Another model PL adopted: a) A central single city culture does not exist, and whilst Garowe is the capital, it is not the centre of the attention, where both Boosaaso and Galkacyo are larger, more populous, more business orientated, and operate independently. Unfortunately, that is not the case in Hargeysa and Xamar where Burco (has been changing of late), and Berbera are ghost towns, albeit Boorama has grown, and is bustling. In the case of Xamar, population from Southern regions are all found in Xamar, where from Galkacyo to Xamar, there are no population centres, incl. Beledweyn, which by all accounts should have been a metropolis. Postscript: I observed young people are more camera savvy, all smiles, and friendly than the old generation, who come across as if cheesed off ready to bite your head off the minute they see a camera in close proximity.

Early gains in Federalism in its rudimentary form: Today, in major cities in SL and PL, basic services including clean drinking water, electricity, telecommunication, clinics, schools to name a few, in their respective regions, albeit subsidised are available, with good examples being Boorama, Boosaaso, Garowe, and Las Anod to name a few; at the fall of the nation state institutions in 1990, said cities had never known of, or heard of a government in any form, besides the presence of military hardware and “guulwade” positioned to subjugate the poor public. Let me offer another example in the education sector. Back then, if a student, say from Boorama, finished high school and wished to continue to higher education, in pre 1990, said student would have had to be relocated to Xamar, where s(he) had no family support, but today s(he) has a choice of going to a local institution, or to another city nearby, if s(he) could afford. There are two technical colleges in Burco and Galkacyo, which have a great deal of potential. In the medical field, if a child got sick in Hargeysa, the 2nd largest city in the country, in the old days, said child had to be transported to Xamar for medical attention, for the only General hospital in Hargeysa was not equipped, nor had medical doctors, to offer the most basic of medical services. Then, there was only one fully qualified GP, who worked part-time, along with Jr trainees, and a few nurses, at the General hospital. There were no private clinics. Today MRIs, CT scans, dialyses, diagnostic services etc. are available locally. In telecom and Internet services, Somalia now offers some of the best in the world with even nomads having access to high speed Internet. I was browsing the net, and watching movies, with no buffering in Garacad. Some counties in rural America do not have fast Internet speed. Imagine that. Now, compare that to the pre 1990 where to make a phone call, one had to travel to Xamar for a permission to place a trunk call. Said services had been enabled, if facilitated by devolved system adopted by the country, and it is no longer a city State dictatorship.

Group rankings: Cayn, Bari, Mudug, and Nugaal top the groups. Sanaag, Haylaan, Karkaar, and Ra's al Casayr at the bottom. https://fb.watch/mXbN0wf8jm/

Haylaan scores, and it is a draw in the extra 4 minutes time.

Sanaag vs Haylaan with Sanaag leading with a goal. https://www.facebook.com/watch/live/?ref=watch_permalink&v=1287567561875395

No aid agencies involved. Did you observe how many young people for the turnout, esp. ladies? I did not realise ladies were into sports that much. I did observe similar thing in SL for the regional games, and for the Fed. States in Xamar, and those too were impressive. Daljir streams it on its fb. So does PL tv.

Of course, brother.

I agree, ergo the reason at its adoption, federalism was deemed, and favoured over other systems with the sole intent of reconciling, and creating harmony and cohesion amongst communities. And by the way, the name, shape, or form any agreed upon system takes matters very little, so long as it serves the intended purpose of devolving power to the periphery, and thereby flowing to the centre, and not the other way round. Federalism has been adopted, and possibly trying to keeping the nation, the people together. Are you familiar with the 8 years of the Articles of Confederation? If no, do read on it with special interest as to how its foundation laid the ground for Federalism being adopted at the Constitutional convention in Philadelphia. https://uscode.house.gov/download/annualhistoricalarchives/pdf/OrganicLaws2012/confederation.pdf How do you propose we arrive at a peaceful landing? How do you propose to keep the nation, and its people together, and in harmony? To reiterate, Federalism means a treaty, and was implemented by the Umawiyah & Abasiyah in the Islamic State.

In Las Anod, the cleanup kicks off.

Nugaal beats Ra'as al Casayr by 4:1.

Bari vs Cayn ends in draw 1:1

In its current standing, and state, Somalia is in nation state building phase, and whilst that is in due process, Fed. gov't has no say, nor jurisdiction over the affairs, internal or otherwise of Fed. Member States. Up until Fed. laws had been deliberated, negotiated, agreed upon, and established, in consultation, participation, and inclusion of FMSs, Fed. gov't has no powers to discharge, or exercise in the States. Therefore using our current state to argue against Federalism is null and void, and instead shall be glancing at host nations where federalism is being practiced as a good example of its functionalities.

True, current revenue is more than then, for example Fed. Budget in 2023 was almost 1 billion USD, 284m+ of which was revenue generated in Xamar, wth the rest being cash injections from donor nations; further, States had sizeable revenue (SL 420m+), PL(370m+), JL (45m+), SW (46m+), HS(25m+), and GM (33m+) ). In the greater scheme of things, in aggregate that is pittance, for a single NGO, or a Ministry in a functioning state has greater budget that the whole nation. That is just for reference. On the rendered services front, today through the private sector, States incl. SL and PL provide better services in clean drinking water, electricity, telecommunication, clinics, schools to name a few, in their respective regions, albeit subsidised, with good examples being Borama, Hargeysa, Garowe, and Las Anod (well, prior to its being raised to the ground), and such regions have never known of, or heard of a government in any form. JL and SW are following suit, and are expected to do the same in the coming years. More children attend schools than ever before outside of the capital; more children have been vaccinated than ever before. This was advanced by way of a devolved system adopted by default post State collapse. At a high level, there are two primary types: a) Dual, where clearly defined terms and powers are drawn, and agreed upon with most powers resting with the States. b) Cooperative, where Fed. and State governments collaborate on policy. We are neither, for we are not quite there yet, and shall explain appealing features of either, and to whom at a given time using the US as a test model. There are other forms to consider including Devolution, Creative Federalism etc., yet we are not quite there yet to consider in our current state. On the matter of likening Federalism to clan fiefdoms, and sectarianism, let me explain: In practice, Federalism, as a system of governance, works at three levels: Federal, State, and District each with clearly defined roles where there are shared responsibilities, and division of responsibilities. What has been proposed for Somalia, but yet to be implemented was: a system of governance where power flows from the States, the periphery, to the Centre instead of its being dictated from the Centre to the periphery, the States. The wisdom being to: a) Prevent return to the discredited, if dangerously tyrannical Centralist system, and b) Create harmony amongst the peoples. This yet remains to be implemented. Core reasons for advocating for the said system had been: a) Power-sharing: As stipulated in Article 3 of Founding Principles, sections (3 & 4), with respect to power-sharing, participatory consultative, and inclusivity in governance, and separation of powers, seeks to provide check and balance whilst preventing usurpation of power. This was intended to prevent a power hungry neophyte, or a bent warlord to dupe the public, amass power, pillage, and impair the nation, despite its recent history. This is wasted on the progeny of the erstwhile regime reminiscing of the good old days which never were, and the youngins advocating for a heavily Central authority, drunken on ‘monopoly on violence*’ theory sans wholly comprehending its ramifications. As a system, devolved system or configuration, hence federalism was intended to avoid revisitation of previous nightmares, check 1969 – 2000s. Anti-federalist voices, in favour of the failed centralism system, now wish to do away with said principles, and thereby invaliding realised gains. b) Separation of duties in the Executive branch: Under Article 97, sections (1 & 2), powers entrusted unto and with the Executive Branch are defined, and rest with the Prime Minister. President has no role in the Executive Branch, with his powers, and authority constrained, as defined in Article 90. The intent herein was to ensure the President would not accumulate undue powers, and enforce checks and balance, where an authoritarian leader could not impose his wish upon the nation. This was a major article of contention at the time, and was negotiated as such in the days of drafting the Charter, and was agreed it was the most viable solution forward. Anti-federalist forces now wish to dismantle agreed upon principles, through the backdoor, and thereby negating realised gains. But at first, let me share an observation. On the home front, there are three groups of interest: a) People from regions where there has been less stability, political coherence, security, and less government are in favour of heavily centralised model of governance. i) This group happens to be in regions, where the civil unrest, and armed rebellion reached at a much later years, closer to the centre, sees private gains in a centralised system, and could be argued have some catching up to do; one must not try to frogmarch them to the present, and allow them walk at own stride. This group, whilst speaking in code, fails to openly articulate as to the perceived gains for the public good. b) People from more politically stable regions, with longer experience of governance at the local level, favour more decentralised, federalist system. i) These regions are where the civil struggle started much earlier paying the heaviest both in human and material loss; their earlier gains, experiences, and exposure influence their desire for federalism, and see greater public good in staying away from the centre. This group, whilst succeeded in advancing the federalist model to have been adopted in principle, it failed thus far, in practice, to convince groups (a), and (c) to tag along. c) The third groups, whilst originally aligned with group (b), and one could argue is the largest, lost interest, convinced itself there are no private gains in either, whilst absolving itself of the public good, and has adopted a position of neutrality potentially aligning itself with either said groups. With respect to governance, group (b) is naturally light years ahead of group (a), which explains as to the diverging rationale. Group (c) sees itself as the sacrificial lamb caught in the midst of boisterous bulls on charging course, and could only envisage its private gains in the demise of said other groups. Boggles the mind. On the diaspora front however, what is difficult to compute is the rationality of those born and bred in English speaking nations, say in the US or UK, where heavily decentralised systems of governance are in motion, who still advocate for heavily centralised system, some even advocating for a tyrannical rule so long as perceived private gains are to be had. Badgers the mind. -------------------------------- * Monopoly on violence: What gets lost in discussing this theory is the the term “legitimate use of physical force”, and not at a whim of a leader, which negates its core premise; again, power largely rests with the public, and not with elected leaders alone, and in the event, a leader usurps power, sans consultation with the public, through representatives, then in almost all cases, it leads to failure of both said leader, and nation: if not in the immediate, then definitely in the long run. By legitimate, it does not imply State is the ONLY one to use force, but [the] one entrusted to legitimately authorise in its use. Where there is an illegitimate intent of use of force, State is in violation, and must be stopped. The theory, as attributed to M Weber made sense in feudalism, and not in representative modern nation states with mechanisms to rein in excessive usurpation of power by rogue leaders, case in point D Trump in ordering Sec. of Defence to annihilate Mexico, for its leader refused to go along with Trump’s “Mexico will pay for it [the wall]” bogus campaign promise to beguile the weary-eyed public. Other historically notable examples include Caesar in his multiple adventures, which resulted in his eventual downfall, or the US from H Truman in Vietnam to Bush Jr in his misadventures in the Middle East to B Obama's in seeking to obliterate the Muslim world in his spurious smile. To be continued.

One of the worse yet. This 14 year old child was found in coma in the wilderness by nomads, who have taken upon themselves to feeding him for days to recover, almost starved to death. He will not be imprisoned, but is being looked after in a home till handed over to his family. Urgent: Child Protection Alert A 14-year-old child rescued from the conflict in Lasanod reveals a harrowing truth. For 8 months, Lasanod endured relentless shelling and violence from Somaliland Militias Clan under the Muse Bixi regime. This innocent child was coerced into joining the militia clan so called Somaliland, highlighting the horrifying circumstances faced by young individuals in crisis. He's not a willing participant but a victim. We must stand united against the recruitment of child soldiers in conflict zones. This child's rescue emphasizes the need for international attention and support to protect vulnerable youth. Somaliland Militias Clan's actions must be condemned, and immediate action taken to safeguard children affected by armed conflicts. Let's ensure they have a chance at a peaceful future, free from violence and fear.

I commend them for refusing to kill their own, and be killed? And for what? Destroy poor people in their own backyard for their own believes and culture? When Uncle Sam chooses to negotiate with AS just as had been done with Taliban, what will become of the families of the many dead and maimed in your backyard? This pseudo war on terror, concocted at Langley, is no different from the war against Daraawiish at the turn of the 20th century, and so it shall be remembered in history 100 years from now.

I thank you, you raised some very good points, and I shall lance one at a time, as time permits. I must say you did exactly what I was hoping you would do: a) Viewing what is in place in Somalia today as Federalism, and measuring it, and its ills by those standards, a major thought gap, which I suspect explains lack of exposure, and true understanding of, as the average Somali, to its true nature, and practice, and b) Falling back on nostalgia reminiscing of the good old Somalia, which never was. To begin, I'll come back to explain what Federalism "treaty" actually entails, is, how it trully works, and its virtues. Postscript: I agree, we all want a strong, stable, and functioning modern nation state, but differ as to how best get there.

@Arafaat Let us begin, and have you make the case against Federalism whilst outlining your favoured, alternative system.

Mudug vs Karkaar: Mudug won by a goal.

So, we want to compare Kacaan in its hay days with subsequent 40 years of recovering from destruction, Kacaan's legacy? Yet, you want to exclude diaspora inspired contributions, essential manifestation of the recovery? If anything Kacaan abused talent by espousing contagious literature, where even the best had been fed Kacaan rapturous chanting, and euphoric literature. The worse kind. Indoctrination of the worse form in thinking. Postscript: Could you share any critical, if valuable literary works by the Kacaan? I do not mean mediocrity, nor do I mean literary work during the Kacaan era, most of which had been anti-Kacaan, but inspired, or sponsored by the Kacaan? By critical, I mean any that which meets the 'form of the good'.

Mudug vs Ra's al Casayr https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=604062595264024

Haylaan vs Bari https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=1455606395218279

Karkaar vs Nugaal ' https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=851457089661463

Cayn vs Sanaag https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=6600634046720952