1910 when borders of all East Africa was delimited at least on paper. And then 1936-41 it was Italian East Africa Come forward to 2018 Italian East Africa is being restored, but very short lived, already breaking in months.

If there is no valid and visible or openly explainable reason for doing so, then the change is conspiratorial. People do not like change of governors for other reasons than what they can see. There is no open and clear reason for doing so, therefore must be something else hidden reason.

Pro Trump folks pushed her out before his visit. If Boris wins that is the only reason for not waiting 2 weeks. Trump had twited that Boris should be PM. Trump wants to declassify documents embarassing to Britain and Ms. May could not stop him, but Boris can ask him not to release. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=41LVNqYZaWs

Eritrea has 300K soldiers mostly conscripts, but some conscripts have been there 20 years never let go. They do not need soldiers to disrupt the Turkish. If you make many false flags, disrupt the training and businesses is enough.